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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS JOURNAL NO. 12

JANUARY 1, 2006/POUSH 11, SAKA 1927

2

OFFICIAL NOTICES

Sub: Notice is given under Rule 41(1) of Geographical Indications of goods (Registration & Protection) Rules 2002.

1. As per the requirement of Rule 41(1), it is informed that the Issue No.8 of the Geographical Indications Journal dated 1st September 2005/Bhadra 10,Saka 1927 has been made available to the public from 21st October 2005, which date is hereby certified by the Registrar of Geographical Indications.




5. As per the requirement of Rule 41(1), it is informed that the Issue No.12 of the Geographical Indications Journal dated 1st January 2006/Poush 11,Saka 1927 has been made available to the public from 21st January 2006 which date is hereby certified by the Registrar of Geographical Indications.

Issue of Registration Certificate :-(i) It is hereby certified that entry has been made in Part A of the

Register of Geographical Indications that Viswabrahmana Aranmula Metal Mirror Nirman Society, Viswabrahmana Buildings, S.Fort, Aranmula, Kerala is the registered proprietor for ARANMULA KANNADI (ARANMULA METAL MIRROR) for the goods Mirror falling in Class 20 under GI Application No.3 as of date 8th December 2003.

(ii) It is hereby certified that entry has been made in Part A of the Register of Geographical Indications that Salem Exporters Association, 108, Sivanar Main Road, Gugai, Salem – 636 006 is the registered proprietor for SALEM FABRIC for the goods Textile and Textile Goods falling in Class 24 under GI Application No.5 as of date 12th February 2004.

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(iii) It is hereby certified that entry has been made in Part A of the Register of Geographical Indications that Textile Development Foundation, 79, Jodbasavanna Chowk, Raviwar Peth, Solapur – 413 005 is the registered proprietor for SOLAPUR CHADDAR for the goods Textile and Textile Goods falling in Class 24 under GI Application No.8 as of date 5th April 2004.

(iv) It is hereby certified that entry has been made in Part A of the Register of Geographical Indications that Textile Development Foundation, 79, Jodbasavanna Chowk, Raviwar Peth, Solapur – 413 005 is the registered proprietor for SOLAPUR TERRY TOWEL for the goods Textile and Textile Goods falling in Class 24 under GI Application No.9 as of date 20th May 2004.

(v) It is hereby certified that entry has been made in Part A of the Register of Geographical Indications that Karnataka Silk Industries Corporation Ltd., (A Government of Karnataka Enterprise), III & IV Floor, Public Utility Building, M.G.Road, Bangalore – 560 001, Karnataka State is the registered proprietor for MYSORE SILK for the goods Raw Silk Yarn falling in Class.23, Textile and Textile Goods including Sarees falling in Class.24 and Readymade garments, made ups, ties falling in Class.25 under GI Application No.11 as of date 22nd July 2004.

(vi) It is hereby certified that entry has been made in Part A of the Register of Geographical Indications that H.P. Patent Information Centre, State Council for Science, Technology & Environment, B-34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, Shimla – 171009 is the registered proprietor for KULLU SHAWL for the goods Textile and Textile Goods falling in Class.24 under GI Application No.19 as of date 10th

December 2004.

(vii) It is hereby certified that entry has been made in Part A of the Register of Geographical Indications that Department of Handlooms and Textiles, Government of Tamil Nadu, Kuralagam, IInd Floor, Esplanade, Chennai – 600 108 is the registered proprietor for MADURAI SUNGUDI for the goods Textile and Textile Goods falling in Class.24 and Clothing including Sarees and Rumal falling in Class.25 under GI Application No.21 as of date 24th January 2005.

(viii) It is hereby certified that entry has been made in Part A of the Register of Geographical Indications that H.P. Patent Information Centre, State Council for Science, Technology & Environment, B-34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, Shimla – 171009 is the registered proprietor for KANGRA TEA for the goods Tea falling in Class.30 under GI Application No.25 as of date 11th February 2005.

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G.I APPLICATION DETAILS :-

G.I. Application

No.

Name of Geographical

Indication

Class Goods

1 Darjeeling(Word) 30 Tea

2 Darjeeling (Logo) 30 Tea

3 Arumula Metal Mirror 20 Metal Mirror

4 Pochampally Ikat 24

25

27

Textile and Textile Goods

Clothing including Sarees

and Rumal

Carpet, Rugs and Mats

5 Salem Fabric 24 Textile and Textile Goods

6 Payyannur Pavithra Ring 14 Jwellary

7 Chanderi Sarees 24 Sarees

8 Solarpur Chaddar 24 Textile and Textile Goods

9 Solarpur Terry Towel 24 Textile and Textile Goods

10 Kotpad Handloom Fabric 24 Textile and Textile Goods

11 Mysore Silk 23

24

25

Raw Silk Yarn


including Sarees

Readymade garments,

made ups, ties

12 Kota Doria 24

25


Clothing

14 Basmati Rice 30 Rice

15 Kancheepuram Silk 24

25



& Rumal

16 Bhavani Jamakkalam 24

27


Carpets, Rugs, Mats &

Matting

5

17 Navara Rice 30 Rice

13 and 18 Mysore Agarbathi

“Word” and “Logo”

3 Agarbathi/ Oodabathi

19 Kullu Shawl 24 Textile and Textile Goods

20 Bidriware 6

21

34

Boxes, Statues, Statuettes,

Busts made of Metal

Flower Vass, Trays

Cigar Can and Ashtrays

made of Metal

21 Madurai Sungudi 24

25



& Rumal

22 Orissa Ikat 23

24

25

Yarn & Threads Tied and

Dyed for Textile Use

Textile & Textile Goods

Clothing

23 Channapatna Toys and

Dolls

28 Toys and Dolls

24 Mysore Rosewood Inlay 19

20

27

28

Doors, Partition Screens &

Veneers of Wood

Statues, Statuettes of Wood

& Furniture

Wall Hangings of Wood

Jhoolas (Swings) & Toys

25 Kangra Tea 30 Tea

26 Coimbatore Wet Grinders 7 Wet Grinders

27 Pulkari 26 Pulkari Embroidery

28 Kalamkari 24

25

27


Clothing

Furnishings, Bags, Covers,

6

Cloth Envelops,

Handicraft Items, Wall

Panels, Wall Hangings,

Wall Paintings

29 Mysore Sandlwood Oil

(Word & Logo)

3 Essential Oil

30 Mysore Sandl Soap

(Word & Logo)

3 Soap

31 Kasuti Embroidery -

Karnataka

26 Embroidery

32 Mysore Traditional

Paintings

16 Paintings

33 Coorg Orange 31 Horticulture Product –

Orange

34 Mysore Betal Leaf 31 Horticulture Product –

Betal Leaf

35 Nanjanagud Banana 31 Horticulture Product -

Banana

36 Palakkadan Matta Rice 30 Rice

37 Madhubani Paintings 16 Paintings

38, 39, 41

and 42

Jam Nagar - Logo 4 Petrol, Fuel, LPG and

Diesel

40 Krishna Godavari Gas 4 Fuel

43 PISCO 33 Alcoholic Beverage

44 Kondapalli Bommallu

(Toys)

16

20

27

Stationery, Artist

Materials, Instructing &

Teaching Material;

Printing Blocks

Goods (not included in

other classes) of Wood

7

28 Wall hangings (non-textile)

Games, Playthings,

sporting articles not

included in other classes;

decoration of Christmas

trees

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PUBLIC NOTICE

It is brought to the notice of all concerned that a priced publication of Geographical Indications Journal is available from July 2004. It would be a bi-monthly publication. The cost of each Journal is Rs.150/- (Rupees One Fifty Only). The cost of the Annual Subscription is Rs.900 (Rupees Nine Hundred Only). There will be six issues annually. Interested parties who are desirous of subscribing the Annual Subscription for the above Journal may forward a Demand Draft which should be drawn in favour of “Registrar of Geographical Indications” Payable at Chennai.

The public can also remit cash at the counter of Geographical Indications Registry, Intellectual Property Office Building, Industrial Estate, SIDCO RMD Godown Area, G.S.T Road, Guindy, Chennai – 600 032 on all working days.

For any further information in this regard please contact:-

The Assistant Registrar of Geographical Indications,Geographical Indications Registry, Intellectual Property Office Building, Industrial Estate, G.S.T Road, Guindy, Chennai – 600 032 Tel: 2232 1992, 93 &96 Fax No: 2232 1991 E-mail: [email protected].

Sd. ___________ (S.CHANDRASEKARAN)

Registrar of Geographical Indications

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PUBLIC NOTICE

The general public is hereby informed that the Geographical Indications Registry,

Chennai under the Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Department of Industrial Policy &

Promotion, Government of India located at No.443, Guna Complex, Annex-I, 1st Floor,

Annasalai, Teynampet, Chennai – 18, has been shifted to new location at the address

given below from 1st August 2005.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OFFICE BUILDING,

INDUSTRIAL ESTATE,

SIDCO RMD GODOWN AREA,

G.S.T. ROAD, GUINDY, CHENNAI - 600 032

Phone: 22321992,93,96 Fax: 22321991.

The notification is given under Rule 38(2) and 38(3) of the Geographical

Indication of Goods (Registration and Protection) Rules, 2002

It is brought to the notice of all concerned that the Registrar may put the

published Geographical Indications Journal on the internet, website or any other

electronic media after the publication of this notification. The Registrar may also make

available the Geographical Indications Journal in CD-ROM after this notification.

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Enrolment of Geographical Indications Agents

The Online services in Geographical Indications Registry has already beencommenced and steps have been taken to update the Database of Agents Module. Youare requested to take appropriate steps to enroll yourself as Geographical IndicationsAgent as per Rule 103 (1) and Rule 103 (2). In that connection, you are requested tofurnish the necessary documents after filing up the required Forms which are alsoavailable in our website www.girindia.in.

You are requested to take immediate steps within 30 days of issuance of thiscommunication.

This has the approval of the Competent Authority

GI-APPLICATION NUMBER - 22

Application is made by The Orissa State Handloom Weavers Co-op. Society

Ltd., (BOYANIKA) for the registration in Part A of the register of Orissa Ikat under

Application No.22 in respect of Yarn & Threads Tied and Dyed for Textile Use

falling in Class.23, Textile & Textile Goods falling in Class.24 and Clothing falling

in Class. 25 is hereby advertised as accepted under sub-section (1) of section 13 of

Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 .

Applicant : The Orissa State Handloom Weavers Co-op.

Society Ltd., (BOYANIKA)

Address : BOYANA BHAWAN

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Marg,

Bhubaneswar – 751001, Orissa.

Geographical Indication : ORISSA IKAT

Class : 23, 24 & 25

Goods : Class.23 – Yarn & Threads Tied and Dyed for

Textile Use

Class.24 – Textile & Textile Goods

Class.25 - Clothing

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I. (a) Name of the Applicant : The Orissa State Handloom Weavers Co-op.

Society

Ltd., (BOYANIKA)

(b) Address : Boyan Bhawan

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Marg,

Bhubaneswar – 751001, Orissa.

(c ) List of association of persons/

Producers/ organization/authority: To be provided on request.

(d)Type of goods : Textiles

(e) Specification :

Sl.No

Variety of Products

Description of Designs

Type of Raw

materials/Yarn used

Count of Yarn

Type of Dye use

Remarks

1 2 3 4 5 6 71

1(b)

Saree

KhanduaSaree

i. Single Ikat Saree with or without dobby and butta body with bandha plain/ buty body bandha anchal.

ii. Combined & Double Ikat Saree with or without dobby and butta body with bandha plain/buty body bandha anchal. Single Ikat body bandha/plain

Cotton

Silk

Cotton

Silk

Silk

2/120s,2/100s,2/80s, 60s, 40s.3 ply organgine x 4 ply charkha.

2/120s,2/100s,2/80s, 60s, 40s.3 ply organzine x 4 ply charkha

Vat,Napthal

Acid & MetalComplex

Vat,Napthal

Acid & MetalComplex

Acid & MetalComplex

18-20dr20-22dr

12

body with bandha anchal 2 ply

organzine4 ply Malda

2(a)

DressMaterial

i. Single Ikat 48 inch width x running length

ii. Combined & Double Ikat (warp & weft Ikat) .

Cotton

SilkCotton x TassarCotton x Silk

2/120s,2/100s,2/80s, 60s, 40s.3 ply organgine x 4 ply charkha.

Corea/China SilkTassar/Native Tassar(2/120s & 2/100scotton for bandha.

Vat,Napthal

Acid

MetalComplex

2(b)

Stoles,Scarfs and Dupatta

Single & double Ikat& combined Ikat

Cotton

SilkCotton x TassarCotton x Silk

2/120s,2/100s,2/80s, 60s, 40s.3 ply organgine x 4 ply charkha.Corea/China SilkTassar/Native Tassar(2/120s & 2/100scotton for bandha.

Vat,Napthal

Acid

MetalComplex

2(c)

ThreepieceDress Set

Single & double Ikat& combined Ikat

Cotton

SilkCotton x

2/120s,2/100s,2/80s, 60s, 40s.3 ply organgine x 4 ply

Vat,Napthal

Acid

13

TassarCotton x Silk

charkha.Corea/China SilkTassar/Native Tassar(2/120s & 2/100scotton for bandha.

MetalComplex

3 HomeFurnishings

Single/Double Ikat/Association of both.

Cotton 2/20s,2/40s,2/60s,2/80s, 20s (double),26s(double),2/17 NF, 10s

Vat,Napthal

&

Napthol

4 BedCovers

Single/Double Ikat& combined Ikat 48” x 90” 60” x 90” 72” x 90” 90” x 108”

Cotton 2/20s, 2/17 NF, 2/40s, 2/60s,2/80s,20s double,26s double,40s double.

Napthol

(f) Name of the geographical indication (and particulars) :

Orissa Ikat is being produced in the Western Region covering Baragarh,

Sambalpur, Jharsuguda, Sonepur, Bolangir, Boudh, Nuapada and Kalahandi

District and Coastal region covering Cuttack District of Orissa State.

g) Description of the goods :

(i) Handloom Sarees having body as plain/buty /bandha (single & double

Ikat) border as badi border with or without temple with dobby design/bandha

(single & double Ikat) and anchal as bandha (single & double Ikat & Combined

Ikat).

(ii) Handloom dress materials with single & double Ikat & combined Ikat with or

without buty.

14

(iii)Handloom Scrafs/dupattas/stoles with body and anchal having single &

double Ikat combined Ikat On Cotton, Silk and Tassar with or without border.

(iv) Home furnishings with single & double Ikat & combined Ikat covering items

like door and window screen, sofa and table cover, cushion cover, table mats,

kitchen linens etc.

(v) Handloom handkerchiefs, bed covers, lungis and napkins with single & double

Ikat & combined Ikat.

(h) Geographical area of production and Map as shown in the page No. 18

Orissa Ikat is being produced in the Western Region covering Baragarh,

Sambalpur, Jharsuguda, Sonepur, Bolangir, Boudh, Nuapada and Kalahandi

District and Coastal region covering Cuttack District of Orissa State.

Ikat Area : Latitude – 19 54’ min North to 22 06’ min North

Longitude - 82 30’ min East to 85 54’ min East

(i) Proof of origin [Historical records] :

The Ikat is a Malayalam word introduced into Europian language by

Rouffair which is derived from the word “Mangikat” meaning to bind, knoot or

wind round. In India it is known in the name of “Bandhini” in Malayan Peninsula

Tjindai, Tjinde or Chindi and in Indonesia “Hol”.

In India, the Ikat fabrics are produced in different names at different places.

It is known as “Potala” in Gujurat, “Bandhini” in Rajstan, “Pagudubandhu”,

“Budhabus” and “Chitki” in Andhra Pradesh and “Bandha” in Orissa. Bandha

fabrics of Orissa are done by Bhulia Meher Kustha, Ganda, Salvi, Gaudia-Patra,

Asani-Patra, Padmasali and Devanga Weavers.

The list of fabrics in “Jyotiris vara’s Varna Ratnakar written in Eastern India

in the early 14th century A.D in Maithili gives a list of “Bandha” fabrics namely

surya Vandha and Gaja Vandha. The names Vichitra and Vichitrangada appearing

in the same list have been linked with the Vichitrapuri (also known as Vichitrapar)

15

Saree available in old undivided Sambalpur and Bolangir District of Orissa. While

Gaja (Elephant) is a popular motif used in Ikat Technique (bandha) of Nuapatna

and its surrounding areas in coastal Cuttack District.

The very existence of Calligraphy Ikat is closely associated with Lord

Jagannath. The historical documents in this context belongs to Ramachandradev,

the second, who ruled over Puri, which dates back to 1641 Sakabda i.e 1719 A.D.

This document is a part of “Madala Panji”, the daily diary of activities in the

temple of Lord Jagannath. Jaydev, the great Poet (12th Century A.D.) had offered

fabrics with lyrics of the Gita Govinda woven in Ikat Technique to the deities, Lord

Jagannath, Balavadra and Devi Subhadra. Since then, it is in tradition and

prevailing till date.

One more illustrative historical evidence of Ikat Technique in Orissa

prevailing in Nuapatna area of Cuttack District is “the Kotual families preserve a

small piece of fabric woven by each member of the fore fathers up to last 7

generations. When the death occurs to the head of the family, his successor adds

his fabric removing the fabric woven by the earliest fore father and immerse it in

holy rivers”.

The following supportive documents have been submitted along with the

application:

1. Study of Contemporary Textile Crafts of India – Ikat Fabrics of Orissa

and Andhra Pradesh by Dr. Moti Chandra, 1974.

2. Orissa District Gazetteers of Sambalpur, Balangir and Cuttack.

3. The Orissan Art of Weaving by Dr. Keshab Chandra Meher

(j) Method of Production :

The techniques, by which the Ikat fabrics in Orissa are produced, are described

below :-

16

(1) Grouping of Threads, which are to be used as tied and dyed warp or weft.

For production of a design of 10 (ten) repeats warp wise, we have to group

ten threads, each one of which is meant for one repeat. This group of ten threads is

taken and warped maintaining uniform tension, so that the figure should not be

distorted during weaving. Secondly, the length and width of yarn displaying in

warp is so adjusted that the figure can be brought as required by tying them

properly and then by dyeing. The most essential thing during warping is leasing of

threads, the objectives of which is described below :-

(i) To separate each thread,

(ii) To separate group of threads of one repeat to another repeat.

