government of the canary islands tourism and the coastal line: the limits for growth faustino...
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Government of the Canary Islands
Tourism and the coastal line: the limits for growth
Faustino García Márquez
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UNESCO 1993
UNESCO 2002
UNESCO 2000 UNESCO 2005
4 Biosphere Reserves, 1 Natural heritage of humanity 4 National Parks146 Protected natural areas (41% of the territory)
Areas with european community interest, Special Protection Areas for birds (SPA), Areas of interest for birds
Environmental end economic value of the territory
UNESCO 2007
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inhabitants 1900 - 2001 - (2021)
0
250000
500000
750000
1000000
1250000
1500000
1750000
2000000
2250000
2500000
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021
Canarias Lanzarote Fuerteven
1991-2001: Pájara x 2’8 Fuerteventura x 1’8 Antigua x 2’5 Lanzarote x 1’6 Yaiza x 2’4 Canarias x 1’2 Adeje x 2’3
La Oliva x 2’2
x 10
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Tourist demand evolution 1960 - 2005
69.000
821.000
2.521.000
5.605.000
12.000.000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2005(ISTAC)
Unlimited growth cycle run out 1960 - 2000
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total: 394.680
Economic pressure regular tourism 2003
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RETAINING GROWTH
goal: sustainable development = retaining growth
instrument: regional settlement policy
Settlement FrameworkGeneral: natural resources and territory Tourism: dominant economic activity
Precautionary measure: tourist deadline: “moratoria turística” (stopping
authorisations)
approval:Law 19/2003, 14th April
Limits for growth: instruments
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SUSTAINABLE TERRITORY
1. SUSTAINABLE TERRITORIAL SYSTEMurban system, multidimensional and balanced rural profitable system, diversified and preservedinfrastructure and services system equal accesibility
2. CONSUMPTION LIMITATIONcompactness: consumption reduction of new landefficiency: more intensive use of the already used land
3. QUALIFICATIONcomplexity: mixture of uses, groups and typologiesparticipation: in the whole process of settlement and managementenvironmental quality: landscape as settlement goal, residential and historical areas qualification
General settlement framework goals
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LIMITING THE LAND CONSUMPTION
1. Reduction of existing land designated for buildingdisqualification of land designated for building not used
2. Limitation of new land designated for buildinggeneral limits: islands / municipalities land designated for building
250 m2 urban + potentially urban/ inhabitantlimit: demography, 10 years building and housingcoastal line: not in 500 metres not occupied coastal line
3. Efficiency and urban recyclingefficiency and compactness: intensive building typologies,
compact and complex traditional urban morphologies, minimum municipal urban densities
maxima: 400 inhab/ha, 1’2 m2c/m2
recycling: priority urban areas low density renovationmaxima: 500 inhab/ha, 1’5 m2c/m2
general settlement framework measures
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SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
1. SUSTAINABLE TRANSFORMATION MODEL competitiveness: satisfaction (diversification, products)integration: resident population interestqualification: tourist city, tourist offer, destinationsectorial planification and territorial framework
2. RETAINING GROWTHglobal: island/municipality “weigh capacity” temporary: maximum anual rhythm of growth land consumption: disqualification/ no new qualification
3. EFICIENT USE OF BUILT AREASurban rehabilitation: strategies, settlement, managementbuilding renovation: incentives and obligation
Tourism settlement framework goals
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RETAINING AND EFFICIENCY
1. Retaining land consumptiondisqualification of land designated for building not usedprohibition of new classification for land designated for building
2. Retaining the tourist offerreduction: expired authorisations and non executed licensestotal limitation: “weigh capacity”temporary limitation: anual rhythm authorisations (triennial law)2003-2006: 0 growth tourist islands
3. Efficiency and urban recyclingurban rehabilitation: building renewal lever effect
previous tourist strategydetailed settlement and coordinated management
buiding renewal: diversification effectincentives: potentially building / transfer of congested areaseconomic and labour incentives programmesobligation: non integrated owners compulsory renovation
Tourism settlement framework measures
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Awareness of the limitations/necessities
1. sustainability like a process
changed model (growth culture > limits culture)process: progress and recessions
institutional leadership (assumed / compulsory)social awareness (conformism and demand)
2. policy settlemento like an instrumentregional settlement: frame / reference (essential)effectiveness: effective participation
direct measures (clasification / authorisation)guideline measures (medium/long term)
3. compromise as a necessityinteligent agentscoherent professionalsgeneral interest public servantsdemanding citizens (conviction and pressure)
Limits and limitations
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o Thank you for your attention
o Questions?