governments: tomas sancho, wcce, 16th january un water zaragoza conference 2015

TOMÁS A. SANCHOWCCE PRESIDENT

GOVERNMENTS CONTRIBUTION WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT:

WATER SCARCITY ON THE RISE

Drivers of water scarcity : • Governance deficits: lack of regulation, agreement,

enforcement, etc.• Economic development leading to excessive demands given

the resources available.• Mismatch between infrastructure development and water

requirements.• Uncontrolled effluents and excessive modifications on river

hydromorphologyTo tackle the problem we need to match supply and demand with the ammount the quality and the timing of the resources available.

What can Governments do? WATER POLICY ELEMENTS

PROBLEMS

• Deficit and shortage• Famine in the world• Poverty• Competition for water• Stressed watershed and

aquifers• Environmental degradation • Water risks (floods,

droughts)• Climate change

GOVERNMENT ACTIONS

• Institutional development• Appropriate investments• Regulatory framework• Capacity building• Cooperation and stakeholder

engagement• IWRM Integrated Water

Resources Management

Government tools and actions will contribute to cope with water scarcity as long as they are part of a IWRM and fulfill these criteria:

OCDE, 2014

Case studies : lessons learnt

• Myanmar: Capacity building and stakeholder engagement

• Spain: Technology• México: Financial sustainability• Brazil: Local empowerment and poverty

alleviation

Myanmar: a water abundant country caring for IWMR

Challenge: despite being water-rich, the country faces several water risks. Floods, high rainfall variability and growing demand

Action: Development of a National Water Resources Committee (NWRC) for coordination and cooperation among all different water institutions and relevant actors

Lesson: IWRMs is a sensitive policy option even in water is abundant. Bringing water conservation to the frontline improves development opportunities. Besides its benefits for nature IWRM might contribute to economic objectives and to the building of a fair and inclusive water governance.

Establishment on 25 July 2013 Water related Authorities and experts Coordination and management for Myanmar water

resources Expert Group to support NWRC in technical point of

views Members of water experts from various background Myanmar National Water Policy , Myanmar Water

Framework Directive and Myanmar Drinking Water

Quality Standard

National Water Resources Committee

11

Well-prepared sectorial knowledge

Importance of capacity Building

Capacity building at all levels

learning by doing.

IWRM in real world cases

Capacity building programme connected with projects

31

The Segura River Basin (Spain): Actions towards an Integrated Water Resources management

Challenge: Coming to terms with the resources available by curbing water

scarcity, reducing drought risk, enhance adaptation without compromising the options for local and regional economic development.

Action: Implementing a portfolio of actions to transfer water, enhance water efficiency, promote con-conventional water sources, manage water demand and preserve and protect degraded water sources.

Lesson: Technology solutions are not panaceas but opportunities that require proper financial means and enabling institutional frameworks.

RIVER BASIN DISTRICTS UE (215) Annual Rainfall Average

Segura River Basin

365 mm/year

WATER SCARCITY

5 MILLION TON. – 4.300 MILLION EUROS SEGURA BASIN = 30 % SPAIN

UE : 500 million hab.

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE MARKETS

Mexico: A dedicated financial framework for water management

Challenge: facing severe water scarcity in an unfavorable financial

framework; making water users responsible and willing to contribute to water provision and sustainability

Actions: In the context of an IWRM framework strengthening the Financial Framework for Water (SFA) through coordinated public action and public private partnerships.

Lesson: Effective financing is more than funding and is actually a social and institutional endeavor requiring social commitment and cooperation. Financial frameworks can contribute to water governance makin water access sustainable and enhancing transparency and accountability

Brazil: “Cultivando Agua Boa” enabling institutions to preserve water resources

Challenge: putting water resources into value for poverty alleviation and to the creation of opportunities for local development.

Actions: empowering people through an effective policy mix of more than 60 actions decided and implemented with the active participation of local stakeholders.

Lesson: IWRM may be a powerful mean to reduce poverty trigger development and built up inclusive and enabling institutions to manage water sustainably.

Panelists

Htun Lwin Oo, Ministry of Transport, Myanmar

Miguel Ángel Ródenas, Segura Water Authority, Spain

Nelton Friedrich, Itaipu Binacional, Brazil

José Elías Chedid Abraham, Lerma Santiago Pacifico Water Authority–CONAGUA,Mexico

Panel questions

MYANMAR CASE STUDYMr. H. Lwin OO

• How does the NWRC- National Water Resources Committee function?

Establishment on 25 July 2013 Water related Authorities and experts Coordination and management for Myanmar water

resources Expert Group to support NWRC in technical point of

views Members of water experts from various background Myanmar National Water Policy , Myanmar Water

Framework Directive and Myanmar Drinking Water

Quality Standard

National Water Resources Committee

11


• How do stakeholders and policymakers reach to the conclusion that nature needs to be preserved even if water seems to be an abundant resource?

• Has that consensus remained stable?• Capacity building: What are the main activity

lines in this field?

Well-prepared sectorial knowledge

Importance of capacity Building

Capacity building at all levels

learning by doing.

IWRM in real world cases

Capacity building programme connected with projects


• What are the main social conflicts related to water and what role the government is expected to play to sort them out?

• How can finance be used as a mechanism for sustainability?

SPAIN CASE STUDYMr. Miguel A. RÓDENAS

• What contributions, specially technological ones, have been implemented in Segura river basin?