(iii) To separate the threads of two groups on subgroups for purpose of tying

and dyeing and

(iv) To separate the sub-groups.

(2) Tying of Threads :- The main craftsmanship lies in the tying the threads in

proper position, meant for designing every time follows by a dyeing. The no. of

tying depends upon no. of colours i.e dyeing to be used for the yarn. Suppose we

want to produce a design in which, a group of threads is to be in three colours like

green, red and blue, then to obtain best result for figuring the tying and dyeing are

carried out basing upon lighter to dipper shades. The lighter shades are to be dyed

first, so all the portions are tied excluding the places for lightest shade. Tying is

done by rubber or leaf of Kewda, so tightly and properly that no colour solutions

can penetrate into the tied portion by any means. The dyeing is effected as usual in

the case of yarn dyeing.

In the figure, all the portions are tied excluding 1 and KL. After tying the

yarn is dyed to obtain green shade (lightest among the three) at the portion CD

and KL. Similar operations are carried out to obtain red and blue subsequently at

their respective places. Hence, it is obvious the increased no. of colours used in

bringing out will increase the operations of tying and dyeing.

17

(3) Weaving :- In single Ikat, the tied and dyed yarn is utilized in warp or weft. In

weaving of weft tie and dye fabrics, it is necessary to place each successive pick on

exact position in succession in relation to the previous one. A lateral shift will

distort the figure. Therefore weft tie and dye fabric production is a slow process,

but owing to exact observations of pick insertions, it gives more prominent figures.

In warp tie and dye the process of weaving is easier and fast as it requires

no adjustment. So production is more. It does not give prominent figures, because

the figures are distorted due to lack of uniform tension upon warp ends during

weaving.

In double Ikat & combined Ikat or in fabrics in which designs are all over,

both the warp and weft threads are essential to be tied and dyed. The double Ikat

& combined Ikat fabric are produced by utilizing both the principles of weft and

warp tie and dye, so it requires much more time than the single ikat fabric.

(k) Uniqueness :

1. Orissa Ikat is not confined to geometrical design, rather fine, sharp

artistic curvilinear designs in the form of Lahari, Lata (creeper),

Ghagara, Deuli (temple) etc. are its special characteristic.

2. Figures as well as letters (calligraphy) of any shape and colour are easily

produced with full prominence and accuracy. Grouping of threads for

tying and dying in Orissa Ikat is carried out in minimum two and

maximum four threads, which technique is not prevailing in any other

ikat producing state in the country.

3. the harmonious blending of colours giving out a rainbow brilliance

make Orissa Ikat unique.

4. Shaded effect in floral motifs is a peculiarity.

5. Calligraphy on Tie and Dye Fabrics/ Wall Hangings is produced only

on Orissa Ikat.

6. Use of Ikat in Tassar Fabric.

18

7. Use of Ikat in Jute fabric.

8. Effect of combined ikat (warp ikat, weft ikat and double ikat in a single

fabric) is its exclusiveness.

(l) Inspection Body :

The applicants have informed that they are towards the establishment of an

Inspection Structure in consultation with the following :

(i) Technical guidance from Weavers Service Centre, Bhubaneswar

(ii) Textile Committee, Bhubaneswar

The External Members from the following organizations will also be included :

1. District Rural Development Agency (DRDA)

2. National Handloom Development Corporation (NHDC)

(m) Other :

Informed that steps have been taken for ISO Certification.

Recommendations have been made for obtaining the Certificate to maintain

Quality parameters.

19

GI-APPLICATION NUMBER - 27

Application is made by Punjab Small Scale Industries & Export Corporation

Limited for the registration in Part A of the register of Phulkari under Application

No.27 in respect of Embroidery falling in Class. 26 is hereby advertised as accepted

under sub-section (1) of section 13 of Geographical Indications of Goods

(Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 .

Applicant : Punjab Small Scale Industries & Export Corporation

Limited

Represented by

K & S Partners,

84-C, C-6 Lane, Off Central Avenue,

Sainik Farms,

New Delhi – 110 062, India

Address : 18, Himalaya Marg, Udyog Bhavan, Sector 17, Chandigarh

Geographical Indication : PHULKARI

Class : 26

Goods : Embroidery

21

I. (a) Name of the Applicant : Punjab Small Scale Industries & Export

Corporation Limited

(b) Address : 18, Himalaya Marg, Udyog Bhavan,

Sector 17, Chandigarh

(c ) List of association of persons/

Producers/ organization/authority: To be provided on request

(d)Type of goods : Handicraft

((e) Specification :

Phulkari is a traditional embroidery work with intricate and original

geometric or floral designs and patterns, balanced to composition, pleasing and

harmonious colour combinations. The stitches are even, regular and smooth which

is reflected at the back of the Phulkari. Only faint and smooth lines of very small

dots at regular intervals will be formed on the reverse of the cloth where Phulkari

is done.


“PHULKARI” means “flower working” or “flower embroidery”. This art form

originated in Punjab as early as the 15th century. This form of embroidery has more

than twenty three patterns which are skillfully reproduced by artisans trained in

this art for several generations.

g) Description of the goods :

There are two types of PHULKARI – ordinary PHULKARI and Bagh PHULKARI.

In the case of ordinary PHULKARI, the embroidery does not cover the entire

ground cloth. The designs are scattered over the ground cloth and the same is

visible. On the other hand, in the case of a Bagh, the embroidery is so dense that

the ground cloth is hardly visible. The beauty of an ordinary PHULKARI or Bagh

22

lies in its intricate and original geometric or floral designs and patterns, balanced

composition, pleasing and harmonious colour combinations, which makes it an

exquisite work of art. The most important notable thing in PHULKARI is the

skilful embroidery which takes years to perfect. The stitches must be even, regular

and smooth which is reflected at the back of the PHULKARI. In the best

embroidered PHULKARI, only faint and smooth lines of very small dots at regular

intervals will be formed on the reverse of the cloth.

PHULKARI embroidery traditionally employs various motifs for ordinary

PHULKARI and Bagh. Some of these motifs and their details are as follows:

a) The Chope: This is usually presented to the bride from her

grandmother during a ceremony before the wedding. It is

embroidered with straight, two-sided line stitch and appears in the

same manner on the reverse. The wedding chope is the largest in size

of all the different Baghs and PHULKARIs. Only the border is

embroidered and the centre is left plain. It is usually red in colour

and worn as a veil. The embroidery is along the corners. There are

two distinct types – one has geometrical patterns all over and the

other has a lotus mandala in the centre with human figures, animal

and bird motifs all around. Double running-stitch or chain stitch is

used to form the outline of figures of human beings, animals, birds,

etc., and the space is filled up generally in darning but sometimes

with satin stitch also. Sometimes stem stitch or long stem stitch or

satin stitch is also used to embroider the edges or to form a part of

the side border. Blanket stitch or button-hole stitch is used for

finishing the edges. Ordinarily, running stitch is used to join the

different embroidered parts of PHULKARI.

b) Vari-da-bagh (Bagh of the trousseau): This is done on a red cloth with

golden yellow embroidery symbolizing happiness and fertility. The

23

entire cloth is covered in a lozenge design with smaller ones within

the border and is again intricately worked in different colours. In

some complicated designs each bigger lozenge is divided into three

concentric sections. The innermost lozenge is sub divided into four

small squares. Different patterns are embroidered on side borders

and pallus (end borders). It is a very laborious item and takes more

than a year to embroider. Nowadays it is treated as a family

heirloom and is ceremoniously draped over every daughter-in-law

immediately after the marriage ceremony is over. It is a creation of

maternal love since it is embroidered by the grandmother and is

presented to the bride of the grandson at the time of the marriage.

c) Ghunghat Bagh or sari-pallu (covering for the head): It has a small

border on all four sides. In the centre of each side which covers the

head, a large triangular motif is worked and the rest of the field is

unembroidered. The embroidered portion in the centre covers the

face whenever veil is drawn over it. Ghunghat Bagh is known as sari-

pallu in East Punjab. It has bigger pallus on both the ends and two

outer bands of the cloth are fully embroidered in the Bagh fashion

with triangles and lozenges in multiple colours. The central band

which is comparatively narrower than Ghunghat Bagh is filled up

with motifs of animals, birds, jewellery or human figures.

d) Bawan Bagh (‘fifty-two’ in Punjabi) : It is a unique kind of Bagh with

many geometrical patterns. In this Bagh fifty two different

geometrical patterns are embroidered. The field is divided into 42 or

48 boxes or squares with each square containing a different pattern in

multiple colors. The remaining patterns are embroidered in the

pallus and side borders. This Bagh requires a very expert and

versatile embroiderer.

24

e) Darshan Dwar (the gate offering a view of the deity): It is usually for

presentation in temples or to adorn the walls of the home when the

Shri Guru Grantha Sahib (holy book of the Sikhs) is brought to a

house. The gate motif has been inspired by the arched verandahs of

the temples. It is again, always on a red cloth. The architectural

design depicts two outer panels of all gates with arched tops. The

bases face each other with motifs of humans, animals, birds, flowers

etc., giving the impression of passing through a crowded street being

watched by men and women standing in the gates of their houses.

The top of the gate is heavy and consists of geometrical pattern of

lozenges and triangles worked in multiple colours. The gates and

side borders are done in yellow coloured cotton thread in ‘trellis’ (a

wooden frame to wrap the thread), revealing small lozenges of red

colour of the ground and the ground cloth becomes an intrinsic part

of the design. The rest of the embroidery is done with silk threads of

various colours. The number of gates varies from 4 to 7 in each panel

depending upon the size of gates and size of cloth. In the triangular

space left in- between the side border and the top of the two gates,

similar motifs of the gate, but much smaller in size, are embroidered

in the opposite direction.

f) Suber is a PHULKARI worn by the bride during the time of the

marriage rites in front of the fire or the Granth Sahib. It comprises

five floral motifs, one in the centre and one each in the four corners.

g) Chamba is a hybrid PHULKARI having a series of wavy creepers,

stylized leaves and flowers. It came in vogue during the early part of

the 20th century.

h) Surajmukhi (sunflower) is a cross between a chope and ordinary Bagh

in brilliant yellow. This is embroidered in different colours. Large

25

size lozenges are embroidered in the field which is sub divided into 9

smaller ones. In the centre of each smaller lozenge another small one

is embroidered in white silk with an outline of black or red thread.

These lozenges and the end borders are embroidered in the true

PHULKARI style of darning stitch over counted threads but all these

lozenges are connected with each other through geometrical patterns

in the chope style of two sided line stitch. The side borders are

embroidered with different coloured lozenges done in the same two

sided line stitch. This combination creates a stunning effect.

i) Mor or tota bagh: Some Baghs and PHULKARIs have a single motif of

a peacock or a parrot or a pigeon or any other bird, which is

embroidered all over the field in number of bands. These Baghs and

PHULKARIs are known by the name of the bird embroidered over

them like Tota (Parrot) Bagh, Mor (Peacock) Bagh, etc.

j) Mirchi bagh, as the name suggests, has chillies in red, orange or green

usually on brown cloth.

k) Belan and parantha symbolize the rolling pin and leavened bread.

l) Ikka or ace of diamonds has been inspired by playing cards.

m) Satranga is a seven coloured PHULKARI

n) Ashrafi Bagh: Round shape red and yellow coloured flower Bagh is

known as Ashrafi Bagh (Mohar or gold coin)

o) Cowrie Bagh: Straight or zig-zag lines of small white lozenges in the

field of a Bagh gave it the name of Cowrie Bagh.

26

p) Dariya (river) Bagh is made up of number of blue coloured zig zag

stripes on white background.

q) Sheesha (Mirror) Bagh which is very closely embroidered in white so

as to give likeliness of mirror.

r) Sheeshedar PHULKARI: This type of PHULKARI has small round

pieces of mat adorned by dull, not bright, mirrors. When this type of

PHULKARIs are worn, these look very attractive and whole world

seems to be reflected in these tiny mirrors. Such type of PHULKARIs

are popular in Hissar and Hansi (Haryana).

s) Nilak PHULKARIs are embroidered on navy blue colour of khadhar.

Beautiful small flowers are embroidered in yellow and red silk

thread.

t) Distt. Hissar of Haryana has a distinction of notable variety of

PHULKARI which is made on woolen cloth instead of khadhar and

embroidery is done with woolen and cotton thread.

u) Genda (Marigold) Bagh, Motia Bagh (Jasmine garden), Dhanya Bagh

(coriander garden), Leheria Bagh (garden of waves), Karela Bagh

(bitter gourd), Gobhi (cauliflower) Bagh, Kakri (Cucumber) Bagh,

Shalimar Bagh, Charbagh Bagh and Chaurasia Bagh, Dhoop-chhaon

Bagh (sunlight and shade), Patedar (stripes) Bagh, Chand (moon)

Bagh, Patang (Kite) Bagh, Saru (Cypress tree) Bagh, Pachranga (five

coloured) Bagh, are other popular type of Baghs.

v) The stalk of wheat or barley with ears is one of the most common

motif present in all the PHULKARIs.

27

w) Besides this, designs inspired by various day to day items, fauna and

flora around us also found their way into this craft.

(h) Geographical area of production and Map as shown in the page No. 30,31 &

32.

Originally, Sikhs were the main practitioners and patrons of this art form.

However, today PHULKARI is made all over Punjab and parts of Haryana and

Rajasthan. In Punjab, it is made in the districts of Amritsar, Jalandhar, Kapurthala,

Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Ferozepur, Bhattinda Mukatsar and Patiala. In Haryana it

is made in the districts of Ambala and Hisar. In Rajasthan, it is made in Ganga

Nagar.

(i) Proof of origin [Historical records] :

There are several historical and literary references to Phulkari embroidery.

One of the early references is by Guru Nanak Devji who wrote in Gurumukhi

“Kadd kasidha paihren choli, Tan tujane nari” which when translated means “Only

when you can embroider your own blouse with the embroidery stitch, will you be accepted

as a woman”.

A reference to the term PHULKARI can also been fond in the famous folk tale

originating from Punjab known as Heer Ranjha. In some contexts this work is also

known as Kashida Kari.

While there are several historical records, the first official record of PHULKARI is

found in the Sir Denzill Ibbeston Glossary of the tribes and castes of the Punjab

and North West Frontier Province wherein he describes the tradition as follows:

“…. customary ….to give Phulkaris and Chopes to their daughters at the time of

marriage”. This reference dates back to 1883.

28

Further, the Journal of Indian Art dating back to the year 1888 in an article written

by Mrs. F. A. Steel also finds a reference to PHULKARI. Mr. S S Hitkari traces the

origin of Phulkari in India can be traced back to early part of 19th century

Apart from the above references, extracts from a prominent and well known

dictionary “Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English

language” describe PHULKARI as “ ..a flower pattern embroidery; a Punjabi

Peasant’s Chador”

Several extracts from the Internet, also describe PHULKARI embroidery and

define it as a work of art originating in the aforesaid region of India.


What distinguishes PHULKARI from any other form of embroidery is the

extensive use of short and long darn stitches over systematically counted strands

of thread on the cloth. The embroidery is done from the wrong / back side of the

cloth with a needle of about 3 inches in length with a long eye. The normal length

of a PHULKARI stitch is half centimeter or about quarter of an inch. Darning

stitch goes in straight lines and not in curves and by its skilful manipulation in

both horizontal and vertical manner, innumerable geometrical patterns are worked

out. The patterns are controlled primarily by the counting of threads. Apart from

darn stitch, quite a number of other stitches such as chain stitch, herringbone

stitch, satin stitch and stem stitch are also used in PHULKARI.

PHULKARI is invariably embroidered on dyed khaddar. The reason for using

khaddar is that counting of strands of thread for embroidery in short and long darn

stitches, which is the main feature of PHULKARI, is easier on coarse khaddar.

Coarse khaddar also avoids the need for using an embroidery frame to hold the

cloth because it does not pucker or pull while embroidering.

29

The most favoured colour of the base cloth is red and its various shades for the

reason that PHULKARIs are mostly used during auspicious occasions such as

marriages and festivals. Silk thread in golden yellow, red, crimson, orange, blue,

violet, green, dark brown and white are usually used.

The traditional PHULKARIs are used as odhinis (veils), shawls bedspreads.

However, since it is a painstaking and time consuming art, the ‘PHULKARI

embroidery’ has emerged on Punjabi suits, dupattas, jackets and skirts with

PHULKARI motifs. Besides garments, other accessories like small bags, purses

and pouches are also designed. Cushion covers, table-cloths, bedspreads and wall

hangings are other important PHULKARI items. Khaddar has been replaced by

fine quality fabrics like terri voils, crapes, chiffons, lizzy bizzy cotton, stain cloth,

silk cloth etc., and embroidery is also done from the front/ right side and after

printing of designs on different fabrics and by using ring frames to hold the same.

PHULKARI is a popular craft in India and in the export markets. PHULKARI

work done on salwar kameezes, duppattas, pillow covers, cushions, jackets, caps, bed

covers etc., are very popular and fetch a premium in the market today. The art

work used in PHULKARI is too unique and distinct that one can easily distinguish

it from other forms of embroidery.

(k) Uniqueness :

Phulkari is embroidered on the wrong side of the coarse fabric generally

in darn stitch

The normal length of Phulkari stitch is 1/2cm or about 1/4th of an inch

Patterns are controlled by counting of threads

The darning stitch is made in straight lines to make geometrical patterns

Phulkari is generally made without the help of a pattern design

30


Punjab Small Industries & Export Corporation Limited (PSIECL) is an

autonomous body of the State Government of Punjab and duly incorporated

under the Companies Act, 1956 for the purpose of promotion of business and

service to industry.

The Applicant by an Office Order has constituted a Committee consisting of a

functional head and two sales managers under the functional head to control high

quality products at different stages including at the time of purchase of raw

materials, designing, printing, finalization of colour schemes, while the

embroidery work is in progress, and finally at the finishing stage. The Applicant

will also incorporate a qualified external member to this Committee.

