GOTHENBURG MINISTERIAL CONFERENCETOWARDS A KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY

-THE NORDIC EXPERIENCE14TH-15TH NOVEMBER 2005

Break Out Session 3, Nov. 15th

Development and Usage of Innovative Clusters

Baltic Sea Region Initiative

Introductory remarks by:Dr. Heikki Kotilainen

Deputy Director GeneralThe National Technology Agency, Tekes

Competitiveness comparison

2001

IMDWEFTechnology

2002 2001 2000 2003

Populationover

20 mill.less than20 mill.2003 2003

Populationover

20 mill.less than

20 mil.20032003

ScienceTechnologyUNDP

21

345789

101113141619

USA

TaiwanSwedenJapanSwitzerlandDenmarkIsraelEstoniaCanadaNorwayGermanyUKAustralia

Finland1

2456

117

148

101215

9

31

46

23241226

827

1510

5

32

-34--

18-8

1211

79

11-6-9----2-483

- -4-658

19-

10---

31-5-2----6-379

- -2-38

1125

-14

---

61

24976

138-

1429

51723

2

Ranking by the science and technology factor

Sources: The World Competitiveness Yearbook (IMD), The Global Competitiveness Report (WEF)And Human Development report (UNDP)

DM 3605411-2003 Copyright © Tekes

Ranking of EU Countries

Inform

ation

socie

tyInn

ovati

on,

R&D

Libera

lisati

on

Finan

cial

servi

ces

Enterpr

ise

envir

onmen

tSocia

linc

lusion

Sustaina

ble

deve

lopmen

t

Networ

kind

ustri

es

Averagerank

DM 3605409-2002 Copyright © Tekes

FinlandSwedenDenmarkUKNetherlandsGermanyAustriaBelgiumFranceIrelandPortugalSpainItalyGreece

12437659

1011

8121314

139482756

1012111314

16523947

118

10121314

134962857

1310111214

25314897

106

11121314

16524

118

1012

379

1314

374

1019526

1213

81114

143682579

1310121114

1.44.54.64.65.16.16.46.58.99.5

10.110.912.414.0

Source: The Lisbon Review: An Assessment of Policies and Reforms in Europe

ICT index (WEF)

4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5

Switzerland

Norway

Hong Kong

Taiwan

Singapore

USA

Denmark

Sweden

Finland

Iceland

Source: The Global Competitiveness Report 2003,3/4 based on quantitive material, 1/4 on query DM 36054

01-2004 Copyright © Tekes

Globalisation of countries

DM 3605404-2004 Copyright © Tekes

Source: Foreign Policy Magazine Globalization Index

Globalisation index measures the economic integration, technicalconnections, personal contacts and political cooperation in the country.

PortugalFrance

Czech RepublicAustralia

Great BritainSweden

DenmarkAustria

New ZealandUSA

Canada

NetherlandsSwitzerland

SingaporeIreland

Ranking in 2003

Finland

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1615 … .. ..

Key Issues for Baltic-Nordic cooperation

• Key drivers: Sweden, Denmark, Finland

• Similar values around the Baltic Sea

•Similarities and dissimilarities contribute to same goals

• Clusters as initiators of cooperation

• The national agencies as actors and financiers– No superstructures, no bureaucracy

Critical views

• Clusters are created by industries; they are like living organisms

• The government/authorities can facilitate the creation, but cannot establish clusters

• The Triple Helix is not a model, but the linkages between the three parties could be helpful, but not a prerequisite

• Alternative approach is to link all R&D incentives to the cooperation between universities and industry e.g.

national technology programmes

• State aid rules of EU restrict seriously the creation of competitiveness of SMEs in particular

• Adapt legislation to decentralised decision making – decisions at action level

IndustryIndustryIndustryIndustry

MinistriesAgencies

Patent offices, IPR

Regional centresTE-centres

Centres of ExcellenceTechnology/Science ParksKnowledge CentresSectorial InstitutesTech Transfer officesInstitutes, labs

The Triple Helix

UniversitiesResearchinstitutes

Government

Industry

Science & Technology

Policy Council

Confederations ofIndustry

BanksVenture CapitalBusiness angels

EU Commission-state aid

-regulations-FP

SemiprivateSITRA

FinveraIndustrial Invest

Clusters

Northern Clustering Alliance

VINNOVA

INNOVATION NORWAY

Tekes

Silverskär MeetingAugust15.-16.2004

DESE

RU

PL

NO

LV LT

IS

FI

EE

DK

CIP Network

Copenhagen

Helsinki

Middelfart

Stockholm

NorthernClusteringAlliance

Cluster Grouping

Country Group A

Country Group B

Regional/national cluster

Interregional/-national cluster© Tekes/HK

Country 1Country 2

Country 3

Country 4

Country 3

Country 5

Country 6

National megacluster

OPPORTUNITIES FOR NORDIC COLLABORATION

BORDER CONDITIONS• EU targets (Lisbon summit), political framework

• Commission’s communication• Council of Baltic Sea States CBSS

• Baltic Sea Initiative 2010

VISION• Cross border clusters

• Nordic countries as leaders in cluster exploitation and development•Clusters as policy instruments

• Baltic Rim included in Nordic cluster development

NEEDS• Tools to overcome lack of geographical proximity and

cultural differencies• Mechanisms to preserve the dynamism in case of clusters

as policy instrument• Close cooperation between the national agencies

Nordic cluster 2

Thank you for your kind attention!www.tekes.fi