got nutrients? bam! modular wetland performance with …€¦ · got nutrients? bam! modular...

FSA 2016 Winter Conference December 7-9, 2016 Palm Harbor, Florida

Got Nutrients? BAM! Modular Wetland Performance with BAM Lee Mullon, PE, CFM Melissa Lavigne Geosyntec Consultants Orange County Environmental Protection Division

FSA 2016 Winter Conference | Palm Harbor, Florida 2

FSA 2016 Winter Conference | Palm Harbor, Florida

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Surface Runoff

Precipitation

Seepage

Failed Septic

TN Loading (kg/yr)

Surface Runoff

[CATEGORY

NAME]

Seepage

Failed Septic

TP loading (kg/yr)

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Pre-Improvement Stormwater Flow

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Post-Improvement Stormwater Flow

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Modular Wetlands

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Biosorption Activated Media

Bold and Gold™ Expanded Clay and Tire Crumb Expanded Slate

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Now to the Questions…..

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Selecting an Auto-Sampler

Measurement Capabilities Parameters: rainfall, level or flow (area / velocity)

Triggers Any of the rainfall, level or flow parameter

Can ‘daisy chain’ multiple auto-samplers together so that when one auto-sampler triggers, the next one triggers simultaneously or after a certain time delay

Suction line Vinyl, polyethylene, silicone

Strainer Stainless Steel, Composite

Power (solar, battery, direct)

Bottle(s) – material and number

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Quality Assurance Project Plan

The most important document in any monitoring project Acts as the official sampling program

approved by the municipality and grantor agency

Provides an opportunity to adapt “cookie cutter” monitoring requirements in a grant into reasonable sampling goals, means and methods

Allows for agency buy-in of novel approaches (equipment, sampling, etc…) for unique sampling circumstances

Don’t simply use the last QAPP that was developed from another project

Lab Quality Manual review 11


Monitoring Best Practices

Field Checklists

Ensure rain gauge is level and funnel is not clogged

Calibrate flow meters, level and auto-sampler sample volumes

Ensure modules are plugged into the correct port

Ensure pump tubing is not cracked

Conduct equipment blank when tubing is replaced

Ensure suction line is at the lowest point of collection

Flow meter is affected by turbulence, place flow meter in area of low turbulence to the extent practical

Position sample jars correctly inside auto-sampler

Ensure battery is properly connected and being charged from power source

Complete maintenance logs for all maintenance activity

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Water Quality Monitoring

Regulatory Requirements and Standards

Granted-funded water quality projects (319 Grants) have specified quality assurance requirements

Chapter 62-160 F.A.C.

DEP-QA-002/02 Requirements for Field and Analytical Work performed for the Department of Environmental Protection under Contract

FDEP Standard Operating Procedures for Field Activities

Other Potential Agency Requirements:

– NPDES MS4 Permit Monitoring Requirements

– SJRWMD Environmental Resource Permits

• Annual monitoring or reporting requirements to satisfy permit conditions

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Bay Lake Monitoring Equipment

Rain Gauge Solar

Panel

Storm Shelter

Modular Wetland with

Bold and Gold

Modular Wetland with

Expanded Slate

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ISCO 6712 with Telemetry

for Remote Access

Area / Velocity Sensor

Ditch Inflow

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Storm Event Modeling Importance of Hydrologic Methodology

Composite Curve Number Method without DCIA consideration can estimate zero runoff conditions for very high CN but low rainfall events

Hydrology methods should include DCIA directly to account for direct runoff from lower rainfall events

TR-55

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Modeled Hydrology and System Hydraulics

Grant required sampling during “Qualifying Rainfall Events” between 0.25 – 1.5 inches

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Modeled Hydrology and System Hydraulics

Grant required sampling during “Qualifying Rainfall Events” between 0.25 – 1.5 inches

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Observed Hydrology and System Hydraulics

Flow in General Agreement With Model Results

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Observed Hydrology and System Hydraulics

Flow in General Agreement With Model Results

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Theft

Theft is always a concern for environmental monitoring equipment

Solar panels were the least secured piece of equipment on-site and were stolen

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Theft-Deterrent

Made it more difficult (not impossible) to steal panels Increased pole height Added LED spotlights with

motion sensors Added “dummy” security

cameras Added surveillance poster

Security features cost = $100 One solar panel = $200

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Theft-Deterrent

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Maintenance

High sediment loading from ditch-inflow caused filter chamber to clog

Maintenance crews contributed to clogging with grass clippings getting into system