31

GI – APPLICATION NUMBER – 38

Applications are made by Reliance Industries Limited for the registration in Part A

of the register of Application Nos.38 in respect of Petrol, Fuel, LPG and Diesel

falling in Class.4 merged together to form a single application as per Registrar’s

order dated 2nd December 2005 which was duly accepted by the applicant is

hereby advertised as accepted under sub-section (1) of section 13 of Geographical

Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999.

Applicant : Reliance Industries Limited.

Address : Maker Chamber-IV, 3th Floor, 222, Nariman Point,

Mumbai-400 021.

Geographical Indication :

Class : 4

Goods : Petrol, Fuel, LPG and Diesel

35

I. (a) Name of the Applicant : Reliance Industries Limited.

(b) Address : Maker Chamber-IV, 3th Floor, 222, Nariman

Point, Mumbai-400 021.

(c) List of association of persons/

Producers/ Organization/ authority : To be provided on request.

(d) Type of Goods : Industrial Goods

(e) Specification :

G.I. Application No.38 Specification

Jamnagar - Petrol The Product meets Specification IS-2796:2000

Jamnagar – Fuel DEF STAN 91/91 equivalent Indian Standard

IS-1571-2001 and ASTM D-1655

Jamnagar – LPG The Product meets Specification as per

IS-4576:1999.

Jamnagar – Diesel It meets the specification as per IS-1460:2005.


36

(g) Description of the goods :

1. JAMNAGAR - PETROL:

The Jamnagar manufacturing complex is a largest industrial project

set up at a cost of 142.5 billion, fully integrated manufacturing complex,

with (i) petroleum refinery complex, (ii) an aromatics/petrochemical

complex, (iii) a power generation complex, (iv) a port and terminal

complex, with access to a pipeline network with a Crude Processing

Capacity of 27 million metric tones per annum.

The Applicants are the largest producer of Petrol. The Product is

used for Automobile Purpulsion for transportation purpose in Internal

Combustion Spark Ignition Engines and Lighter Vehicles. This high

degree of integration at the Jamnagar complex allows for feedstock and

product linkages that will lead to higher efficiencies and enhanced value

addition.

2. JAMNAGAR –FUEL :

It is a propellant used in Aircraft Turbine Engines. The fuel consists

wholly of Hydrocarbon compounds derived from conventional source

including crude oil, natural gas liquid condensation and qualified

additives.

3. JAMNAGAR - LPG :

The Applicants are the largest producer of Liquified Petroleum Gas

(LPG). The applicant had stated that the LPG produced is meeting almost

25% of the country’s demand. This is a Gaseous product with no odour. It

is an inflammable material Ethyl Mercaptans is added in very small

quantity (20 parts per million) to impart it a distinctive smell for detection

of this material in case of leakage.

37

4. JAMNAGAR – Diesel :

Diesel primarily used as Transportation Fuel.

Diesel is used in Heavy Vehicles, Railway Engines, Marine Engines,

Agricultural Pumps and Power Generation Plants.

This product is now exported leading to increase in Foreign

Exchange and Economic Development of the Country.

(h) Geographical area of production and Map as shown in the page No. 49

LOCATION:

Total area: The entire Jamnagar complex consisting of manufacturing and

allied facilities such as utilities and offsites, port facilities and a township

for the employees sprawls over more than 7,500 acres. The integrated

refinery-cum-petrochemicals complex of Reliance is located in the state of

Gujarat at village Motikhavdi, Taluka - Lalpur, District - Jamnagar. It is

strategically located port in proximity to the Gulf of Kutch, a sheltered bay

port close to the Middle-East crude oil sources.

Jamnagar District, Gujarat:

Latitude: 22.27N

Longitude: 70.07E

(i) Proof of origin [Historical Records] :

In 1991, the Government of India allowed the investments from the

private sector, in this field. Heavy Investment has been made in the less

favored remote area which has resulted in the improvement of local rural

38

area and paved way for the retention of the rural population in this area and

it helps in the rural development. The applicant in a record time of 15 days

after the historic heavy cyclonic hit on 8th June 1998 repaired the extensive

damage and brought back the normalcy.


The following Refining Processes are common for Jamnagar – Petrol,

Jamnagar –Fuel, Jamnagar – LPG and Jamnagar – Diesel :

(a) Distillation (Atmospheric and Vacuum)

This is the first stage in the refining for separating crude oil components at

atmospheric pressure by heating, and subsequent condensing, of the fractions

(unfinished petroleum products) by cooling.

Distillation under reduced pressure (less than atmospheric) i.e. Vacuum

Distillation lowers the boiling temperature of the liquid being distilled

permitting the production of distillates at lower temperature than would be

necessary in atmospheric distillation, thus avoiding coke formation.

The Jamnagar has a combined Crude Distillation Unit / Vacuum Distillation

Unit (CDU / VDU) to separate the crude oil into primarily fractions of LPG,

Naphtha, Kerosene, Gasoil, Vacuum Gas Oil and Vacuum Residue. The

combined CDU/VDU maximizes energy integration to minimize the energy

required for primary separation.

(b) Sweetening

The petroleum products should be free of mercaptans (a form of sulphur

compound) because otherwise it emits foul odour on burning. Sweetening is

a process of mercaptan removal by oxidation. This sweetening process is also

better known by the patented process name of Merox or mercaptan oxidation.

Reliance has 4 sweetening units to remove mercaptans from :-

39

- Saturated LPG

- Unsaturated LPG

- Gasoline

- Kerosene

(c) Process technologies

All process units of the Jamnagar complex are based on the State of the Art

technologies. Some of the major such technologies are:

Hydrodesulphurisation : UOP

Catalytic Reforming Unit : UOP

Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit : UOP

Delayed Coker Unit : Foster Wheeler Inc.

Sulphur Recovery : Black & Veatch Pritchard

Hydrogen Generation : Linde A G

Merox Treating : UOP

SHP / TAME* : UOP

The following Refining Processes are common for Jamnagar – Petrol and

Jamnagar – LPG:

Catalytic Cracking

Catalytic cracking is a process which breaks down the larger, heavier, and

more complex hydrocarbon molecules into simpler and lighter molecules by

the action of heat and aided by the presence of a catalyst but without the

addition of hydrogen. In this way, heavy oils (fuel oil components) can be

converted into lighter and more valuable products (notably LPG, gasoline

40

and middle distillate components). The catalytic cracking unit is known as the

Fluidized Catalytic Cracking or FCC.

The FCC is the most widely used secondary conversion process in the

refinery industry. Traditionally, the FCC units have been operated on either

the maximum gasoline mode or the maximum distillate mode, dependent

largely on the seasonal product demand pattern.

Of late, a third mode is gaining importance, that of a maximum olefin mode

which maximizes LPG, propylene and butylene. In India, FCC in the max

olefin mode is suitable for maximum value addition because LPG and

propylene are among the highest value petroleum products. Reliance

operates the Jamnagar FCC in the max olefin mode, to maximize LPG and

propylene.

FCC in the max olefins mode also produces isobutylene which can be used

for MTBE, isobutane and butylene which can be processed into alkylate and

isoamylene which can be used for TAME. MTBE, Alkylate and TAME are

principal gasoline additives used to improve gasoline quality. Reliance

utilizes the isoamylene from the FCC as a feedstock to produce TAME in the

Jamnagar.

The FCC feed is also known as vacuum gas oil (VGO) because it is generally a

product from the Vacuum Distillation Column. The FCC feed can be of three

types:-

- VGO

- Hydrotreated VGO

- VGO mixed with VR (Process is known as Resid FCC or RFCC).

The VGO material for the FCC feed is generated from the Vacuum

Distillation Column in the CDU/VDU and from the Coker.

41

The following Refining Processes are common for Jamnagar – Fuel and

Jamnagar – Diesel:

Hydrotreating

Hydrotreating is used for treating petroleum fractions in the presence of

catalysts and substantial quantities of hydrogen. Hydrotreating results in

desulphurisation, (removal of sulphur), denitrification (removal of nitrogen

compounds) and conversion of olefins to paraffins.

Reliance has the highest Hydrotreating Capacity relative to crude distillation

which enables it to produce world class products and high value addition.


Refining Processes

(a) Alkylation

Alkylation is a process for chemically combining isobutane with light olefinic

hydrocarbons, typically C3 and C4 olefins, (e.g.propylene, butylene) in the

presence of an acid catalyst, usually sulphuric acid or hydrofluoric acid. The

product, alkylate (an isoparaffin) has a high-octane value and is blended into

motor and aviation gasoline to improve the antiknock value of the fuel.

The light olefins are most commonly available from the Catalytic crackers.

Alkylate is one of the best gasoline blending components because it is a clean

burning, very low sulphur component, with no olefinic or aromatic

compounds and with high octane and low vapour pressure characteristics.

The Indian scenario is unique, in that on the one hand, the relative gasoline

consumption is much lower vis a vis the developed counter parts, on the

42

other hand, the C3 and C4 components, which are otherwise used in

alkylation as a feedstock, offer much higher value alternative, i.e. LPG.

LPG is in large deficits in India, and to meet its demand, Reliance's

configuration is designed to maximize the production of LPG. Hence the

processing scheme currently does not include Alkylation.

(b) Bottom of the Barrel Processing

"Bottom of the barrel" is a term used to refer Vacuum residue (VR) boiling

above 5650C. It is produced from bottom of the Vacuum Distillation Column.

Traditionally this material, high in sulphur, asphaltenes and metals has been

blended into heavy or industrial fuel oil.

Outlets for high sulfur fuel oil are becoming increasingly scarce, with

stringent emission norms for SOx and NOx . In the most parts of the world,

increasing switch over from heavy fuel oil to clean combustion natural gas for

power generation is already evident. The process of displacing high sulfur

fuel oil is expected to gather further momentum as further switching from

fuel gas to natural gas takes place for environmental and availability reasons.

There are several options for the bottom-of-the barrel processing including

Delayed Coking, Visbreaking and Resid Desulfurization. Reliance has

selected Delayed Coking for upgrading the "bottom of barrel".

(c) Oxygenates

Oxygenates are ethers which are used as gasoline additives to improve the

gasoline. Two principal oxygenates are Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE)

and Tertiary Amyl Methyl Ether (TAME).

43

(d) Reforming

Reforming Process rearranges hydrocarbon molecules in the naphtha (or

naphtha-type) feed, thereby converting paraffinic and naphthenic type

hydrocarbons into aromatic type hydrocarbons, suitable for blending into

finished gasoline. Since its product, reformate, is richer in aromatics than its

feed, naphtha, this process is also used to produce aromatic petrochemicals

(Benzene, Toluene and Xylene).

The Reforming process requires high temperature and catalyst to facilitate the

reaction. The Reforming catalyst contains Platinum. The Platinum based

catalyst has to be protected and hence reformer feed has to be sulphur free.

(e) Thermal Cracking

In this process, heat and pressure are used to break down, rearrange, or

combine hydrocarbon molecules. Thermal cracking includes vis-breaking,

delayed coking, fluid coking, and other similar processes.

(k) Uniqueness :


The Product meets Specification IS-2796:2000.

2. JAMNAGAR – FUEL:

The product meets the standard DEF STAN 91/91, Indian Standard

IS-1571-2001 and ASTM D-1655.

44

3. JAMNAGAR-LPG :

Very high efficiency refinery in terms of quality and quantity meets

Specification as per IS-4576:1999, recovering 40 tonnes of gas per day. It is

one of the low waste( 0.2 %) producing refinery.

The product is having no odour. After application of moderate

pressure the vapour changes into liquid and handled under pressure.

It is an inflammable material, Ethyl Mercaptans is added in very

small quantity (20 parts per million) to impart it a distinctive smell for the

detection of any leakage. This is done as a safety measure.

4. JAMNAGAR - DISEL:

It meets the specification as per IS-1460:2005.

(I) QUALITY:

(a) Jamnagar Refinery has the highest Hydrotreating Capacity relative

to crude distillation which enables it to produce world class

products and high value addition.

(b) Jamnagar Refinery has largest cross country LPG pipeline network.

(c) The refinery configuration is characterized by its superior product

as compared others. High proportion of high-value products such

as propylene and LPG (adding to over 10% on crude processed).

(d) Products are meeting all the requirement of BHARAT/ EURO-2 &

BHARAT/ EURO-3.

(e) Manufacturing process at Jamnagar Refinery Project is auto-servo

fault controlled system.

(f) Unique process of refinement of heavy oil meets the international

standard. The products manufactured at Jamnagar are at par with

the international standard. It is reported to be the Most Fuel

Efficient Refinery in the world based on quality and cost.

45

(II) Special features of the Refinery Complex :

(a) Fully equipped with facilities for meeting the captive energy

requirements in the form of power and steam, the complex is well

supported by world-class logistics and port facilities.

(b) In view of large LPG production at RIL Jamnagar refinery, Gas

Authority of India Ltd (GAIL) has commissioned a cross country LPG

pipeline, which connects the refinery to North Indian LPG Terminals of

PSU Oil Marketing Cos (IOC, BPCL and HPCL), located at Ajmer, Jaipur,

Piyala (near Faridabad-Haryana), and Loni (near Ghaziabad (UP). This

pipeline has provided a safe, reliable and economical mode of LPG

transportation in the country, eliminating a large number of LPG tank

trucks plying on the highway. This large cross country LPG pipeline is

unique to Jamnagar.

(c) “Reliance Jamnagar Marine Terminal-Sikka”, is a port quoted at

world scale.

(d) The refinery configuration is characterized by its superior product.

Two important features in this regard are :

1. High proportion of high-value products such as propylene and

LPG (adding to over 10% on crude processed) is not the case in other

refineries.

2. Nil production of low-value "black oils" - fuel oil under normal

circumstances (compared to 12-20% on crude processed by others).

(III) Quality Recognition:-

(a) NELSON – Complexity Index – 10.7 (Competitors Complexity

Index does not exceed 3 to 4).

(b) Our Project Capacity is BHARAT/ EURO-2 & BHARAT/EURO-3.

(c) Most Fuel Efficient Refinery in the world.

46

(d) Largest Exporter of Fuel.

(e) Bench Mark Study by Soloman Associates states that our Project is

the Lowest Cost Operating with Best Quality Product.

(f) Sea Water is desalinated. The Applicants do not use purified water

in manufacturing processing.

(g) No Effluent – Eco Friendly Project.


Production Process is governed by:

(a) Petroleum Act, 1934 (as amended).

(b) Petroleum Rules, 2002.

(c) Exploring Act.

(d) Liquified Petroleum Gas Rules.

(e) The entire activity is Auto-Servo Fault Controlled System.

QUALITY MEASURES:

(a) The Applicants have with a mission to achieve Zero Defect work culture,

adopted the Six Sigma initiative.

(b) The future outlook for this business continues to be bright and Reliance is

poised to achieve a significant market share in the Retail Petroleum

Segment in the near future.

(c) Reliance’s laboratory was accredited for conforming to CMS as per

ISO/IEC 17025 by NABL.

(m) Other :

Benefits from ongoing projects have been assessed at Rs.140 crore.

47

It is stated that the quality products are produced in Jamnagar with heavy

investments, leading to separate identity and reputation (Fortune Global

500 list of the World’s Largest Corporations 2004).

The products produced in Jamnagar enjoys a reputation linked to the

identifier of the place.

The distinct character of the product paves way for its capacity to

distinguish itself from other products with involvement of enormous

human labour.

Three of our Six Sigma projects were rated as the top three projects at the

50th year celebrations of the Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore in March

2005.

The card based feet services programme enables vehicle owners to

improve their operational efficiency significantly.

Reliance’s efforts on the quality front continued to receive recognitions -

the Jamnagar laboratory received recognition on the analytical front from

CEMILAC (Centre for Military Aimworthiness and Certification) for its

high level of Quality Confidence and Control Measures.

For each month during the year, Reliance received Golden certificates

from Stell Global Services for Excellence in Reliability of Testing and

Results.

Promotion of Retail Outlet :

Having entered Retail Marketing of petroleum products - selling

significantly higher volumes than the industry average.

48

AWARDS:

(a) The lifetime achievement award for contribution to the Petroleum Sector

to Late Dhirubhai Ambani, the founder Chairman of Reliance Group

Company.

(b) The Jamnagar complex received “Excellence in Energy Management

Award” for the second successive year, October 2004.

(c) The Jamnagar refinery received the award for Excellence in Energy

Conservation from the Federation of Gujarat Industries, April, 2004.

(d) Reliance refinery was ranked in the top position in Shel Benchmarking

`Energy & Loss’ performance for the fourth consecutive year from around 50

refiners the world over, August 2004.

(e) The Jamnagar complex received CM’s Excellence in Energy Management

Award for the second successive year, October 2004.

(f) RIL won the following National Energy Conservation Awards, 2004,

December, 2004.

(g) The Hazira and Jamnagar complexes claimed the first position in the

Petrochemicals Sector and Refinery Sector respectively.

(h) The Patalganga complex received the special award in the Petrochemicals

Sector.

(i) The Jamnagar complex received the FICCI Award Certificate and Shield in

recognition of its high degree of energy efficiency, excellent water and energy

conservation practices, commendable waste management practices and

excellent pollution control facilities with innovative features, December 2004.

49

(j) The Jamnagar complex received a total of 9 Gold Certificates from Sheil

Global Solutions, Netherlands under SMPCS (Shel Milan Products

Correlation Scheme) Quality Pacesettubg for its excellence in testing of fuel

products, December, 2004.

GREEN BELT AREA:

(b) As an environmentally responsible corporate entity, the Jamnagar refinery

complex of Reliance, which is the world's largest grassroots refinery and the

3rd largest at any single location, has planted more than 25,000 trees last year

to the already existing greenbelt.

(c) In Jamnagar, an arid and saline area, around 2000 acres of land has been

transformed into a greenbelt with agro forestry of over 3.7 million tress. The

trees being grown in the complex include mango, teak, neem, guava, custard

apple, pomegranate and medicinal plants. In all, over 200 species have been

planted. In order to protect the marine environment around Sikka and

Vadinar, where the port facility is located, mangroves are planted in the

coastal area.