MAIN WATER MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES

1. GOVERNANCE

2. LONG TERM WATER PLANNING

3. INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE

MANAGEMENT

SEGURA RIVER BASIN. TECHNOLOGY

MAIN PLANS & PROJECTS

1. GOVERNANCE

PRINCIPLE OF ‘BASIN UNITY’

Since 1926

GOVERNMENT

PRESIDENT

MANAGEMENT

BOARD

PLANNING

WATER COUNCIL

MANAGEMENT

USERS BOARD

EXPLOITATION

WORKS BOARD

RESERVOIR

RELEASE BOARD

COOPERATION

COMPETENT

AUTHORITIES

COMMITTEE

RIVER BASIN AUTHORITY. COLLEGIATE BODIES

2. LONG TERM WATER

PLANNING

SEGURA BASIN: NATURAL FLOW

400 m3/hab/year

WATER PLAN (2015)

TARGET: 940 m3/hab/year

WATER RESOURCES IN THE SEGURA RBD

SEGURA BASIN: OWN NATURAL RESOURCES

400 m3/hab/year

WATER PLAN (2015)

TARGET: 940 m3/hab/year

WATER RESOURCES IN THE SEGURA RBD

ENVIRONMENTAL 2 %

IRRIGATION 83 %

WATER DEMANDS

DRINKING WATER 15 %

SUPERFICIAL 23 %

SEGURA RIVER BASIN RESOURCES

REUSE 14 %

GROUNDWATER 12 %

DESALINATION 8 %

TRANSFERS 18 %

DEFICIT 25 %

SUPERFICIAL 23 %

SEGURA RIVER BASIN RESOURCES

REUSE 14 %

GROUNDWATER 12 %

DESALINATION 8 %

TRANSFERS 18 %

DEFICIT 25 %

3. INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

MAIN WATER MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES

1. GOVERNANCE

2. LONG TERM WATER PLANNING

3. INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE

MANAGEMENT




• What are the main developed actions and projects which bring more resources introducing technology?


1. TAJO-SEGURA TRANSFER

2. URBAN SUPPLY SYSTEM

3. WASTEWATER RECLAMATION & REUSE SYSTEM

4. IRRIGATION WATER SAVING PLAN

5. SEAWATER DESALINATION SYSTEM

6. DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLAN

7. FLOOD PROTECTION PLAN

8. AUTHOMATIC HYDROLOGICAL INFORMATION

SYSTEM


Tajo River

Segura River

1. TAJO SEGURA TRANSFER

Tajo-Segura aqueduct

1. TAJO SEGURA TRANSFER

Fluvial networkUrban supply networkTransferTajo-SeguraDesalination plants

2. URBAN SUPPLY SYSTEM - MCT

2,5 Million people

3. WASTEWATER RECLAMATION & REUSE SYSTEM

46 LARGE TREATMENT PLANTS

525,000 m3/day

WATER REUSE 144 hm3 / Year

99 % URBAN WASTEWATER TREATED

4. IRRIGATION WATER SAVING PLAN

5. SEA WATER DESALINATION SYSTEM

PRODUCTION CAPACITY 333 hm3 / Year


• What are the another actions which has integrated technology?

6. DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLAN

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1

Evolución del Índice de Estado global

Límite normalidad - prealerta Límite prealerta - alerta

Límite alerta - emergencia Indicador global

Índ

ice

de

esta

do

Alerta

Prealerta

Normalidad

Emergencia

7. FLOOD PROTECTION PLAN

15 BIG DAMS6 BIG CHANNELS

8. AUTHOMATIC HYDROLOGICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM

Remote sensing stations 135Captured variables 2.872

CONTROL POINTS

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK

L. A. NETWORK

HISPASAT

STATIONS CHS

REMOTE STATIONS

DATA PROCESSING CENTER C.H.S

3G

SCADA

WIMAX

HUB-MADRID

VOICE VHF

8. AUTHOMATIC HYDROLOGICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM

NOGALTE RAMBLA (DRY RIVERBED)

28 September 2012 Flood. NOGALTE RAMBLA

2.500 m3/s


• What are the main lessons learnt in this real case?

BRAZIL CASE STUDYMr. Nelton FRIEDRICH

• What are the main results you have reached in AGUA BOA?

• What were the main barriers in building the cooperation agreement that is required for the Cultivando Agua program to be agreed and implemented?


• Do stakeholders really perceive the benefits of better water quality and lower erosion levels? Are they able to convert that into new income raising opportunities?

• Are there some winners and losers from this program?


• In case the answer is yes: how do the less favored ones reacted to the program? What has been done to guarantee a durable consensus?

• What do you think can be replicable in another cases?

MEXICO CASE STUDYMr. Jorge A. HIDALGO

• What is the real start situation existing in Mexico in SFA (water finance system)?

• Which steps have been done for Users assume the O&M -operation and maintenance costs?

MEXICO CASE STUDYMr. Jorge A. HIDALGO

• And how you are recovering the costs of Government actions?

• And for hidraulic works, what are you doing for their cost recovery?

• Which other actions are you doing for improve governnce and IWRM in Mexico?

• WRAP UP AND CONCLUSIONS

Denise Soares, IMTA, México

governments: tomas sancho, wcce, 16th january un water zaragoza conference 2015

Presentations & Public Speaking