government policy, regulations, etc in support of biofuels 1
TRANSCRIPT
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GOVERNMENT POLICY, REGULATIONS, ETC in support of biofuels
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IN PLACE:
Government policy (2007)Statutory Instrument (SI) 42 (2008)Standards for biodiesel and bioethanol (2008)
IN PRE-DRAFT:
Biofuels regulatory framework (2009) Technical guidelines for production, storage, transportation and retailing of biofuels (2009)Blending ratios (2009)
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Biofuels Association of Zambia
The Biofuels Association of Zambia (BAZ) is an association of firms, companies and individuals who are producers or service providers in biofuels industry in Zambia.
The Association was registered under the Societies Act of the Laws of Zambia on 25th September 2006, with support of Government through the Ministry of Energy and Water Development.
The Association dialogues with Government and other stakeholders to promote the interests of the biofuels industry.
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CHOICE OF LIQUID BIOFUELS FEEDSTOCKS
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In general, the choice of biofuels feed stocks in a given country depends on:
•National econo-political interests;
•Level of appreciation of the significance of biofuels industry in national economy;
•Agronomic and climatic conditions; and
•Knowledge/technology base to economically produce biofuels from identified feedstocks.
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1. Scope of wealth ownership;2. Production technology;3. Job creation;4. Resilience against external disturbances;5. Diversity of products;6. Size of investment;7. Market scope;8. Land requirements;9. Water requirements;10. Food security;11. Geographical coverage of wealth ownership; and12. Environmental protection.
Feedstock Selection Approach in Zambia
Twelve (12) selection criteria considered
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FUEL
Feed C R I T E R I A
SCORE
stock Etc
Biodiesel Jatropha 3000 3 3 3 3 3 3 Etc 33
Oil palm 5000 3 2 3 2 2 2 Etc 24
Etc
Etc
B/ethanol S/cane 10000 3 3 2 1 1 2 Etc 21
S Sorghum 3000 3 3 3 2 2 3 Etc 27
Cassava 3800 3 3 3 2 3 3 Etc 27
Etc
Etc
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In general, the best feedstock should be one that NET empowers all players across the board, from small to large.
MONOPOLISTIC feedstocks are a possible breeding ground for UNSUSTAINABLE biofuels industry.
Quantified assessment of 1st generation feedstocks
Feedstock Selection Approach in Zambia (Continued)
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Preferred (NOT EXCLUSIVE) Biofuels Feedstocks for Zambia
Sugarcane Cassava Sweet sorghum
(Some) Bioethanol Feedstocks
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(Some) Oil/Biodiesel Feedstocks
Palm Jatropha Castor 9
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Land Requirements
FEEDSTOCKYIELD
(litres/ha)LAND FOR 100% SINGLE
FEEDSTOCK (Ha)
LAND FOR 10% SINGLE FEEDSTOCK BLENDING
(Ha)
Sugarcane 6,000 30,000 3,000
Cassava (rain fed) 5,000 36,000 3,600
Sweet sorghum (rain fed) 4,000 45,000 4,500
Bioethanol (PETROL: 180,023,209 litres in 2009)
Biodiesel (DIESEL: 509,291,904 litres in 2009)
FEEDSTOCK YIELD (litres/ha)
LAND FOR 100% SINGLE FEEDSTOCK
(ha)
LAND FOR 10% SINGLE FEEDSTOCK BLENDING
(Ha)
Palm 4,500 114,000 11,400
Jatropha (r/fed) 2,500 200,000 20,000
Castor (rain fed) 1,200 425,000 42,50010
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Major Products and Byproducts of Liquid Biofuels Industry
• Liquid biofuels• Biogas• Electricity• Organic fertiliser• Charcoal• Animal fodder• Fibre
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CakeNo
Cake
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Biodiesel
Jatropha seedsJatropha oil extraction
Jatropha cake
Organic fertilizer
Electricity
Charcoal
Slurry
Biogas
Gas cooker
Soap
Mosquito repellant
Oil
Glycerol
1500 uses
EXAMPLE
All major energy forms are available in biofuels industry !!
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If the Zambian Government puts in appropriate incentives, Zambians will get a result
For Example
European biogas electricity production in 2006 was 17,272 GWh per year, of which 7,338 GWh was by Germany alone.
Biogas now represents 1.2% of the annual production of electricity and nearly 10percent of renewable energy, with an installed power close to 1,500 MW.
In particular, this success is due to efficient regulations, intended to promote renewable energies.
In fact, the German law stipulates the purchase price per kWh by energy distributing companies for 20 years.
This price takes into account the ‘green’ nature of the energy and recompenses the operators, based on efficiency, technological innovation and agricultural re-conversion criteria.http://www.engineerlive.com/Energy-Solutions/Waste-to-Energy/Biogas_electricity_production_hits_17_272GWh_a_year_in_Europe_/20788/13
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Every Zambian Can Participate
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Jatropha as a Field
Jatropha as a Hedge Jatropha as an Intercrop
Plantation ownership
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SIMPLE TECHNOLOGIES
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Yenga press to extract oilOil pressed from Jatropha
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Oil filtration
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FROM: Kakute in Arusha, Tanzania
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THE LIQUID BIOFUELS MARKET
National Market International Market
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