(d) At the refinery complex, various systems and schemes are implemented to

reduce the fresh water requirement per ton of crude processed. Flare gases

are being recovered resulting in reduction of emissions to the environment

and financial benefit due to the recovery. A scientifically designed secured

landfill facility has been commissioned for the disposal of hazardous wastes.

50

GENERAL INFORMATION

What is a Geographical Indication?

It is an indication.

It is used to identify agricultural, natural or manufactured goods

originating in the said area.

It originates from a definite territory in India.

It should have a special quality or characteristics or reputation based upon

the climatic or production characteristics unique to the geographical

location.

Examples of possible Geographical Indications in India :

Some of the examples of possible Geographical Indications in India include

Basmati Rice, Darjeeling Tea, Kanchipuram Silk Saree, Alphonso Mango, Nagpur

Orange, Kolhapuri Chappal, Bikaneri Bhujia, etc.

What are the benefits of registration of Geographical Indications?

It confers legal protection to Geographical Indications in India.

It prevents unauthorised use of a registered Geographical Indication by

others.

It boosts exports of Indian Geographical Indications by providing legal

protection.

It promotes economic prosperity of producers.

It enables seeking legal protection in other WTO member countries.

Who can apply for the registration of a Geographical Indication?

Any association of persons, producers, organization or authority established by or

under the law can apply.

The applicant must represent the interests of the producers.

The application should be in writing in the prescribed form.

52

The application should be addressed to the Registrar of Geographical Indications

alongwith prescribed fee.

Who is a registered proprietor of a Geographical Indication?

Any association of persons, producers, organisation or authority established by or

under the law can be a registered proprietor. Their name should be entered in the

Register of Geographical Indications as registered proprietor for the Geographical

Indication applied for.

Who is an authorized user?

A producer of goods can apply for registration as an authorised user, with respect

to a registered Geographical Indication. He should apply in writing in the

prescribed form alongwith prescribed fee.

Who is a producer in relation to a Geographical Indication?

A producer is a person dealing with three categories of goods.

Agricultural Goods including the production, processing, trading or

dealing.

Natural Goods including exploiting, trading or dealing.

Handicrafts or Industrial Goods including making, manufacturing, trading

or dealing.

Is registration of a Geographical Indication compulsory?

While registration of a Geographical Indication is not compulsory, it offers better

legal protection for action for infringement.

What are the advantages of registering?

Registration affords better legal protection to facilitate an action for

infringement.

The registered proprietor and authorised users can initiate infringement

actions.

53

The authorised users can exercise the exclusive right to use the

Geographical Indication.

Who can use the registered Geographical Indication?

Only an authorised user has the exclusive rights to use the Geographical Indication

in relation to goods in respect of which it is registered.

How long is the registration of Geographical Indication valid? Can it be

renewed?

The registration of a Geographical Indication is for a period of ten years.

Yes, renewal is possible for further periods of 10 years each.

If a registered Geographical Indications is not renewed, it is liable to be removed

from the register.

When is a registered Geographical Indication said to be infringed?

When unauthorised use indicates or suggests that such goods originate

in a geographical area other than the true place of origin of such goods

in a manner which misleads the public as to their geographical origins.

When use of Geographical Indication results in unfair competition

including passing off in respect of registered Geographical Indication.

When the use of another Geographical Indication results in a false

representation to the public that goods originate in a territory in respect

of which a Geographical Indication relates.

Who can initiate an infringement action?

The registered proprietor or authorised users of a registered Geographical

Indication can initiate an infringement action.

54

Can a registered Geographical Indication be assigned, transmitted etc?

No. A Geographical Indication is a public property belonging to the producers of

the concerned goods. It shall not be the subject matter of assignment, transmission,

licensing, pledge, mortgage or such other agreement. However, when an

authorised user dies, his right devolves on his successor in title.

Can a registered Geographical Indication or authorised user be removed from

the register?

Yes. The Appellate Board or the Registrar of Geographical Indication has the

power to remove the Geographical Indication or an authorised user from the

register. The aggrieved person can file an appeal within three months from the

date of communication of the order.

How a Geographical Indication differs from a trade mark?

A trade mark is a sign which is used in the course of trade and it distinguishes

good or services of one enterprise from those of other enterprises. Whereas a

Geographical Indication is used to identify goods having special characteristics

originating from a definite geographical territory.

55

THE REGISTRATION PROCESS

In December 1999, Parliament passed the Geographical Indications of Goods

(Registration and Protection) Act, 1999. This Act seeks to provide for the

registration and protection of Geographical Indications relating to goods in India.

This Act is administered by the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade

Marks, who is the Registrar of Geographical Indications. The Geographical

Indications Registry is located at Chennai.

The Register of Geographical Indication is divided into two parts. Part ‘A’ consists

of particulars relating to registered Geographical Indications and Part ‘B’ consists

of particulars of the registered authorized users.

The registration process is similar to both for registration of a geographical

indication and an authorized user which is illustrated below :

*

56

*Appeal to IPAB

57

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2

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3

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4

HkkSxksfyd min”kZu vkosnu fooj.k%

HkkSxksfyd min”kZuvkosnu la[;k

1

2

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4

5

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HkkSxksfyd min”kZu ds uke

nkftZfyax ¼obZ½

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vkjUeqyk /kkrq dk¡p

ikspeiYyh bDdr

lsye oL=

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pansjh lkM+h

lksykiqj pknj

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cklerh pkoy

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5

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6

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8

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iathd`r djus ds fy, ;g Hksth xbZ gS A oxZ 23 esa 'kkfey gksus okys oL=ksa eas iz;qDr

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foKkiu ;gk¡ fn;k x;k gS A

vkosnd dk uke mM+hlk jkT; gFkdj?kk cqukbZ lgdkjh lehfr

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oxZ % 23] 24 vkSj 25

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dh ca/kkbZ vkSj jaxkbZ

oxZ 24 & oL= vkSj oL= eky

oxZ 25 & oL=

9

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izkf/kdkj la?k dh lwfp%

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¼M+½ fufnZfûdj.k %

Dze fofHkUu fMtkbu dk dPps eky /kkxs ds izdkj iz;qDr gksus fVIi.kh

la[;k rjg ds fooj.k iz;qDr gksus okys jax

lkeku okys ds izdkj dk izdkj

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 lkM+h 1- ,dykSrk ,dr lkM+h lwrh 2/ 120, 2/100s okV

MkWch vkSj cqVk ds 2/80s,60s, 40s, vEy vkSj 18&20

;k fcuk MkWch ;k 3Iyk;] /kkrq dk nj

cqVk ds lkFk cka/kk vkWjxsathu x 4 feJ.k 20&22

Iysu cqVh 'kjhj ca/kk Iykb p[kkZ nj

vkapy

2- nqxquh ,dr lkM+h 2/ 120, 2/100s

MkWch vkSj cqVk ds 2/80s,60s, 40s, okV

;k fcuk MkWch ;k 3Iyk; vkWjxsathu x 4

cqVk ds lkFk cka/kk Iykb p[kkZ vEy vkSj

Iysu cqVh 'kjhj ca/kk /kkrq dk

vkapy feJ.k

10

1

[k½ [kkaMok ,d bdr 'kjhj okyh js'ke 2Iyk; vEy vkSj

lkM+h cka/kk/ fpduh 'kjhj ds ck/kka vkWjxsaaft+u /kkrq feJ.k

vkapy 4Iyk; ekynk

2 oL= 1 ,d bdr 48Þ lwrh 2/ 120, 2/100s okV

d½ pkSM+kbZ yackbZ 2/80s,60s, 40s, 3Iyk;

vkWjxsathu x 4

Iykb p[kkZ

2 nks bdr js'ke dkfj;k phu vEy

¼okiZ vkSj osQV bdr ½ lwrh r'kj js'ke

lwrh js'ke r'kj usfvo

1 r'kj /kkrq feJ.k

2/ 120 vkSj

2/100s cka/kk ds

fy, lwrh

2 'kky] LdkQZ ,d vkSj nks bdr lwrh 2/ 120, 2/100s

vkSj nqiêk 2/80s,60s, 40s, 3Iyk;

vkWjxsathu x 4

Iykb p[kkZ

dkfj;k phu vEy

js'ke

r'kj usfvo

1 r'kj /kkrq feJ.k

2/ 120 vkSj

2/100s cka/kk ds

fy, lwrh

11

2 rhu VqdM+s ,d vkSj nks bdr lwrh 2/ 120, 2/100s

oL= ds lsV 2/80s,60s, 40s, 3Iyk;

vkWjxsathu x 4

Iykb p[kkZ

dkfj;k phu vEy

js'ke

r'kj usfvo

r'kj /kkrq feJ.k

2/ 120 vkSj

2/100s cka/kk ds

fy, lwrh

3 ?kj dh ltkoV ,d/nks bdr lwrh 2/20s, 2/40s, okV

nksuksa dk lekxe 2/60s, 2/80s,

20s(nks), 26s(nks)

2/17 NF, 10s

Dze fofHkUu fMtkbu dk dPps eky /kkxs ds izdkj iz;qDr gksus fVIi.kh

la[;k rjg ds fooj.k iz;qDr gksus okys jax

lkeku okys ds izdkj dk izdkj

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4 pknj ,d/ nks bdr lwrh 2/20s, 2/17NF, usIFky

48”X90” 2/40s, 2/60s, 2/80s

60”X90” 20s nks

72”X90” 26s nks

90”X108” 40s nks

12

¼p½ HkkSxksfyd min'kZu ds uke ¼vkSj fooj.k½ %

mM+hlk if'pe {ks= esa tgk¡ ckjkxj] lacyeqj] >jlqxqM+] lksuiqj] cksykfxj]

cks/k] ukSikM+k vkrs gSa rFkk dkykgkaMh ftyk rFkk leqnz rVh; {ks=ksa esa mM+hlk bdr

mRiUu fd;k tkrk gS A

N½ eky dk fooj.k-

gFkdj?kk lkfM+;k¡ ftldds iwjk Hkkx fpduk/cqVh/ca/kk ¼,d ;k nks bdr½ ckMZj

cM+s ckMZj dh rjg Mksch fMtkbu/ca/kk ¼,d ;k nks bdr½ eafnj ds ;k fcuk eafnj ds

gksrk gS A vkapy ca/kk dh rjg¼,d ;k nks bdr½ ds lkFk gksrk gS A

2½ gFkdj?kk oL= ,d vkSj nks bdr ds lkFk cqVh vkSj fcuk cqVh ds gksrk gS A

3½ gFkdj?kk LdkQZ /nqiêk/'kkWy ds iwjs 'kjhj esa rFkk vkapy ,d ;k nks bdr gksrk gS A

lwrh] js'keh rFkk r'kj esa ckMZj ds lkFk ;k fcuk ckMZj ds A

4½ ?kj ltkus okys ,d ;k nks bdr okyh oLrq,¡ tSls njokts] f[kM+dh ds insZ lksQk

vkSj Vscy doj] dq'ku doj] est pVkbZ] jlksbZ ykbfuu vkfn A

5½ ,d vkSj nks bdr ds lkFk gFkdj?kk :eky] pknj] yqaxh] usidhu A

t½ mRiknu dk HkkSxksfyd vapy vkSj uD'k i`"B la[;k

mM+hlk if'pe {ks= esa tgk¡ ckjkxj] lacyeqj] >jlqxqM+] lksuiqj] cksykfxj]

cks/k] ukSikM+k vkrs gSa rFkk dkykgkaMh ftyk rFkk leqnz rVh; {ks=ksa esa mM+hlk bdr

mRiUu fd;k tkrk gS A

bdr {ks= % ns'kkarj &19 54* fe-m kj ls 22 06* fe- m kj

v{kka'k & 82 30* fe- iwoZ ls 85 54* fe- iwoZ

13

>½ mRif k dk lcwr ¼,frgkfld fjdkMZ½

Hkkjr es bdr oL= fofHkUu LFkkuska esa fofHkUu ukeksa ls mitrk gS A ;g xqtjkr

esa vka/kzizns'k esa ^fprdh* rFkk mM+hlk esa ^cka/kk* uke ls tkuk tkrk gS A mM+hlk ds

cka/kk oL= Hkqfy;k esgj }kjk cuk;k tkrk gS A

fuEufyf[kr lacaf/kr nLrkost vkosnu ds lkFk is'k fd;k tk jgk gS %

1- Hkkjr ds ledkyhu oL= dyk dk v/;;u & MkW eksrh panz] 1974 dk mM+hlk

vkSj vka/kzizns'k dk bdr oL= A

2- mM+hlk ftys ds lacyiqj] ckykxhj rFkk dVd ds iathdrkZ

3- MkW ds'ko panz esgj dk mM+hlk ds cqukbZ dh dyk

×k½ mRiknu dh fof/k %

ftl rduhd ds }kjk mM+hlk dk bdV oL= mRiUu fd;k tkrk gS ] og bl

izdkj gS %

1½ /kkxks ds yPNs cukuk % esa tks cka/ks vkSj jaxs rkus ;k ckus ds :Ik esa iz;qDr gksrk gSA

okiZ dh fn'kk esa nl nksgjko mRiUu djus ds fy, /kkxks dks ,d lewg esa ysuk pkfg,

A mls rkus esa bl rjg Mkyk tkuk pkfg, fd ruko cjkcj jgs A ftlls dh vkd`fr

cqukbZ ds nkSjku u fcxM+s A rkus esa /kkxs dh yackbz vkSj pkSM+kbZ ds vuqlkj bl rjg

yxkuk pkfg, fd mldks cka/kdj eupkgh vkd`fr cuk;h tk lds vkSj mls jaxdj A

okfiZax ds nkSjku lcls vko';d oLrq /kkxksa dh fo'ks"k cukus dh gS A ftuesa iz;qDr

oLrqvksa dk mYys[k fuEufyf[kr gS %

1½ izR;sd /kkxs dks vyx djuk

2½ /kkxs ds yPNs dks ,d nksgjs vkSj nwljh nksgjs ls vyx djuk pkfg, A

3½ ca/kkbZ vkSj jaxkbZ ds fy, nks lewg dks milewgksa esa vyx djuk A

4½ mi lewgks dks vyx djuk

14

2½ /kkxksa dh ca/kkbZ %& fMtkbu ds vuqlkj /kkxksa dks mfpr <ax ls cak/kus esa gh eq[;

dk;Z dq'kyrk fuHkZj djrh gS A ges'kk mlds ckn jaxkbZ dh tkrh gS A ;kuZ esa iz;qDr

gksus okys jaxksa dh la[;k ij gh cka/kbZ dh la[;k fuHkZj djrh gS A vxj ge ,slk

fMtkbu mRiUu djuk pkgrs gSa A /kkxs ds yPNs dks rhu jax tSls gjs] yky vkSj uhyk

gkstk vkd`fr dk cgqr ifj.kke izkIr djus ds fy, ca/kkbZ vkSj jaxkbZ gYds vkSj xgjs

'ksMl ds vuqlkj dh tkuh pkfg, A gYds jaxksa dks igys jaxk tkrk gS A lcls gYds

jax okys LFkku dks NksM+dj ckdh lHkh Hkkxksa dks cka/kk tkrk gS A cka/kus dh fdz;k jCcj

;k dsoM+s ds i ks ls dh tkrh gS A ca/kkbZ bruh dlh gqbZ rFkk bruk mfpr gksuk pkfg,

fd ftlls jax dk nzO; ca/ks Hkkx esa fdlh gkyr esa u tk lds A ;kuZ dh jaxkbZ esa

ges'kk dh rjg jaxkbZ izHkkfor gksrh gS A

vkd`fr esa ds ,y dks NksMdj lHkh Hkkx dks cka/kk tkuk pkfg, A ca/kkbZ ds ckn

/kkxs gjs jax ¼rhuksa esa lcls gYdk jax½ ykus ds fy, lh Mh vkSj ds ,y Hkkx dks jaxk

tkrk gS A blh rjg dh izfdz;k yky vkSj uhys LFkkuska ij ykus ds fy, iz;ksx fd;k

tkrk gS blfy, ;g lgh gS fd iz;qDr jaxksa dh la[;k ca/kkbZ vkSj jaxkbZ dh izfdz;k dks

c<k nsxk A

3½ cqukbZ % ,d bdr esa okiZ ;k osQV esa ca/kkbZ vkSj jaxkbZ dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS A

osQV cka/kuh oL= cukus ds fy, cqukbZ dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS A ;g vko';d gS fd

izzR;sd fid mfpr LFkku ij igys okys ds lkFk tqM+k gks A ik'koZ esa ncko vkd`fr dks

fcxkM+ ldrk gS blfy, osQV esa cak/kuh oLrq mRiUu djuk ,d /kheh izfdz;k gS A

ysfdu fid dks yxkus fdz;k cgqr gh lqanj vkd`fr nsrh gS A

15

okiZ cka/kuh esa cqukbZ dh izfdz;k vklku rFkk rst+ Bhd djus dh dksbZ xqatkbZ'k

ugha gksrh] blfy, mRiknu T;knk gksrk gS A ;g [kqclwjr fp= ugha izLrqr ugha djrk

D;ksafd le ;k mfpr ruko ds vHkko esa vkd`fr fcxM+ ldrh gS A

nks bdr ;k oL= esa tgk¡ fMtkbu iwjk gks tkrk gS A okiZ vkSj osQV nksuksa /kkxs

ij ca/kkbZ vkSj jaxkbZ vko';d gS A blfy, blesa ,d bdr oL= cukus ls T;knk

le; yxrk gS A

V½ vuks[kkiu %

1- Qqyokys fp= esa 'ksM'k izHkko ,d vuks[kkiu gS A

2- cka/kuh oL= ij dsfyxzkQh mM+hlk bdr ij nhokj ij Vkaxus okyh pht+sa mRiUu dh

tkrh gS A

3- r'ku oL= esa bdr dk iz;ksx A

B½ fudk; vk;ksx %

vkosndks us lwfpr fd;k gS fd fuEufyf[kr dh lykg ds }kjk tk¡p vk;ksx ds

LFkkiuk ds fy, vxzlj gSa %

1½ cqukbZ lsok dsUnz }kjk rduhfd lykg] Hkqous'oj A

2½ oL= lehfr ] Hkqous'oj A

fuEufyf[kr la?k ls ckgjh lnL;ksa dks Hkh fy;k tk ldrk gS %

1- ftyk xzkeh.k fodkl ,tsalh

2- jkûªh; gFkdj?kk fodkl la?k fuxe

M½ vU; %

lwfpr fd;k tkrk gS fd vkbZ ,l vks izek.k ds fy, dne mBk;k x;k gS a

xq.ko kk dks cuk;s j[kus dk izek.k izkIr djus ds fy, flQkfj'k dh xbZ gS A

16

th-vkbZ-&vkosnu la[;k&27

;g vthZ iatkc dqVhj m|ksx vkSj fu;kZr fuxe us Hksth gS AQqydkjh ds

varxZr iath ds Hkkx ^v* esa vkSj ml iath ds vthZ vad 27 esa iathd`r djus ds fy,

Hksth xbZ gS Ad<kbZ ds varxZr oxZ 26 esa 'kkfey gksus okys HkkSxksfyd eky min'kZu

