gpu computing for multiple physics coupling of...

Lei Yang, Ji Qi, Yuan Tian

GPU Computing for Multiple Physics Coupling of ADS

CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China

Energy Crisis

Nuclear power and two problems

ADS

New Spallation Targets

Simulations of new spallation targets


Population

Civilization Original Agriculture Industrial

Steam Engine

Time

1) Relation between Population and Time 2) 2 Phase transition 3) Using Non-manpower


The world faces a daunting array of energy challenges. Oil remains indispensable to the global economy, but it is increasingly produced in places that present big commercial, environmental, and geopolitical risks; greenhouse gases continue to accumulate in the atmosphere; and the odds that the world will face catastrophic climate change are increasing. These problems will only worsen as global demand for energy rises.

acid rain

fossil fuels Three per cent loss of GDP


http://tupian.hudong.com/s/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93/xgtupian/1/11

Hydroelectric power plant Nuclear power plant

Solar/wind power plants

Wind power is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, and produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation.

The nuclear power plant stands on the border between humanity's greatest hopes and its deepest fears for the future. Atomic energy offers a clean energy with huge demand.


Energy Crisis


ADS




Now in global ~15% France ~80%； Japan、Germany、Korean ~30%； USA、Russian、UK ~20% -> 30%； China ~2%->15%.


秦山一期核电厂300MW

1991年12月15日并网发电

秦山二期650MW核电站

1、2机组分别与2002年2月6日、2004年5月并网发电


秦山三期核电站

大亚湾核电厂2×900MW

1994年2月1日和5月6日

两个机组分别投入商业运行

岭澳核电站



江苏田湾核电站


辽宁红沿河核电站 4台机组主体工程于2007年8月陆续开工

福建宁德核电站 4台机组主体工程于2008年2月陆续开工

福清核电站6X1000MW 1、2号机组2008年12月开工图为2号机组第一罐混凝土

方家山 2X1000MW核电站 1、2号机组2008年12月开工

三门核电站 2X1250MW AP1000 (三代机型) 2009年3月开工

海阳核电站 2X1250MW AP1000 (三代机型) 2009年9月开工

Westinghouse Electric Com. Third G.R.

昌江核电站 2×650MW 2010年4月25日开工

防城港核电2×1000MW 2010年7月30日开工


Operation: 10.234GWe/11 reactors

Constructing: 25.90GWe/23 reactors

Designing: 44.27GWe/39 reactors

Planning: 120.0GWe/120reactors PS：1GWe=1M kW

Long term development plan

2020

70GWe (5~6% TIC, 7% TGC)

2030

200GWe (10% TIC, 15% TGC)

2050

400GWe (16% TIC, 22% TGC)

TIC: total installed capacity

TGC: total generating capacity

Several years later


U235 0.72%

U235 3% 0.85% U235

+0.7% Plutonium

once-through fuel cycle

Three Mile island

Fukushima

Deep geological

repository

Resource waste

Not Inherent safety

Non-proliferation resistance

Nuclear waste disposal

Chernobyl


Just built 10-15 years later 1000 years later


Energy Crisis


ADS




1GW nuclear plant (PWR) produces several 10 tons waste per year.

In the past 30 years, most of 100s nuclear reactors use the way to disposal the waste in USA. At present, 45k tons waste has been produced and still increases 2000 tons per year.

In China, the pressure of waste disposal will be heavier in around 2030. At that time, it will be 3200 tons high-level waste per year according the long term plan.

Report of《 ADS and FR in Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycles 》NEA/ OECD ADS is better at burning waste than

fast reactors ADSs employing a fast neutron

spectrum and solid, could support more PWR waste transmutation to transmute transuranics or minor actinides


Natural U

Time（year）

Rad

ioac

tive

to

xic

Toxic：time 1 000x； volume 100x

Open fuel cycle Close fuel cycle Separation transmutation cycle ADS + Close cycle

Extract ADS


power： Demo facility：~10MW

Density of power deposition：X kW/cm^3 ~ XX kW/cm^3

Demo facility ：~1MW=100.0MeV@10mA

accelerator Spallation target Subcritical core


power deposition by proton beam

Spallation reaction

Heat

deposition

Power deposition

Physical character motion

Beam – plasma interaction

multi-physical process coupled

Hydra dynamical instability？

Shock wave？


ADS Facility

Year

Be

am Po

wer (kW

)

ESS

Liquid Metal Target

Solid target


? : tens of MW target for ATW

Liquid target

Solid target: rotating target can enlarge relatively the beam spot

Porosint target: Packed beds (rod, ball, etc), increasing coolant contact surface.

Average Beam intensity： <10 μ A/cm^2

Average Beam intensity ：

<30 μ A/cm^2

Average Beam intensity ：

<20 μ A/cm^2

High Power Spallation target

rotating moving target


Energy Crisis


ADS


Challenges in Simulation


Powder Jet (ISIS)

Proton Beam

Gra

nu

lar

flo

w b

y gr

avit

y


Target Body; Heat Exchanger; Solid horizontal Transport ; Dreg Filter; Gas-Solid Separator; Gas Dust Filter; Gas Heat Exchanger; Gas Blower ; Gas Pipes; Gas-Solid Mixer; Solid Lifter

parameters

Granular material Tungsten/Tungsten alloy

Structure material TZM/SiC

Granular size 20±10mm

Inlet temperature

of granular

250 C

Outlet temperature

of granular

350 C

Proton beam 100MeV@1mA=10MW

Intensity of beam >10 μ A/cm^2

Diameter of beam spot

20cm

Average velocity of granular flow

~2.9m/s


Energy Crisis


ADS




DIY in 2008 5.08Tflops

200 Tesla C1060 in 2010 200Tflops

21 Tesla M2090+ 48 Tesla K20 in 2012

70Tflops

Chute flow

Hopper flow

Dense granular

Janssen’s effect

Particles re-mapping

Halo transfer

The particles which reside in red cells will be transfered to subdomain N-1. The particles which reside In blue cells will be transfered to subdomain N+1.

The red cells are the halo of subdomain N-1 and the blue cells are the halo of subdomain N+1. The data of halos will be Transferred to neighborring subdomains.

Comm. time per step

Percentages of Comm. time efficiency

PSS: particles step per second

Mass parallel Simulation: Contact mechanism + MD + MC transport K20GPU Number of particles: 2.0 M


Temperature distribution (10MW=100MeV@10mA)

Fraction of volume distribution

Temperature distribution (2.5MW=25MeV@10mA)

Fraction of volume vs. time neutronics

Maximum erosion estimation distribution


Nuclear is a good choice in energy

ADS is a good choice to solve the main problems of

nuclear power

Granular target provides a possibility to meet the demand

of ADS

Collaborate to design the granular target and reactor and

accelerator


Thank you！


gpu computing for multiple physics coupling of...

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