System undersized for specific application

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Not Properly Draining

System in ‘Bypass’

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Residents’ Reaction to Project

Most residents reported being pleased with the project and project’s goals of reducing pollutants into Bay Lake

One resident complained about the aesthetics of the system

Clogging would cause ditches to backup with up to 12 inches of standing water until system slowly drained down or would be maintained, leading to some resident complaints

Active communication of project goals and the project system were generally effective means of maintaining local support for the project

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Composite Flow-Weighted Auto-Sampling

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Influent Effluent 31


Results Ortho Phosphorus

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

ESInfluent

ESEffluent

B&GInfluent

B&GEffluent

OP

(mg/

l)

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Expanded Slate µinflow conc. = 0.09 µeffluent conc. = 0.06 µreduction = 34%

Bold & Gold µinflow conc. = 0.10 µeffluent conc. = 0.07 µreduction = 28%


Results Total Phosphorus

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

ESInfluent

ESEffluent

B&GInfluent

B&GEffluent

TP (m

g/l)

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Results Ammonia

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

ESInfluent

ESEffluent

B&GInfluent

B&GEffluent

NH

3 (m

g/l)

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Results TKN

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

ESInfluent

ESEffluent

B&GInfluent

B&GEffluent

TKN

(mg/

l)

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Results Nitrate + Nitrite

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

ESInfluent

ESEffluent

B&GInfluent

B&GEffluent

OP

(mg/

l)

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Results Total Nitrogen

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

ESInfluent

ESEffluent

B&GInfluent

B&GEffluent

TN (m

g/l)

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Results Total Suspended Solids

-5

5

15

25

35

45

55

65

75

ES Influent ES Effluent B&GInfluent

B&GEffluent

TSS

(mg/

l)

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Results Copper

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


B&GEffluent

Cop

per (

µg/l)

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Expanded Slate µinflow conc. = 17.2 µeffluent conc. = 19.7 µreduction = -11%



Results Chromium

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


B&GEffluent

Cad

miu

m (µ

g/l)

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Results Zinc

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

ESInfluent

ESEffluent

B&GInfluent

B&GEffluent

Zinc

(µg/

l)

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Results Oil & Grease

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

ESInfluent

ESEffluent

B&GInfluent

B&GInfluent

Oil

& G

reas

e (m

g/l)

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Bold & Gold µinflow conc. = 2.31 µeffluent conc. = 2.72 µreduction = -21%


Results Summary

Analyte Expanded Slate Modular Wetland %Reduction

Bold and Gold Modular Wetland

%Reduction Ortho Phosphorus 34 28 Total Phosphorus 34 40

Ammonia 42 39 TKN 28 57

Nitrate + Nitrite 28 9 Total Nitrogen 36 46

Total Suspended Solids 69 77 Copper -11 31

Chromium -37 24 Zinc -17 33

Oil & Grease 2 -21

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* Represents concentration reductions only. Does not represent mass loading reductions of overall system since bypass flows were discharged untreated.


Conclusions

Modular Wetlands were demonstrated to reduce nutrients in this study for both types of BAM

% reductions measured cannot be taken as annual mass load reductions due to bypass flows that were untreated

Both Modular Wetlands received very similar hydraulic conveyances (flow rates & volumes) throughout study

Water quality characteristics through each Modular Wetland were similar but not consistent enough to enable direct comparison of BAM, particularly for nutrients

Bold and Gold™ BAM generally resulted in higher removals of copper, chromium and zinc

Expanded slate BAM generally resulted in higher removals of oil and grease

Proper monitoring planning, starting with a robust QAPP, is needed for a successful BMP monitoring program

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THANK YOU!

SPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TO:

ORANGE COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION: MELISSA LAVIGNE

GEOSYNTEC TEAM LEADERS: MARK ELLARD, PE, CFM, D.WRE

THOMAS AMSTADT, PE, CFM JULIA KLENZ CAPRIO, MBA, ASQ-CMQ/OE

ALSO THANKS TO:

SUNTREE TECHNOLOGIES BIOCLEAN ENVIRONMENTAL

Contact:

Lee Mullon, PE, CFM [email protected]

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mailto:[email protected]

got nutrients? bam! modular wetland performance with …€¦ · got nutrients? bam! modular...

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