¼iathd`r vkSj cpko ½ fof/k] 1999 ds Hkkx 13 ds miHkkx ¼1½ esa Lohdkj djus gsrq

foKkiu ;gk¡ fn;k x;k gS A

vkosnd dk uke iatkc dqVhj m|ksx vkSj fu;kZr fuxe fyfeVsM

ds vkSj ,l lg;ksxh }kjk izfrfuf/kr

84&lh] lh&6 ysu] dsfUnz; vosU;q

lSfud QkeZ]

ubZ fnYyh & 110062] Hkkjr

irk % 18] fgeky; ekxZ ] m|ksx Hkou] lsDVj 17]

paMhx<+

HkkSxksfyd min'kZu % Qqydkjh

oxZ % 26

eky% d<kbZ

18

¼d½ vkosnd dk uke % iatkc dqVhj m|ksx vkSj fu;kZr fuxe fyfeVsM

ds vkSj ,l lg;ksxh }kjk izfrfuf/kr

84&lh] lh&6 ysu] dsfUnz; vosU;q

lSfud QkeZ]

ubZ fnYyh & 110062] Hkkjr

¼[k½ irk% 18] fgeky; ekxZ ] m|ksx Hkou] lsDVj 17]

paMhx<+

¼x½ O;fä /mRiknd/ laxBu / ekaxs tkus ij fn;k tk;sxk A

izkf/kdkj la?k dh lwfp%

¼?k½ ekyksa dk oxZ % Qqydkjh d<kbZ

¼M+½ fufnZfûdj.k % Qqydkjh d<kbZ

¼p½ HkkSxksfyd min'kZu ds uke ¼vkSj fooj.k½ %

Qqydkjh dk vFkZ ^Qqy cukus dk dk;Z* ;k ^Qqyksa dh d<kbZ* A ;g dyk iatkc

esa 15 oha lnh ls izkjEHk gqvk A d<kbZ ds bl :Ik dh 23 ls Hkh vf/kd izdkj gSa tks

cgqr ls ihf<;ksa ls dykdkjksa }kjk dq'kyrk iwoZd cuk;k tkrk gS A

19

¼N½ eky dk o.kZu %

nks rjg dh Qqydkjh gksrh gS & ,d lk/kkj.k Qqydkjh vkSj nqljh ck?k Qqydkjh

A lk/kkj.k Qqydkjh esa d<kbZ }kjk iwjs dims+ dks gh <dk tkrk gS A diM+s ij d<kbZ

fc[kjh gksrh gS A ftlls mls ns[kk tk ldrk gS ogh nwljh rjQ ck?k d<kbZ bruh Hkjh

gqbZ ;k ?kuRo Hkjh gksrh gS fd diM+k eqf'dy ls fn[kkbZ nsrk gS A

lk/kkj.k Qqydkjh ;k ck?k Qqydkjh dh [kqclwjrh mlds tVhy vkSj ekSfyd

T;fefrd ;k Qqyokys fMtkbu ;k isVuZ ] larqfyr cukoV ] vPNk vkSj lqanj jax esa

fLFkr gS tks bldsk ,d lq{e dykdkjh cukrk gS A /;ku j[kus ;ksX; lcls egRoiw.kZ

ckr ;g gS fd Qqydkjh dq'ky d<kbZ gS ftls iwjk djus esa lkyks yx ldrs gSa A

flykbZ fu;fer rFkk fpduh gksuk pkfg, A tks Qqydkjh ds ihNs izfrfofEcr gks A

lcls vPNs d<kbZ d`r Qqydkjh esa diM+s ds ihNs fu;fer nwjh ij cgqr NksVh&NksVh

fcanq esa dsoy QsabV vkSj fpduh ydhjsa cuh gksrh gS A

Qqydkjh d<+kbZ ikjaifjd :i esa lk/kkj.k Qqydkjh vkSj ck?k Qqydkjh ds fofHkUu fp=

feyrs gSa A muesa ls dqN vkd`fr vkSj muds fooj.k bl izdkj gSa %

d½ pkWi % ;g ges'kk nqYgu dks mldh nknh ls fookg ds igys dh jLe esa nh tkrh gS

A ;g lh/kh] nksuksa rjQ ydhjsa flykbZ ds lkFk d<kbZ dh tkrh gS vkSj ihNs dh rjQ

Hkh ;g blh rjg fn[kkbZ iMRkk gS A 'kknh dk pkiW fofHkUu 'kknh ds ck?kksa vkSj

Qqydkfj;ksa ls lcls cM+s vkdkj dk gksrk gS A dsoy ckWMZu ij d<+kb dh tkrh gS A

;g nks rjg dk gS & ,d esa lc txg T;fefrd vkdkj dk gksrk gS vkSj nwljs esa

euq"; ds fp=] tkuoj ;k i{kh dk fp= pkjksa vksj chp esa dey eaMkyk e/; esa gksrk

gS A euq";] tkuoj] i{kh vkfn dh ckgjh vkd`fr cukus ds fy, nks jfUuax d<kbZ ;k

20

psbu d<+kbZ dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS A lk/kkj.kr% ;g LFkku Mkjfuax flykbZ ls Hkjk

tkrk gS A dHkh&dHkh lkfVu d<+kbZ ;k yack ruk flykbZ ;k lkfVu d<+kbZ dk Hkh iz;ksx

Nksj d<+kbZ djus ;k fdukjs ds ckMZj cukus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS A lk/kkj.kr;k

jfUuax d<+kbZ dk iz;ksx Qqydkjh ds fofHkUu d<+kbZ dks djus ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gS

A

[k½ ojh /kk ck?k % ;g d<+kbZ lqugjs ihys jax ls yky diM+s ij fd;k tkrk gS vkSj

;g izrhd gS] [qk'kh vkSj moZjdrk dk A iwjk diM+k fo"ke prqHkqZt fMtkbu ds lkFk

ckMZj ds vanj NksVs fMtkbu ls rFkk fQj nwljs jax ls lq{e dke fd;k tkrk gS A dqN

dfBu fMtkbuksa esa cM+s fo"ke prqHkZqt rhu ldsanzhd Hkkxksa esa caVk gksrk gS A lcls

Hkhrj dk fo"ke prqHkZqt pkj Hkkxksa esa mi foHkkftr gksrk gS A fofHkUu rjg ds vkdkj

dh d<kbZ fdukjs ds ckMZj vkSj iYyq esa fd;k tkrk gS A ;g cgqr esgur dk dke gS

vkSj blesa ,d lky ls Hkh vf/kd yxrk gS A vktdy bls ikfjokfjd gs;jyqe dh

rjg bLrseky fd;k tkrk gS A jLe ds rkSj ij izR;sd cgqr dks 'kknh dh jLe ds rqjar

ckn fn;k tkrk gS A bldh mRif k ekr`d Lusg ds :Ik esa gqvk ] blfy, ;g d<+kbZ

nknh }kjk dh tkrh gS vkSj bls iksrs dh cgq dh 'kknh ds le; nh tkrh gS A

x½ ?kqa?kV ck?k ;k lkjh iYyq ¼flj <dus ds fy, ½% blesa pkjksa rjQ cgqr NksVk ckMZj

gksrk gS A izR;sd fdukjs ds chp esa ftlls flj <dk tkrk gS ] ogk¡ ,d cM+h f=dks.kh

vkd`fr cuk;h tkrh gS A vkSj ckdh txgksa dks fcuk Hkjs j[kk tkrk gS A d<kbZ okyk

Hkkx chp esa gksrk gS] tc ?kqa?kV fy;k tkrk gS rks ;g Hkkx eq¡g dks <drk gS A iwohZ

iatkc esa ?kwa?kV ck?k lkM+h iYyq ds :Ik esa tkuk tkrk gS A nksuksa fdukjksa ij cM+s iYyq

gksrs gSa A diM+ksa ds nksuska ckgjh iVVs ij iwjh rjg ck?k QS'ku esa d<kbZ dh tkrh gS A

cgqjaxh; f=dks.k vkSj fo"ke dks.kh; prqHkqZt ds lkFk chp dk iVVk tks ?kqa?kV ck?k dh

21

rqyuk esa dqN NksVk gksrk gS ] dks tkuojksa dh vkd`fr if{k;ksa] vkHkq"k.k ;k ekuo

vkd`fr ds }kjk Hkjk tkrk gS A

?k½ ckou ck?k ¼iatkch esa ckou½ % cgqr ls T;fefrd isVuZ ds lkFk ;g vuks[ks rjg

dk ck?k gS A bl ckou ck?k esa nks fofHkUu T;kfefrd isVuksZa dh d<kbZ dh tkrh gS A

{ks= 42 ;k 48 cDlksa ;k prqHkZtksa esa caVk gksrk gS ] ftlesa izR;sd oxZ esa cgqjaxh

fofHkUu uewus gksrs gSa A cps gq, uewuksa dh d<kbZ iYyq vkSj fdukjs ds ckMZjksa esa dh

tkrh gS A ck?k esa cgqr dq'ky vkSj cgqeq[kh d<kbZ dh vko';drk iM+rh gS A

?k½ n'kZu }kj ¼nsorkvksa ds }kj ij yxk;s tkus ds fy,½ % ;g lk/kkj.kr% eafnjksa ds

ltkus ;k tc ?kjksa esa xq:xzaFk lkfgc vkrk gS A rc ?kj dh nhokjksa dsk ltk;k tkrk gS

A eafnjksa ds ckgjh njokts dh vkd`fr eafnjksa ds xksykdkj cjkcans ls izsfjr gksrh gS A

;g ges'k yky diM+s ij gksrh gS A LFkkiR; fMtkbu ckgjh xksykdkj xsV ds ckgjh

}kjQyd dh xksykdkj Å¡pkbZ ij cuk;h tkrh gS A mldk vk/kkj euq";] tkuoj] i{kh

rFkk Qqy vkfn dh vkd`fr ds lkFk ,d nwljs dh rjQ eq¡g djds gksrh gSa A xyh ls

tkrs gq, HkhM+ dks ns[krk gqvk vkneh rFkk vius&vius ?kjksa ds xsVksa ds njoktksa ij

[kM+h vkSj xsV ds Åij dk fgLlk Hkkjh gksrk gS A blesa fo"ke prqHkqZt ds T;kfefr

vkdkj vkSj f=dks.k cgq jax esa gksrs gSa A xsV rFkk fdukjs ckMZj dks ihys jax ds lwrh

/kkxs ls cph gqbZ d<kbZ dks fofHkUu jaxksa ds js'eh /kkxs ls dh tkrh gS A izR;sd isuy esa

xsVksa dh la[;k 4 ls 7 gksrh gS ] tks xsV ds vkdkj vkSj diM+s ds vkdkj ij fuHkZj

djrh gSa A fdukjs ds ckMZj vkSj nksuksa }kj ds Åij frdksuh txg NksM+h tkrh gS A

xsV dh rjg vkd`fr ij cgqr NksVs vkdkj esa foijhr fn'kk esa d<kbZ dh tkrh gS A

22

M+½ lcj Qqydkjh 'kknh ds le; vkx ds lkeus ;k xazFk lkfgc ds lkeus nqYgu }kj

iguk tkrk gS A blesa 5 Qqyokyh vkd`fr] ,d e/; Hkkx esa rFkk ,d ckdh pkjksa

dksuksa esa cuk;h tkrh gS A

p½ pack ,d ladj Qqydkjh gS A ftlesa ygjuqek yrk] i ks vkSj Qyksa dh vkd`fr gS

A;g 20 oha lnh ds 'k: esa gh izpyu esa vk x;k A

N½ lwjteq[kh pkWi vkSj xgjs ihys jax ds lk/kkj.k ck?k feyk gqvk :Ik gS A ;g

fofHkUu jaxksa esa gksrk gS A cM+s fo"ke prqHkZt dh d<kbZ chp esa dh tkrh gS ] tks 9

NksVs Hkkxksa esa mi foHkkftr gksrk gS A izR;sd NksVs fo"ke prqHkqZt ds e/; esa nwljk NksVk

fo"ke prqHkZt gksrk gS ftls lQsn js'ke ls lhek js[kk dkys vkSj yky /kkxs ls fd;k

tkrk gS A;g fo"ke prqHkqZtksa rFkk vafre Nksj ckMZj esa fxus gq, /kkxksa ls Qqydkjh 'kSyh

dh jQq d<+kbZ dh tkrh gS A ysfdu lHkh fo"ke prqHkZqt ,d nwljs ls nks rjQ ds js[kk

flykbZ pkWi 'kSyh ds T;kfefrd isVuZ tqMs gksrs gSa A fdukjs ds ckMZj dh d<kbZ nks rjQ

ds fdukjh dh js[kk lh flykbZ dh rjg gh fofHkUu jaxksa ds fo"ke prqHkqZt ls dh tkrh

gS A ;g esy cgqr vPNkz izHkko ykrk gS A

t½ eksj ;k rksrk ck?k % dqN ck?kksa ;k Qqydkjh esa eksj rksrs ;k fdlh vU; i{kh dh

,d vkd`fr gksrh gksrh gS ftls iwjs diM+s esa cssSaM dh la[;k d<kbZ dh tkrh gS A bu

ck?kksa vkSj Qqyokfj;ksa dks uke mlesa cus if{k;ska ds ukeksa ds vk/kkj ij tSls rksrk]

ck?k] eksj ck?k gksrk gS A

>½ fejph ck?k % tSls dh uke ls gh t+kfgj gS fd blesa yky] ukjaxh ;k gjs jax ls

dRFks diM+s ij d<+kbZ dh tkrh gS A

23

B½ lrjaxk lkr jax dh Qqydkjh gS A

M½ v'kzQh ck?k % yky vkSj ihys jax dh xksykdkj vkd`fr ds Qqy ck?k v'kzQh ck?k

dgykrk gS A ¼eksgj ;k lskus ds flDds½

<½ dkSjh ck?k % ck?k ds lrg ij cuk lh/ks ;k Vs<h&es<h ydhj dh NksVh lQsn fo"ke

prqHkqZt dkSjh ck?k dgykrk gS A

.k½ nfj;k ck?k lQsn lrg ij cuh uhys jax dh Vs<h&es<h ydhjsa gSa A

r½ 'kh'k ck?k tks lQsn jax dh bruh lVh gqbZ d<kbZ ftls ns[kus ls dk¡p ds tSls

izrhr gksrk gS A

Fk½ 'kh'ksnkj Qqydkjh % bl rjg dh Qqydkjh esa NskVh pednkj ugha cfYd Qhdh

xksydk¡p ds VqdM+sa gkssrs gSa A tc bl rjg dh Qqydkjh iguh tkrh gS rks ;g cgqr gh

vkd"kZd gksrh gS vkSj lkjk lalkj blesa izfrfofEcr gksrk gqvk ut+j vkrk gS A bl

rjg dh Qqydkjh fglkj vkSj galh esa iz[;kr gS A

n½ fuyd Qqydkjh dh d<kb usch ;k xgjs uhys jax ds [kknh ds diM++s esa dh tkrh gS

] lqanj NksVs Qqyksa dks ihys vkSj yky jax ds js'keh /kkxs ls dh tkrh gS A

/k½ gfj;k.kk ds fglkj ftys esa fcydqy gh vyx rjhdksa dh Qqydkjh cukbZ tkrh gS

tsk vc [kknh ds ctk; Åuh diM+ksa ls cuh gksrh gS vkSj d<+kbZ Åuh vkSj lwrh /kkxs

ls dh tkrh gS A

24

u½ xsank ck?k] eksfr;k ck?k] /kfu;k ck?k] ygsfj;k ck?k] djsyk ck?k] xksHkh ck?k] dkdjh

ck?k] 'kkyhekj ck?k] pkj ck?k] pkSjfl;k ck?k] /kwi&Nk¡o ck?k] i ksnkj ck?k] pk¡n ck?k]

l: ck?k] ipjaxh ck?k vkfn nwljs rjg ds iz[;kr ck?k gSa A

i½ lch Qqydkjh esa xsagq ;k ckjys dk ikuh ds lkFk dku ,d cgqr gh izpfyr

vkd`fr gS A

Q½ blds vykok gekjs pkjksa ds jkstejkZ ds oLrqvksa ls izsfjr fMtkbu QkSuk vkSj

Qyksjk Hkh bldyk esa viuk LFkku izkIr dj pqds gSa A

t½ mRiknu dk HkkSxksfyd vapy vkSj uD'k i`"B la[;k

eqyr% flD[k gh bl dyk ds vH;kl d kkZ rFkk laj{kd Fks A tcfd vc

Qqydkjh iwjs iatkc rFkk gfj;k.kk ds dqN Hkkxksa rFkk jktLFkku esa Hkh cuk;k tkrk gS A

iatkc esa ;g ve`rlj] tkya/kj] diqjrYyk ] gksf'k;kj iqj] yqf/k;kuk ] fQjkstiqj]

