gr no. l-11600

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G.R. No. L-1160

June 27, 1958REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, palintif-

appellant,

Vs.IÑIGO PABLICO CORPIN, deendant-appellee

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REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, plaintif-appellant,vs.

IÑIGO PABLICO CORPIN, deendant-appellee• MONTEMAYOR, J.:

- The Republic o the Philippines is appealin the

o!de! o the "ou!t o #i!st $nstance o %e&te, in'pecial P!oceedins (o. 29),o 'epte*be! 17,

195+, den&in pe!*ission to co**ence the

p!esent action o quo warranto on the olloin!ounds. e uote the last pa!a!aph o said

o!de!/

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IÑIGO PABLICO CORPIN, deendant-appellee• "onside!in that the p!esent petition o! leave

to ad*it the co*plaint as 0led lon ate! the

lapse o the pe!iod o one ee ate! the

p!ocla*ation o the deendant as *a&o! elect o

ili!an, %e&te as !eui!ed b& 'ection 173 o the

4lection "ode and conside!in u!the! thatthe!e is pendin !esolution b& the "ou!t o

6ppeals "ase (o. 2+),

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IÑIGO PABLICO CORPIN, deendant-appellee• "6-. R. 1+375, anothe! qou warranto case 0led

b& Jose (apilit aainst the sa*e deendant, and

at hose instance and !elation the p!esent case

is bein 0led, and that the decision in said qou

warranto case is decisive on issues he!ein

involved, the "ou!t he!eb& 4($4' pe!*ission toco**ence the p!esent action, ith costs aainst

the inde*nit& 0led b& the !elato!.

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REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, plaintif-appellant,vs.IÑIGO PABLICO CORPIN, deendant-appellee

• The appellee is $io Pablico "o!pin, the 'olicito!

ene!al in !ep!esentation o the Republic o the

Philippines, appellant, *aes a succint and

co!!ect state*ent o the acts invoed, and in as

*uch as the appellee accepts the co!!ectness o

said state*ent o the case and o the acts, e!ep!oduce the sa*e belo and *ae it ou! on/

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• :n June 2;, 195+, the P!ovincial #iscal o

Tacloban, %e&te, in !ep!esentation o the

Republic o the Philippines, and upon !elation o

Jose (apilit, 0led a co*plaint o! qou warranto.

The ac!tion sees to eunicipal >a&o!, o the *unicipalit& oili!an, %e&te and is the!eo!e, unlaull&

holdin the position.

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• 6 *otion to dis*iss the co*plaint as 0led b& the

deendant, allein that the !elato! in this case Jose

(apilit, a deeated candidate o! the position o

*unicipal *a&o! o ili!an, %e&te, had p!eviousl& 0led a

si*ila! petition o! qou warranto aaints hi* to i*pun

is election on the !ound o ineliibilit&, and that said

case has been decided b& the "ou!t o #i!st $nstance in

avo! o the deendant and is no on appeal beo!e the

"ou!t o 6ppeals.

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• The P!ovincial #iscal 0led an opposition to the *otion

to dis*iss, allein that the 0!st case cannot be

pleaded to ba! the 0llin o the p!esent p!oceedins at

the instance o the Republic o the Philippines,

because the latte! as not a pa!t& in the 0!st qou

warranto case hich as b!ouht di!ectl& b& Jose

(apilit, ithout the inte!vention o the p!ovincial 0scal

o! an& o=cial in !ep!esentation o the Republic o the

Philippines.

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• :n 6uust ), 195+, the "ou!t on *otion o the

deendant, issued an o!de! autho!i?in hi* to

ithd!a his *otion to dis*iss, conside!in

that the co*plaint had up to then not &et been

o!de!ed doceted b& the cou!t, bu& !ese!vin

o! the deendant the !iht to 0le an opposition

aainst the ad*ission o said co*plaint.

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• Pu!suant to the o!de! @ust *entioned,

the deendant 0led an opposition to

the co*plaint the!ein e*bod&in the

sa*e a!u*ent hich he had

adduced in his *otion to dis*iss.