HkfVaMk] eqDrlkj vkSj ifV;kyk esa cuk;k tkrk gS A gfj;k.kk esa ;g vEcky vkSj

fgLlkj ftyksa esa cuk;k tkrk gS AjktLFkku esa ;g xaxkuxj esa cuk;k tkrk gS A

¼>½ mRif k dk lcwr ¼,sfrgkfld½ %

Qqydkjh d<+kbZ ds cgqr ls ,frgkfld vkSj lkfgfR;d nLrkost izkIr gSaA

lcls izkphu nLrkost xq:ukud nsoth dh ftUgksaus xq:eq[kh fy[kk ßdn df'knk iSgjS

pksyh] ru rqtkus ukjhÞ ftldk vuqokn tc rqe viuh Cykmt dh d<kbZ Lo;a djksxh]

rc gh rqEgsa ukjh ekuk tk;sxk A

25

Qqydkjh dk ftdz izfl) yksddFkk ghj jka>k tks iatkc ls fudyh gS ] esa Hkh

feyrh gS A fdlh&fdlh txgksa esa bl dk;Z dks df'knkdkjh Hkh dgk tkrk gS A

cgqr ls ,frgkfld nLrkost gSa] Qqydkjh dk igyk dk;kZy;h nLrkost lj

Msathy MCCjLrku ds yksddFkk dks'k esa izkIr gS vkSj iatkc dh tkfr;k¡ vkSj m kj

if'pe Hkkx ftlesa ijaijk dk fooj.k fn;k x;k gS vkSj tks bl izdkj gS %&

ß---------ijaijk -------- Qqydkjh vkSj pkiksa dks muds csfV;ksa dks mlds 'kknh ds

le; fn;k tkrk gS AÞ bldh funsZf'kr frfFk 1883 gS A

blds lkFk gh 1888 ds Hkkjrh; dyk if=dk ds vf/kfu;e LVhy esa Hkh

Qqydkjh dk ft+dz feyrk gS A ,l- ,l- fgrdkjh us Qqydkjh dh mRif k 19 oha lnh

esa crk;k gS A

mi;qZDr funsZ'k rFkk blds vykok Kkr vkSj cgqr vPNh rjg Kkr dks'k vaxzsth

oscsVVj rhljk u;k varnsZ'kh; dks'k esa Qqydkjh ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gS fd Qqyska dh

vkd`fr dh d<kbZ ] ,d iatkch fdlku dh pknj AÞ

baVjusV ls izkIr lq=ksa esa Qqydkjh d<kbZ ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gS vkSj bldks

Hkkjr ds {ks= esa mRiUu gksus okyh dyk crk;k x;k gS A

×k½ mRiknu dh fof/k %

Qqydkjh esa iz;qDr NksVs vkSj yacs fof/kiwoZd diM+ksa ij fd;s x;s jQq flykbZ gh

nwljs d<kbZ ls bls vyx djrs gSsa Abl d<kbZ esa diM+s ds mYVs vkSj ihNs dh rjQ

yxHkx 3 bap dh yEckbZ ds lkFk cM+h Nsnokyh lqbZ fy;k tkrk gS A jQq d<kbZ lh/kh

ydhjksa esa vkSj ?kqekonkj ugha gksrh vkSj lh/kh lery d<kbZ dq'kyrkiwoZd dh tkrh gS

26

A vla[;h; T;kfefrd fp=ksa dk Hkh iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS A fp=ksa dks /kkxksa ds fxukbZ ds

lkFk fu;a=.k fd;k tkrk gS AMkuZ flykbZ ds vykok psbu flykbZ] gsfjaxcksu flykbZ ]

lkVu d<kbZ rFkk ruk flykbZ dk Hkh iz;ksx Qqydkjh esa fd;k tkrk gS A

Qqydkjh d<kbZ jaxs gq, [kknh diM+s esa dh tkrh gS A [kknh dk iz;ksx blfy,

fd;k tkrk gS D;ksafd yacs vkSj NksVs d<kbZ esa iz;ksx fd, tkus okys /kkxs dks fxuus dss

fy, ;g lgk;d gkssrk gS A [kknh ds diM+s esa <k¡ps dh vko';drk ugha iM+rh D;ksafd

d<kbZ ds le; ;g diM+k f[kaprk ugha gSa A

vk/kkj diM+s dk lcls yksdfiz; jax yky vkSj blds fofHkUu 'ksM gSa A blh

dkj.k bl Qqydkjh dk iz;ksx vDlj 'kknh rFkk mRlo tSls egRoiw.kZ voljksa esa gksrk

gSA lqugjs ihys] yky] fdzelu] ukjaxh] uhyk] cSxuh] gjk] xgjk dRFkk vkSj lQsn

vkfn esa ges'kk fd;k tkrk gS A

ikjaifjd Qqydkjh dk iz;ksx vks<+uh] 'kky] pknj esa gksrk gS A tcfd ;g

dfBu rFkk le; vf/kd yxus okyh dyk gS A Qqydkjh dyk iatkch lwV] nqiVVk]

tsdsV rFkk LdVksa esa Hkh Qqydkjh vkd`fr cuk;k tkus yxk A diM+ksa ds vykok NksVs

FkSyh] ilZ vkSj ikspsl esa Hkh fMtkbu cukbZ tkrh gS A dq'ku dk [kksy Vscy DykWFk]

pknj vkSj nhokj ij Vkaxh tkus okyh [kqclwjr oLrq,¡ vkfn eq[; Qqydkjh oLrq,¡

vkfn gSa A [kknh ds cnys vPNs oL= tSls Vsjh oks;y] dzsIl] f'kQkWu] fyt+h&fct+h lwrh]

jaxs oL= js'keh oL= vkfn esa lkeus nkghus rjQ rFkk fofHkUu oL=ksa ij fMtkbu Nkius

ds ckn vkSj xksy Qzse dks iz;ksx djds mlh rjg d<kbZ dh tkrh gS A

Qqydkjh Hkkjr esa rFkk fu;kZr ckt+kj esa ,d iz[;kr dyk gS A lyokj deht+]

nqiêk] rdh;sa ds [kksy] dq'ku] tSdsV] Vksih] pknj vkfn ij fd;k tkus okyk Qqydkjh

dk;Z fo[;kr rFkk ckt+kj esa bldh cgqr ekax gS A Qqydkjh esa iz;qDr gksus okyh bruh

vuks[ks rFkk vyx rjg dk gS fd nwljs rjg dh d<kbZ ls bls vklkuh ls vyx fd;k

tk ldrk gS A

27

V½ vuks[kkiu %

Qqydkjh d<kbZ lk/kkj.kr% jQq flykbZ esa eksVh oL= ds mYVh rjQ dh tkrh gS

A

Qqydkjh d<kbZ fu;fer yackbZ ½ lseh- ;k 1Þ dk pkSFkkbZ Hkkx gksrk gS A

isVuZ /kkxs ds fxukbZ ds }kjk fu;af=r dh tkrh gS A

MkfuZax d<kbZ lh/kh ydhj esa T;kfefrd isVuZ esa cukbZ tkrh gS A

Qqydkjh lk/kkj.kr% isVuZ ds fcuk enn ds dh tkrh gS A

B½ tk¡p fudk; %

iatkc dqVhj m|ksx vkSj fu;kZr fuxe fyfeVsM iatkc jkT; ljdkj dh Lok; k

bZdkbZ gS rFkk m|ksx dh lsok ds fy, dEifu vf/kfu;e 1956 ds varxZr fuxfer gS A

dk;kZy; vkns'k ds vkosnu esa lfefr ftlesa dk;Zdkjh eq[; vkSj nks fodz; izca/kd

gksrs gSa A mRikn ds Å¡ph xq.ko kk dks fu;a=.k djus ds lkFk dPpk eky] fMtkbu]

NkibZ] dh [kjhnnkjh ds le;] jaxkbZ ds ;kstuk dk fu.kZ; rFkk tc d<kbZ dk dk;Z

fd;k tk jgk gks os mifLFkr jgrs gSa A vkosnd ;ksX; ckgjh lnL; dks lfefr esa

'kkfey ;k fuxfer dj ldrk gS A

28

th- vkbZ & vkosnu la[;k & 38

;g vthZ fjykbvUl bu~MfLVªl~ fyfeVsM us Hksth gSa] oxZ 4 ds varxZr isVªksy] ,fo,”ku~ bZa/ku] ,y-ih-th vkSj Mhty dks iath ds Hkkx ^v* es iathd`r djus ds fy, th- vkbZ vkosnu la[;k 38 ds v/khu ;g vthZ Hksth xbZ gSa] jftLVªkj ds fnukad 2 fnlEcj 2005 ds vkns“kkuqlkj bls ,d LkkFk foy; djds ,d vkosnu cuk fn;k x;k gSa ftls vkosnd us fof/kor~ Lohdkj fd;k vkSj HkkSxksfyd min”kZu eky ¼iathdj.k vkSj laj{k.k½ fof/k] 1999 ds Hkkx 13 ds miHkkx ¼1½ ds v/khu mldh Lohd`fr djus gsrq ,rn~ }kjk ;g foKkiu fn;k tkrk gS A

vkosnd% % fjykbvUl bu~MfLVªl~ fyfeVsM

irk % esdj pSEcj~ & IV,

rhljh eafty] 222] ukjheu ikbaV]

eqEcbZ & 400 021- HkkSxksfyd min”kZu %

tkeuxjtkeuxj

tkeuxj

tkeuxj

tkeuxj

oxZ % 4

eky % isVªksy] ,fo,”ku~ bZa/ku] ,y ih-th vkSj Mhty

32

I. ¼d½ vkosnd dk uke % fjykbvUl bu~MfLVªl~ fyfeVsM

¼[k½ irk % esdj pSEcj~ & IV,

rhljh eafty] 222] ukjheu ikbaV]

eqEcbZ & 400 021-

¼x½ O;fDr@mRiknd@laxBu@izf/kdkj@

la?k dh lwph % ekaxs tkus ij fn;k tk;sxk

¼?k½ ekyksa dk oxZ % vkSn~;ksfxd eky

¼³½ fufnZf’Vdj.k %

th- vkbZ vkosnu la[;k 38 fufnZf’Vdj.k

tkeuxj & isVªksy ;g mRikn vkbZ- ,l & 2796 % 2000

fufnZf’Vdj.k ls feyrk gS A

tkeuxj & bZa/ku Mh-bZ-,Q ,l-Vh-,-,u 91/91 Hkkjrh; ekud

lekukFkhZ vkbZ-,l & 1571&2001 vkSj ,-

,l-Vh- ,e Mh & 1655-

tkeuxj & ,y-ih-th ;g mRikn vkbZ- ,l & 4576 % 1999

fufnZf’Vdj.k ds vuqlkj feyrk

gS

tkeuxj & Mhty ;g vkbZ-,l & 1460 % 2005

fufnZf’Vdj.k ls feyrk gS A

33

¼p½ HkkSxksfyd min”kZu ds uke ¼vkSj fooj.k½ %

tkeuxj

tkeuxj

tkeuxj

tkeuxj

¼N½ eky dk o.kZu %

1- tkeuxj & isVªksy %

tkeuxj mRiknu dkEIysDl lcls cM+k vkSn~;ksfxd ifj;kstuk gSa tks

142-5 fcfyvu dh ykxr ls cuk;k x;k lEiw.kZ mRiknu dkEIysDl gS ftles gS A (i)isVªksfy;e ifj’dj.k“kkyk dkEIysDl (ii) ,jksekfVd @esVªksdsfedy dkEIysDl (iii)fo|qr mRiknu dkEIysDl (iv) cnjxkg vkSj VfeZuy dkEIysDl ftlesa ikbi ykbu gS

tks gj o’kZ 27 fefy;u esfVªd Vu vifj’d`r izØe.k {kerk j[krk gS A

isVªksy dk lcls cM+k mRiknd vkosnd gS A ;g mRikn vkUrfjd jklk;fud

ngu fpaxkjh izToyu baftu vkSj gYds dguksa es ifjogu mÌs”; ds fy, eksVj xkM+h

ijiy”ku es mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS A tkeuxj dkEIysDl esa bl mPp f’ky; dh

ek=k ls Q+hM~LVkWd vkSj mrikn ;kstd dks vkKk feyrh gS ftlls mPprj

dk;Zdq”kyrk vkSj ewY; c<+ko es o`f) gksrh gS A

34

2- tkeuxj & bZa/ku %

;g ok;q;ku Vjckbu baftu es izisyvaV ds :i es mi;ksx gksrk gS A bZ+/ku

iw.kZr% gkbMªks&dkcZu~ dEikmUM gksrk gS tks ijEijkxr lzksr ftlesa vifj’d`r rsy]

izkd`frd xSl nzo la/kuu vkSj ;ksX; tksM+d ls izkIr fd;k tkrk gS A

3- tkeuxj & ,y-ih-th %

fyfDoQ+kbM isVªksfy;e xSl ¼,y-ih-th½ dk lcls cM+k mRiknd vkosnd gS A

vkosnd ;g mYys[k djrk gS fd mlds }kjk mRikfnr ,y-ih-th ns”k dk yxHkx 25%

ek¡x dh vkiwfrZ djrk gS A ;g xSlh; mRikn gS ftles dksbZ x/k ugh gksrk gS A ;g

Toyu”khy inkFkZ gS A blesa de ek+k es ¼gj fefyFku ij 20 Hkkx½ bZfFky esjdsiVu

feykFkk tkrk gS rkfd bls fof”k’V xa/k fey lds vkSj fjlko ds nkSjku bl inkFkZ dks

igpkuk tk lds A

4- tkeuxj & Mhty %

ifjoguh; bZa/ku ds :i es eq[; :i ls Mhty dk mi;ksx gksrk gS A

Mhty dk mi;ksx Hkkjh okgu] jsyos baftu] tgktjkuh baftu] d`f’k iEi vkSj

fo|qr mRiknu ;a= es gksrk gS A

vc bl mRikn dk fu;kZr gksrk gS ftlls fons”kh fofue; es o`f) gksrk gS vkSj

ns”k dk vkfFkZd fodkl gksrk gS A

¼t½ mRiknu dk HkkSxksfyd vapy vkSj uD”k i`’B la[;k es fn;k x;k gS A

fLFkfr %

dqy {ks= % lEiw.kZ tkeuxj dkWEIysDl es mRiknu vkSj lEcn~/k lqfo/kk tSls mi;ksxh

oLrq vkSj nwjLFkku] cUnjxkg lqfo/kk “kkfey gS vkSj deZpkfj;ksa ds fy, fuokl{ks=

7]500 ,dM+ ls T;knk QSyk gqvk gS A fjykbvUl dk iw.kZ ifj’dj.k “kkyk ;qDr

isVªksdsfedy dkEIysDl xqtjkr jkT; ds eksrh[kkoM+h xk¡o] ykyiqj & rkyqd] tkeuxj

ftyk esa fLFkr gS A ;g dPN dh [kkM+h ds fudV fLFkr fu.kkZ;d canjxkg gS] ,d

lqjf{kr [kkM+h canjxkg tks e/; & iwoZ vifj’d`r rsy lzksr ds fudV gS A

tkeuxj ftyk] xqtjkr%

v{kka”k % 22-27 mÙkj

35

ns”kkarj % 70-07 iwoZ

¼>½ mRifÙk dk lcwr ¼,sfrgkfld vfHkys[k½ %

1991 es] bl {ks= es Hkkjr ljdkj us futh {ks= ls fuos”k dh vuqefr

fn;k A de d`ik okys lqnwj {ks= esa Hkkjh fuos”k fd;k x;k ftlds dkj.k LFkkuhFk

xzkeh.k {ks= es lq/kkj gqvk vkSj bl {ks= es xzeh.k tula[;k ogh jgh vkSj ;g blls

xzkeh.k fodkl dks enn feyrh gS A 8 twu 1998 ds ,sfrgkfld Hkkjh pØokr ds vkus

ds i”pkr vkosnd us fjdkbZ 15 fnuksa es Hkkjh {kfr dk ejEer fd;k vkSj lkekU;

fLFkfr dks iqu% lFkkfir fd;k A

¼´½ mRiknu dh jhfr %

tkeuxj & isVªksy] tkeuxj & ,fo,”ku~ bZa/ku] tkeuxj & ,y-ih-th

vkSj tkeuxj & Mhty esa fuEufyf[kr ifj’dj.k izfØ;k lkekU; gS %

¼v½ vfHklzko.k ¼ok;qe.MyhFk vkSj oSD;we½

;g ifj’dj.k dk izFke Lrj gS ftles vifj’d`r rsy va”k dks vyx

djus ds fy, ok;qe.Myh; ncko ls m’ek nh tkrh gS vkSj ckn esa fgLls ¼viw.kZ

isVªksfy;e mRikn½ dks “khry djus ds fy, la/kfur fd;k tkrk gS A

de ncko ¼ok;qe.Myh; ls de½ ds vUnj vfHklzko.k ls vFkkZr oSD;we

vfHklzko.k ls vfHklzko.k okyk nzo dk mcky rkieku de gks tkrk gS ftlls

vfHklzko.k dk mRiknu de rkieku ij gksrk gS ok;qe.MyhFk vfHklzko.k ds

vko”o;Drk ls de ftlls dksd dk fuekZ.k ugh gksrk gSa A

tkeuxj es la;qDr vifj’d`r vfHklzko.k bdkbZ @ oSD;we vifj’d`r bdkbZ

¼lh-Mh-;w@ oh-Mh-;w½ gS tks vifj’dqr rsy dks eq[; [kaM ,y-ih-th] ukiFkk] feÍh dk

rsy] xSlvk;y] oSD;we xSl rsy vkSj oSd;we vo”ks’k ls vyx djrk gS A la;qDr lh-

Mh-;w@oh-Mh-;w ÅtkZ f’ky; dks c<+krk gS rkfd izkFkfed i`Fkdrk ds le; de ÅtkZ

dh vko”;drk gks A

36

¼vk½ LohVfuax

isVªksfy;e mRikn esjdsiVu ¼lyQj dk ,d izdkj½ ls jfgr gksuk

pkfg, ugh rks tyrs oDr xa/kk xa/kk vkrk gS A LohVfuax ,d izfØ;k gS ftles

vkWDflMs”ku ls esjdsiVu dks fudkyk tkrk gS A bl LohVfuax izfØ;k dks isVsaV

izfØFkk uke esjksDl ;k esjdsiVu vkWDflMs”ku ls csgrj tkuk tkrk gS A fjykbvUl

ds ikl 4 LohVfuax bdkbZ gS tks fuEufyf[kr ls esjdsiVu fudkyrk gS %&

lSpqjsVM ,y-ih-th

vulSpwjsVM ,y-ih-th

xSlksfyu

feÍh dk rsy

¼M½ izkSn~;ksfxdh izfØ;k

tkeuxj dkEIysDl es lHkh izfØ;k bdkbZ HkO; izkSn~;ksfxdh ij vk/kfjr

gS A dqN eq[; izkSn~;ksfxdh gS %

gkbMªksMhlyQwjhlV % ;w-vks-ih

dSVsfyfVd fjQksfeZax % ;w-vks-ih

¶yw;M+ dSVsfyfVd Økd % ;w-vks-ih

bdkbZ

Mhys;M dksdj bdkbZ % QksLVj Oghyj bad

lyQj fjdojh % Cykd ,.M forN fizrpkbZ

gkbMªkstu tsujs”k;w % fyUMs ,- th

esjksDl fVªVhax % ;w-vks-ih

,l-,p-ih @ Vh-,-,e-bZ % ;w-vks-ih

tkeuxj & isVªksy vkSj tkeuxj & ,y-ih-th dk fuEufyf[kr lkekU; ifj’dj.k

izfØ;k %

dSVsfyfVd Økfdax

dSVsfyfVd Økfdax ,d izfØ;k gS tks cM+s] Hkkjh vkSj vf/kd tfVy

gkMªksdkcZu v.kq dks ljy vkSj gYds v.kq es rksM+rk gS m’ek dh lgkFkrk ls vkSj

37

dSVsfyLV dh mifLFkfr bldh lgk;rk djrk gS ysfdu bles gkbMªkstu dks ugh Mkyk

tkrk gS A bl rjg] Hkkuh rsy ¼bZa/ku rsy va”k½ dks gYds vkSj vf/kd ewY;oku mRikn

¼mYys[kuh; ,y-ih-th] xSlksfyu vkSj e/; vkfHklzko.k va”k½ esa cny fn;k tkrk

gS A dSVsfyfVd Økfdax bdkbZ dks ¶ywM+kbZTM+ dSVsfyfVd Økfdax Fkk ,Q-lh-lh dgrs

gS A

ifj’dj.k m|ksx es xkS.k ifjorZu izfØ;k ds fy, ,Q-lh-lh dk O;kid

mi;ksx gksrk gS A ijEijkxr rkSj ls ,Q-lh-lh dks vf/kdre xSlksfyu <ax ls Fkk

vf/kdre vfHklzko.k <ax ls izpkyu fd;k tkrk gSa] tks vkerkSj ls ekSleh mRikn ek¡x

<k¡pk ij fuHkZj gS A

gky es rhljk <ax dk egRo c<+ jgk gS] og gS vf/kdre vksysfQu <ax

tks ,y-ih-th] izksihyhu vkSj C;wVhyhu dh c<+ksrjh djrk gS A Hkkjr es vf/kdre ewY;

c<+ksrjh ds fy, ,Q-lh-lh dk vf/kdre vksysfQu <ax vuqdwy gS D;ksafd ,y-ih-th

vkSj izksihyhu mPprj ewY; isVªksfy;e mRikn gS A fjykbvUl tkeuxj ,Q-lh-lh dk

vf/kdre vksysfQu <ax ls izpkyu djrk gS rkfd ,y-ih-th vkSj izksihyhu dh c<+ksrjh

gks lds A

,Q-lh-lh dk vf/kdre vksysfQu <ax vblksC;wVhyhu dk Hkh mRiknu

djrk gS tks ,e-Vh-ch-bZ ds fy, mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] vblksC;wVhu vkSj C;wVhyhu dks

vyfdysV vkSj vblksvehyhu esa izØe.k dh tk ldrh gS vkSj Vh-,-,e-bZ es mi;ksx

dh tk ldrh gS A ,e-Vh-ch-bZ] vyfdysV vkSj Vh-,-,e-bZ izeq[k xSlksyhu

tksM+ gS tks xSlksyhu dh xq.krk dks lq/kkjrk gS A

,Q-lh-lh- lkexzh dks oSD;we xSl rsy ¼oh-th-vks½ Hkh dgk tkrk gS D;ksafd ;g vkerkSj

ls oSD;we vfHklzko.k dkWye dk gh mRikn gS A ,Q-lh-lh lkexzh rhu izdkj ds gksrs gS

%&

oh-th-vks

gbMªksVªhVM oh-th-vks

38

oh-vkj ls fefJr oh-th- vks ¼bl izfØ;k dks jsflM ,Q-lh-lh ;k vkj ,Q-lh-lh

dgrs gSa A½

,Q-lh-lh lkexzh dk oh-th-vks inkFkZ dk mRiknu lh-Mh-;w @ oh-Mh-;w dk oSD;we

vfHklzko.k dkWye vkSj dksdj ls gksrk gS A

tkeuxj&,fo,”ku~ bZa/ku vkSj tkeuxj Mhty dk fuEufyf[kr lkekU; ifj’dj.k

izfØ;k %

gkbMªksVªhfVax

dSVsfyLV vkSj gkbMªkstu dh i;kZIr ek=k dh mifLFkfr es gkbMªksVªhfVax

ls isVªksfy;e [kaM dk mipkj fd;k tkrk gS A gkbMªksVªhfVax ls ifj.kkeLo:i

MhlyQwfjls”ku ¼lyQj jfgr½] MhukbZVªhfQds”ku ¼ukbZVªkstu va”k jfgr½ gksrk gS vkSj

vksysfQul~ dk isjkfQul es ifjorZu gksrk gS A

vifj’d`r ^vkHklzko.k ds lkis{k es fjykbval ds ikl vf/kdrj

gkbMªksVªhfVax {kerk gS fulls ;g fo”o Lrj mRikn vkSj mPp ewY; tksM dk mRiknu

djrk gS A

tkeuxj & isVªksy %

ifj’dj.k izfØ;k

¼v½ vydhys”ku

vydhys”ku izfØ;k es vkbZlksC;wVsu dks gYds vksyhfQuhd gkbMªksdkcZu

ls jlk;fud rkSj ls la;qDr fd;k tkrk gS] iz:ih lh 3 vkSj lh 4 vksysfQul~

¼mnkgj.k izksihyhu] C;wVhyhu½ ds lkFk ,flM dSVsfyLV ds mifLFkfr esa lkekU;r%

lyQwfjd ,flM ;k gkbMªks¶yksfjd ,flM gksrk gS A ;g mRikn vydhysV

¼vkbZlksisjkQhu½ es mPp vkWdVsu ewY; gksrk gS vkSj ;g eksVj vkSj ;g eksVj vkSj

,fo,”ku~ xSlksyhu ls fefJr fd;k tkrk gS rkfd bZa/ku ds [kM+[kM+kgV ojks/kh ewY; dks

lq/kkjk tk lds A

39

gYdk vksysfQu lkekU;r% dSVsfyfVd dkdj ls miyC/k gks tkrk gS A

vydhysV ,d cf<+;k xSlksfyu fefJr va”k gS D;ksafd ;g lkQ tyrk gS] cgqr de

lyQj va”k gS A dksbZ vksysfQuhd ;k ,sjksesfVd va”k ugh gksrk vkSj mPp vkWDVsu vkSj

de Hkki ncko bldh fof”k’Vrk gS A

Hkkjrh; n`”; fof”k’V gS] tgk¡ ,d txg fodflr ns”kks dh rqyuk es

;gk¡ xSlsfyu dk miHkksx de gS nwljh txg lh 3 vkSj lh 4 va”k tks vydhsys”ku es

Q+hMLVkWd dk mi;ksx gksrk gS] fodYi tSls ,y-ih-th ls dgh T;knk eqY; nsrk gS A

Hkkjr es ,y-ih-th dh Hkkjh deh gS vkSj bl ek¡x dh iwfrZ ds fy,

fjykbvUl us ftk;u dks vkdkj fn;k rkfd ,y-ih-th dh vf/kdre mRiknu gks A

vr% vHkh izØe.k ;kstuk es vydhys”ku “kkfey ugh gS A

¼vk½ cSjy~ izØe.k dk fuEure

5650 ls- Åij oSD;we vo”ks’k ds mcky dks ÞcSjy~ izØe.k dk fuEureß

dgrs gS A ;g oSD;we vfHklzko.k dkWye ds fuEurels mRiknu fd;k tkrk gS A

ijEijkxr :i ls bl inkFkZ es lyQj vf/kd] ,lQkyVsUl vkSj /kkrq dks feykdj

Hkkjh ;k vkS|ksfxd bZa/ku rsy es Mkyk tkrk gS A

mPp lyQj bZa/ku rsy dk fuxZe dsUnz es lyQj vkWDlkbM vkSj

uhbZVªl vkWdlkbV ij dM+k mRlzko ekud ds dkj.k rhozrk ls deh vk jgh gS A fo”o

ds dbZ Hkkxksa es fo|qr mRiknu es ;g igys ls ns[kk tk ldrk gS fd Hkkjh bZa/ku rsy

dh txg “kq) nnu izkd`frd xSl us fy;k gS A izkd`frd vkSj miyC/krk ds dkj.kksa ls

lyQj bZa/ku rsy dks foLFkkfir djds izkd`frd xSl dh vkSj tkus dh xfr es rhozrh

dh laHkkouk gS A

cSjy~] izØe.k dk fuEure es dbZ f’kdYi tSls nsjh dksfdax] folczsfdax

vkSj jsflM MhlyQwjhts”ku “kkfey gS A ÞcSjy dk fuEureß dks mPp dksfV djus ds

fy, fjykbvUl us nsjh dksfdax dks pquk gS A

40

¼b½ vkWDlhtusVl

vkWDlhtusVl bZFkj gksrk gS tks xSlksfyu dks lq/kkjus ds fy, xSlksfyu

tksM+d ds rkSj ij mi;ksx gksrk gS A nks eq[; vkWDlhtusVl feFkkby Vjf”kFkjh

C;wVby bZFkj ¼,e-Vh-ch-bZ½ vkSj Vjf”k;jh vfey feFkkby bZFkj ¼Vh-,-,e-bZ½ gS A

¼bZ½ fjQkeZbax

fjQkeZbax izfØ;k esa gkbMªksdkcZu v.kq dks ukIFkk ¼;k ukIFkk izdkj½ QhM

es iquO;ofLFkr fd;k tkrk gS] mlds }kjk ijkQhuhd vkSj ukIFksuhd izdkj ds

gkbMªksdkcZu dks ,jksesfVd izdkj ds gkbMªksdkcZu es ifjorZu fd;k tkrk gS] tks iw.kZ

xSlksyhu dks feJ.k ds fy, vuqdwy gS A D;ksafd bldk mRikn] fjQkesZV] blds QhM+

ukIFkk dh rqyuk esa ,jksesfVdl es /kuh gS] bl izfØFkk ds mi;ksx ls ,jksesfVd

isVªksdsfedy ¼csuthu] Vksyhu] tbZyhu½ dk Hkh mRiknu gksrk gS A

fjQkeZbax izfØ;k es mPp rkieku vkSj dSVsfyLV dh vko”;drk iMrh

gS izfrfØ;k dks ljy cukus ds fy, A fjQkeZbax dSVsfyLV es IykfVue gksrk gS A

IykfVue vk/kkfjr dSVsfyLV dh j{kk djuh gS vkSj vr% fjQkeZj QhM+ dks lyij

jfgr j[kk tkrk gS A

¼m½ FkeZy Økfdax bl izfØ;k es] gkbZMªksdkcZu v.kq dks rki vkSj ncko ls rksM+k iquO;ofLFkr Fkk la;qDr fd;k tkrk gS A FkeZy Økfdax es fol & czsfdax] nsjh dksfdax] izokfgr dksfdax vkSj vU; ln`”k izfØ;k “kkfey gS½-

¼V½ vrwyuh;rk %

1- tkeuxj & isVªksy %

;g mRikn vkbZ- ,l & 2796 % 2000 fufnZf’Vdj.k ls feyrk gS A

2- tkeuxj & bZa/ku %

;g mRikn Mh-bZ-,Q ,l-Vh-,-,u 91/91] Hkkjrh; ekud vkbZ-,l &

1571 & 2001 vkSj ,-,l-Vh-,e- Mh & 1655 ls feyrk gS A

41

3- tkeuxj & ,y-ih-th %

xq.krk vkSj ek=k es cgqr mPp n{krk ifj’dj.k”kkyk gS tks

fufnZf’Vdj.k vkbZ-,l & 4576 % 1999 ds vuqlkj feyrk gS] gj fnu 40 Vu dk xSl

cjken djrk gS A ;g ,d lcls de cjcknh ¼0-2%½ okyk mRiknu ifj’dj.k”kkyk gS

A

bl mRikj es dksbZ xa/k ugh gksrk gS A la;r ncko ds vuqiz;ksx ds ckn

ok’i nzo es cny tkrk gS vkSj ncko ds rgr laHkkyk tkrk gS A ;g ,d Toyu”khy

inkFkZ gS] blesa de ek=k es ¼gj fefy;u ij 20 Hkkx½ bZfFky esjdsiVu feyk;k tkrk

gS rkfd bls f’kf”k’V xa/k fey lds vkSj fjlko ds nkSjku bl inkFkZ dks igpkuk tk

lds A ;g lqj{kk dk;Zokgh ds fy, ,slk fd;k tkrk gS A

4- tkeuxj & Mhty %

;g vkbZ- ,l & 1460 % 2005 fufnZf’Vdj.k ls feyrk gS A

¼I½ xq.krk %¼v½ dPpk vfHklzko.k dh rqyuk es tkeuxj ifj’dj.k “kkyk ds ikl lcls vf/kd

gkbMªkssVªhfVax {kerk gS ftlls ;g fo”o Lrj mRikn vkSj mPp eqY; tksM dk

mRiknu djrk gS A

¼vk½ tkeuxj ifj’dj.k”kkyk ds ikl ns”k dk lcls cM+k ,y-ih-th ikbiykbu usVodZ

gS A

¼b½ vU; dh rqyuk es ifj’dj.k”kyk viuh mPp mRikn ds fy, fif”k’V gS A bles

mPp eqY; mRikn tSls izksihyhu vkSj ,y-ih-th ¼10% ls vf/kd ifj’d`r dPpk

rsy½ dh ek=k vf/kd gS A

¼bZ½ mRikn Hkkjr @ ;qjks&2 vkSj Hkkjr @ ;qjks&3 dh vko”;drkvks dh iwfrZ djrk

gS A

¼m½ tkeuxj ifj’dj.k”kyk ifj;kstuk es mRiknu izfØ;k Lo;a & loksZ nks’k fu;a=.k

ra= gS A

42

¼Å½ Hkkjh rsy dh ifj’dj.k dh fof”k’V izfØ;k varjkZjk’Vªh; ekud dh iwfrZ djrk gS

A tkeuxj es mRikfnr mRikn varjkZjk’Vªh; ekud ds leku gS A bls xq.krk

vkSj ykxr ds vk/kkj ij lcls bZa/ku n{krk ifj’dj.k”kkyk dgrs gS A

¼II½ ifj’dj.k”kyk dkWEIysDl dk eq[; fo”ks’krk %

¼v½ ÅtkZ vko”drk, tSls fo|qr vkSj Hkki dh iwfrZ ds fy, lHkh lqf’k/kk, ls

lqlMftr gS] bl dkWEIysDl dks fo”o Lrj dk lSU;ra= vkSj ccanjxkg lqfo/kk dk

leFkZu izkIr gS A

¼vk½ vkj-vkbZ-,y tkeuxj ifj’dj.k”kkyk es vf/kd ek=k es ,y- th mRiknu ds

dkj.k] Hkkjrh; xSl izkf/kdj.k fyfeVsM ¼th-,-vkbZ-,y½ us ns”k Hkj es ,y-ih-th

ibiykbu fcNk;k] tks bl ifj’dj.k”kkyk dks mÙkj Hkkjr ds lkoZtfud {ks=

bdkbZ rsy foi.ku dEiuh ¼vkbZ- vks-lh] ch-ih-lh-,y vkSj ,p-ih-lh-,y½ ds ,y-

ih-th VfeZuy tks vtisj] t;iqj] fi;kyk ¼Qjhnkckn & gkjh;k.kk ds ikl½ vkSj

yksuh ¼xaft;kckn ds ikl] mÙkjizns”k½ es fLFkr gS] dks tksM+rk gS A bl

ikbiykbu us ns”k es ,y-ih-th ifjogu ds fy, lqjf{kr] fo”oluh; vkSj

fdQk;rh <ax fn;k] ftlls jktekxZ es pyus okys dbZ ,y-ih-th VSad Vªd

fudky fn;s x;s A ns”k Hkj es QSyk ;g ,y-ih-th ikbiykbu tkeuxj dh

fof”k’Vrk gS A

¼b½ fo”o Lrj ij ÞfjykbvUl tkeuxj esfju VfeZuy & flDdkß canjxkg dks

mn~/k`r fd;k tkrk gS A

¼bZ½ ifj’dj.k <k¡pk viuh mPp mRikn ds fy, fof”k’V gS A bl lEcU/k es nks eq[;

fo”ks’krk, gS %

1- vU; ifj’dj.k”kkyk dh rqyuk es ;gk¡ vf/kd ek=k es mPp & eqY; mRikn tSls

izksihyhu vkSj ,y-ih-th ¼dPpk rsy izØe.k ds 10% lsT;knk gS A

43

2- lkekU; ifjfLFkfr es fuEu & ewY; dk Þdkyk & rsyß & bZ/ku rsy dk mRiknu

“kwU; gS A ¼ vU; ifj’dj.k”kkyk dh dPpk rsy izØe.k ls 12&20% dh

rqyuk es½

¼III½ xq.krk ekU;rk %

¼v½ usylu & dkWEIysfDlVh baMsDl 10-7 ¼izfr}Unh;ksa dh dkWEIysfdlVh bMsDl mls 4

ls T;knk ugh c<+rk gS½

¼vk½ gekjs ifj;kstuk {kerk Hkkjr @ ;wjks & 2 vkSj Hkkjr @ ;wjks & 3 gS A

¼b½ fo”o es lcls T;knk bZa/ku n{krk okyk ifj’dj.k”kkyk-

¼bZ½ bZa/ku dk lcls cM+k fu;fod A

¼m½ lksykseu vlksfl,V dk ry fpÍu dgrk gS fd gekjk ifj;kstuk es U;wure

izpkyu O;; ds lkFk mÙke xq.krk mRikn gS A

¼_½ leqnz ikuh ls [kkjsiu dks fudkyk tkrk gS A vkosnd mRiknu izØe.k es “kq)

ikuh dk iz;ksx ugh djrk gS A

¼,½ dksbZ cfg % L=koh ugh fudyrk & i;kZoj.k fe= ifj;kstuk A

¼B½ fujh{k.k fudk; %

mRiknu izfØ;k ij fuEufyf[kr lapkyu gS %

¼v½ isVªksfy;e vf/kfu;e] 1934 ¼la”kksf/kr½

¼vk½ isVªksfy;e fu;e] 2002

¼b½ ,DlIYkksfjax vf/kfu;e

¼bZ½ fyDohQkbM isVªksfy;e xSl fu;e

¼m½ iwjh xfrfof/k Lo;a & loksZ nks’k fu;a=.k ra= ij gS A

xq.krk dne %

¼v½ vkosnd us “kqU; nks’k dk;Z laLd`fr fe”ku dks ikus ds fy, N flEek izkjaHk dks

viuk;k gS A

¼vk½ bl O;kikj dk Hkfo’; n`f’Vdks.k mTtoy gS vkSj fudV Hkfo’; es fjyk;vUl

fjVsy isVªksfy;e {ks= es ctkj es egRoiw.kZ fgLlk ik;sxk A

44

¼b½ ,u-,-ch-,y }kjk lh-,e-,l ds vkbZZ-,l-vks @ vkbZ-bZ-,l 17025 ikus ij

fjykbvUl iz;ksx”kkyk dks izO;kf;r fd;k x;k A

¼M½ vU; %

pkyw ifj;kstuk ls 140 djksM+ #i;s dk ykHk fu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS A