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• :n 'epte*be! 17, 195+, the cou!t issued an

o!de! den&in, o! the !easons the!ein stated,

pe!*ission to co**ence the p!esent action,

ith costs aainst the inde*nit& bond 0led b&

the !elato!. 6 *otion o! !econside!ation as

0led b& the p!ovincial 0scal hich as opposedb& the deendant and actin on said *otion o!

!econside!ation, the cou!t denied the sa*e.

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• #!o* the o!de! o the cou!t dated

'epte*be! 17, 195+ and its o!de!

dated (ove*be! 3, 195+, the

p!ovincial 0scal inte!posed the

p!esent appeal.

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• The 'olicito! ene!al *aes the

olloin assin*ent o e!!o!s/

$. The loe! cou!t e!!ed in holdin

that the p!esent petition o! qou

warranto !eui!es pe!*ission o the

cou!t beo!e sa*e could be 0led

the!ein.

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$$. The loe! cou!t e!!ed in holdin that the qou

warranto case aainst the sa*e deendant

he!ein entitled AJose (apilit vs. $io Pablico

"o!pin,B "ase (o. 2+), *a& be pleaded in

abate*ent o the petition o! qou warranto

unde! the p!inciple o res dicata.

$$$. The loe! cou!t e!!ed in not ivin due cou!se

to the p!esent action o! qou warranto.

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• Cnde! the 0!st assin*ent o e!!o!, the ove!n*ent

contends that it as not necessa!& to secu!e the

pe!*ission o the t!ial cou!t beo!e 0lin the action,

o! the !easons that the P!ovincial #iscal ho 0lled

the co*plaint, alleed in his petition Athat he has

ood !easons to believe that the!e is p!ope! action

o qou warranto aainst the he!ein deendant $io

Pablico "o!pin.B

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• "onseuentl&, it is a!ued, the

petition alls unde! the p!ovisions o

'ection 3, Rule +8 o the Rules o the

"ou!t, hich !eads as ollos/

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Sec. . When Solicitor Generalor fscal must commence action

• The 'olicito! ene!al o! a 0scal hen

di!ected b& the P!esident o the

Philippines, o! hen upon co*plaint o!

othe!ise he has ood !eason to believe

that an& case speci0ed in the last to

p!ecedin sections can be established b&

p!oo, *ust co**ence such action.

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Sec. !. when Solicitor General orfscal may commence action with

permission o court • The 'olicito! ene!al o! 0scal *a&, ith the

pe!*ission o the cou!t in hich the action is to be

co**enced, b!in such an action at the !euest

and upon the !elation o anothe! pe!son but in such

case the o=ce! b!inin it *a& 0!st !eui!e an

inde*nit& o! e

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• $n conclusion, e hold that he!e unde! the Revised

4lection "ode, a deeated candidate o! the o=ce o

*a&o! has 0led qou warranto p!oceedins aainst

the opposin candidate ho had been decla!ed

elected and has assu*ed o=ce, o! the pu!pose o

havin hi* ousted !o* the said o=ce on the

!ound that he as not eliible o! uali0ed because

he as not a #ilipino citi?en.

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• The !eason is that a 0nal decision !espondent

in the 0!st case eithe! b& the "ou!t o 6ppeals

he!e it as pendin appeal, o! b& the

'up!e*e cou!t, should said case eve! !each it,

ould de0nitel& and 0nall& dete!*ine the

sa*e issue involved in the second case, and

constitute res adjudicata.

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• The !antin o! denial o pe!*ission to 0le said

second suit b& the ove!n*ent unde! Rule +8,

'ection ), i the Rule o "ou!t, !ests la!el& in

the disc!etion o the t!ial cou!t, speciall& hen

said suit b& the ove!n*ent is bein instituted

upon the !elation and at the instance o thesa*e pa!t& !elato! ho 0led the 0!st qou

warranto p!oceedins.

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• $n vie o o!eoin, the o!de! appealed

!o* is he!eb& a=!*ed. (o costs.

• Paras, C. J., Bengzon, Reyes, A., Bautista

Angelo, Concepcion, Reyes, J. B. L.,Endencia, and Feli, JJ., concur..

gr no. l-11600

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