;g dgk tkrk gS fd Hkkjh fuos”k ls tkeuxj es xq.krk mRikn dk mRiknu gksrk

gS] ftlls mls vyx igpku vkSj uke feyk A ¼fo”o dk lcls cM+k fuxe 2004

dk QkWjP;wu Xykscy 500 lwph½

tkeuxj es mRikfnr mRikn viuh txg ls igpkuh vkSj ekuk tkrk gS A

viuh mRikn ds fof”k’V xq.k ls viuh {kerk ls nwljs mRiknksa ls vyx j[krk gS

ftles vf/kd ekuo Je dk lacn~/k gS A

ekpZ 2005 es Hkkjrh; lkaf[;dh laLFkku ds 50 o’kZ ds lekjksg es gekjs rhu N

flXek ifj;kstuk ds loksZPp rhu ifj;kstuk dgk x;k A

dkMZ ij vk/kkfjr QhV lsok dk;ZØe ls okgd ekfydks dks izpkyu n{krk es

egRoiw.kZ lq/kkj vk;k A

fjykbvUl dks vius xq.krk {ks= es eU;rk;sa feyrh jgh & tkeuxj iz;ksx”kkyk

dks lh-bZ- ,e- vkbZ-,y-,-lh ¼lsaVj QkWj feyhVªh ,eoksjVhul ,.M lsjVhQhds”ku½

dks vkSj ls mPp xq.krk fo”okl vkSj eki fu;a=.k ds ,ukfyfVdy {ks= es

ekU;rk feyh A

lky es gj eghus] fjykbvUl dks LVsy XyksCy lfoZl QkWj ,Dlhysal bu

jsyh;CyhVh ,.M jslYV ls Lo.kZ izek.k i= feyrk gS A

fjVsy fuxZe dsUnz es izksUufr %

isVªksfy;e mRikn ds fjVsy foi.ku es izos”k ds ckn m|ksx vkSlru ls T;knk

fcd jgh gS A

iqjLdkj %

¼v½ isVªksfy;e {ks= es ;ksxnku ds fy,] fjykbvUl xzwi dEiuh ds laLFkkid vkSj

ps;jeSu LoxhZ; f/k#HkkbZ vEckuh dks ybQVkbe vphoesV iqjLdkj feyk A

45

¼vk½ vDVwcj 2004 es yxkrkj nwljh lky tkeuxj dkEIysDl dks Þ,Dlhyssal bu

,uthZ eSustesaVß iqjLdkj feyk A

¼b½ vizSy 2004 es QsMjs”ku vkWQ xqtjkr m|ksx dh rjQ ls tkeuxj

ifj’dj.k”kkyk dks Þ,Dlhysal bu ,uthZ dulj’ks”kuß iqjLdkj feyk A

¼bZ½ vxLr 2004 es fo”o ds yxHkx 50 ifj’dj.k”kkyk es ls pkSFkh lky yxkrkj

fjykbvUl ifj’dj.k”kkyk us ^”ksy csapekfdZax ,uthZ ,.M ykWl ijQkesZl* es mPp

LFkku izkIr fd;k A

¼m½ vDVwcj 2004 es yxkrkj nwljh lky tkeuxj dkEIysDl us eq[;ea=h dk

*,Dlhysal bu ,uthZ eSustesaVß iqjLdkj feyk A

¼Å½ vkj-vkbZ-,y us fnlEcj 2004 es fuEukfyf[kr *us”kuy ,uthZ dUljos”ku vokbZ]

2004 thrk A

¼_½ isVªksdsfedy {ks= vkSj ifj’dj.k {ks= es Øe”k % gkftjk vkSj tkeuxj dkEIysDl

us izFke LFkku izkIr fd;k A

¼,½ ikrkyxaxk dkEIysDl us isVªksdSfedy {ks= es fo”ks’k iqjLdkj ik;k A

¼,s½ fnlEcj 2004 es tkeuxj dkEIysDl dks mudh mPp ÅtkZ n{krk] cf<+;k ty

vkSj ÅtkZ laj{k.k in~/kfr] iz”kaluh; Nhtu izca/ku in~/kfr vkSj izorZu y{k.k ds

lkFk cf<+;k iznw’k.k fu;a=.k lqfo/kk dks ekU;rk nsus ds fy, ,Q-vkbZ-lh-lh- vokbZ

izek.ki= vkSj f”kYM fn;k x;k A

¼vks½ tkeuxj dkEIysDl dks fnlEcj 2004 es mldh mRikn es bZa/ku ijh{k.k dh

mÙkerk ij f”ky XyksCy lksyq”ku] uhnjySaM ds rgr ,l-,e-ih-lh-,l ¼f”ky

feyku izksMDVl dks”fjys”ku Ldhe½ dh vkSj ls dqy 9 Lo.kZ izek.ki= izkIr gqvk

A

46

gfjr dfVca/k {ks= %

¼v½ fjykbvUl dk tkeuxj dkEIysDl i;kZoj.k ij nkf;Ro j[kus okyk fuxfer

vfLrRo gS tks fo”o dk lcls cM+k ifj’dj.k “kkyk gS vkSj ,d gh LFkku ij

rhljk cM+k gS] igys ls gh fo|keku gfjr dfVca/k es fiNys o’kZ 25]000 isM

yxk, A

¼vk½ tkeuxj tks lw[kk vkSj catj {ks= gS] ogk¡ 2000 ,dM+ ds vklikl Hkwfe es 3-7

fefy;u isM+ yxkdj gfjr dfVca/k es ifjorZu dj fn;k x;k gS A bl

dkEIysDl es mxus okys isM+ es vke] Vhd] uhe] ve:n] lhrkQy] vukj vkSj

nok ikS/ks gS A dqy feykdj 200 tkfr dk jksi.k fd;k x;k gS A flDdk vkSj

ofnukj ds vkl ikl tgk¡ canjxkg lqfo/kk miyC/k gS ty i;kZoj.k dks cpkus

ds fy, rVhFk {ks=kssa es eS³~xzwo mxkbZ xbZ gS A

¼b½ ifj’dj.k dkEIysDl es] gj Vu ds vifj’d`r rsy ds izØe.k es “kq+) ty ds

vko”;drkvksa dks de djus ds fy, dbZ ra= vkSj ;kstuk dk dk;kZfUor fd;k

x;k A Qys;kj xSl dks cjken fd;k x;k ftlls i;kZoj.k es mRlzko es de

vk;s vkSj cjken ls foOrh; ykHk igq¡psA gkfudkjd dwMk ds fuiVku ds

fy, oSKkfud fMtk;u ls x<+Mk lqfo/kk cuk;k x;k gS A

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lk/kkj.k lwpuk

HkkSxksfyd min”kZu D;k gksrk gS \

;g ,d min”kZu gks A

dfFkr {ks= ls mRiUu gksus okys d`f’k mRiknu] izkd`frd ;k mRikfnr oLrqvksa dh igpku esa

mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gks A

Hkkjr dh fdlh fufnZ’V HkkSxksfyd lhek esa mRiUu gqvk gks A

fdlh ,d HkkSxksfyd {ks= ls lacaf/kr fo”ks’k mRiknd y{k.k vFkok ml {ks=h; tyok;q laca/kh

fo”ks’k xq.k vFkok egRoiw.kZ y{k.k A

Hkkjr esa HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa ds pan mnkgj.k %

Hkkjr ds mYys[kuh; HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa esa cklerh pkoy] nkftZfyax pk;]dkaphiqje dh js”keh

lkfM+;ka] vyQkalks vke] ukxiqj ds larjs] dksYgkiqjh twrs] chdkusj dh Hkqft;ka vkfn gSa A

HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa ds iathdj.k ls D;k ykHk gSa \Hkkjr ds bu HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa dks laoS/kkfud ifjj{k.k izkIr gksrk gS A

iathd`r HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa dh fcuk vuqefr ds iz;ksx ij jksd yxrh gS A

laoS/kkfud ifjj{k.k ls Hkkjrh; HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa ds fu;kZr ds volj c<rs gSa A

vkfFkZd n`f’V ls mRiknd dks Hkh etcwrh dk izksRlkgu feyrk gS A

fo”o O;kikj laxBu ds lnL; ns”kksa esa laoS/kkfud ifjj{k.k ikrs gSa A

HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa ds iathdj.k dk vkosnu dkSu dj ldrk gS \dksbZ Hkh lgdkjh laxBu] mRiknd] fof/k ;k dkuwu }kjk fufeZr izkf/kd`r laxBu ;k laLFkk blds

fy, vkosnu dj ldrs gSaA

vkosnd dks mRikndksa ds fgrksa dk izfrfuf/kRo djuk gksxk A

fu.kkZ;d izi= esa gh fyf[kr :i ls vkosnu Hkstuk gS A

fuf”pr “kqYd lfgr ÞjftLVªkj vkWQ ft;ksxzkfQdy bafMds”kuß dks vkosnu djsa A

HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa ds v/khu iathd`r ekfyd dkSu gSa \ lgdkjh lfefr;ka] mRiknd laoS/kkfud ;k dkuwu }kjk laLFkkfir izkf/kd`r laLFkk ;k la?k

iathd`r Lokeh gks ldrs gSa A

vkosfnr HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa ds iathd`r ekfyd dh gSfl;r ls HkkSxksfyd min”kZu jftLVj esa

muds uke ntZ djuk gS A

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izkf/kd`r miHkksDrk dkSu \iathd`r HkkSxksfyd min”kZu ds :i esa izkf/kd`r phtksa ds mRiknd vkf/kdkfjd miHkksDrk dh

gSfl;r ls viuk uke ntZ dj ldrk gS A fuf”pr “kqYd vnk dj leqfpr i= }kjk vkosnu

djuk gS A

HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa ds ekeys esa dkSu mRiknd dk ntkZ ikrk gS \rhu izdkj ds oLrqvksa ls lacaf/kr ysu&nsu dk fuoZgu djus okyk gh mRiknd dgykrk gS A

d`f’k laca/kh eky ftlesa mRiknu] “kqf)dj.k] O;olk; vFkok ysu&nsu ds ekeys “kkfey gSa

A

izkd`frd lainkvksa ls tqM+s mRiknuksa esa ml laink dks ckgj fudkyuk rFkk mudk

O;kolkf;d ysu&nsu LFkkfir djuk A

nLrdkjh ;k vkSn~;ksfxd mRiknuksa dk fuekZ.k rFkk muls tqM+s O;kikfjd ysu&nsu dks

LFkkfir djuk A

D;k HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa dk iathdj.k vfuok;Z gSa \HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa dk iathdj.k vfuok;Z u gksus ij Hkh blds tfj;s vizkf/kd`r mRiknu jksdus

ds fy, oS/kkfud ifjj{k.k feyrk gS A

iathd`r mRikndksa dks izkIr gksus okys vf/kdkj dkSu ls gS \iathdj.k djus ls voS/kkfud mRiknuksa dks oS/kkfud dkjZokbZ ls jksdk tk ldrk gS A

voS/kkfud mRikndksa ij dkuwuh dkjZokbZ dh ekax djus dk vf/kdkj iathd`r ekfydksa vkSj

izkf/kd`r miHkksDrkvksa dks feyrk gS A

HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa ds iz;ksx dk vuU; vf/kdkj dsoy izkf/kd`r miHkksDrkvksa dks gh feyrk

gS A

HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa dk iz;ksx dkSu dj ldrk gSa \miHkksDrk ;fn fdlh oLrq ds laca/k esa fdl rjg ysu&nsu dk ekeyk ntZ djrk gS] mlh ds

vuqdwy HkkSxksfyd min”kZu ds iz;ksx dk vuU; vf/kdkj mls feyrk gS A

HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa ds iathdj.k ds fy, le; lhek D;k gS \ D;k mldk

uohuhdj.k dj ldrs gSa \ iathd`r HkkSxksfyd min”kZu dh le; lhek 10 o’kZ gksrh gS A

gka] gj 10 o’kZ esa ,d ckj uohuhdj.k dj ldrs gSa A

,d ckj iathd`r HkkSxksfyd min”kZu dh vof/k 10 o’kZ iwjh gksus ds ckn uohuhdj.k fd;k tkrk

gS vU;Fkk mldk uke jftLVj ls gVk fn;k tkrk gS A

50

iathd`r HkkSxksfyd min”kZu dk mYya?ku dc ekuk tkrk gS \veqd mRiknu okLro esa ftl {ks= ls lacaf/kr gS] mls vU; fdlh izkar dk mRiknu crkuk]

ftlls okLro esa ml pht ds mRiknu {ks= ds ckjs esa yksxksa dks cgdkus dh ps’Vk djus ij

A

HkkSxksfyd min”kZu ds iz;ksx esa vuqfpr izfrLi/kkZ mRiUu gksus ij A

mYya?ku dh fLFkfr esa dkjZokbZ dkSu dj ldrk gS \ HkkSxksfyd min”kZu oLrqvksa ds iathd`r ekfyd ;k vf/kd`r miHkksdrk mYya?ku dh fLFkfr esa

dkuwuh dkjZokbZ dj ldrk gS A

D;k iathd`r HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa dks vH;fiZr vFkok izsf’kr fd;k tk ldrk gS \ ugha] HkkSxksfyd min”kZu rRlacaf/kr oLrqvksa ds vf/kd`r mRikndksa ds LokfeRo ds yksd lEifRr

gksrs gSa A mls nwljksa dks vH;fiZr djuk ;k vuqKIr djuk] fxjoh j[kuk vFkok fdlh rjg ds

ysu&nsu laca/kh dk;Z djuk euk gS A vfirq izkf/kd`r miHkksDrk dh e`R;qijkar muds vf/kdkj

muds mÙkjkf/kdkjh dks izkIr gksrs gSa A

D;k iathd`r HkkSxksfyd min”kZu vFkok mlds vf/kd`r miHkksDrk dk uke jftLVj ls

gVk;k tk ldrk gS \ gka] iathd`r HkkSxksfyd min”kZu ;k vf/kd`r miHkksDrk dk uke jftLVj ls gVkus dk vf/kdkj

vihysV cksMZ ;k jftLVªkj vkWQ ft;ksxzkfQdy bafMds”ku dks gS A ;fn ,slk gksrk gS rks ihfM+r

O;fDr dk uke fudkys tkus dk vkns”k tkjh gksus dh frfFk ls rhu eghus ds vanj og vihy

ntZ dj ldrk gS A

HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa ls O;kikfjd fpg fdl rjg fHkUu gSa \ O;kikfjd fpà O;kikj ds ysu&nsu laca/kh ekeyksa esa iz;ksx esa yk;k tkrk gS A ;g fofHkUu

O;kikfjd laLFkkuksa] oLrqvksa ,oa lsokvksa ds chp QdZ dks crkrk gS] tcfd HkkSxksfyd min”kZu

fdlh {ks= ds fo”ks’k y{k.kksa ds lkFk cuk, x, mRiknuksa dk min”kZu djrk gS A

51

iathdj.k dh izfØ;k

fnlacj 1999 esa HkkSxksfyd min”kZu oLrq vf/kfu;e ¼iathdj.k ,oa laj{k.k½] 1999 dk

vuqeksnu laln us fd;k A Hkkjr dh fofHkUu oLrqvksa ls lacaf/kr HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa dk

iathdj.k ,oa laj{k.k bl vf/kfu;e ls laHko gqvk A iath;d ¼jftLVªkj½ gh fo”ks’k vf/kdkj

isVsUV] uewuk rFkk O;kikfjd fpàksa ds egkfu;a=d ds :i esa i;Zos{k.k djrs gSaA bl vf/kfu;e

dks vey djus okys HkkSxksfyd min”kZu iath;d dk;kZy; psUuS esa LFkkfir gS A

HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa dk iathdj.k nks Hkkxksa esa ckaVk x;k gS A iathd`r HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa

dh tkudkjh [kaM ^v* esa ntZ gS A iathd`r vf/kd`r xzkgdksa dk fooj.k ^vk* esa gS A

HkkSxksfyd min”kZuksa ds iathdj.k vkSj vf/kd`r xzkgdksa ds iathdj.k nksuksa dh izfØ;k

fuEukuqlkj gS %

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government of india · designs type of raw materials/ yarn used count of yarn type of dye use rema...

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