good cell organells

7/29/2019 Good Cell Organells

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#24 The Role of Ribosomes, Golgi

Apparatus and Endoplasmic

Reticulum in the Production, Storageand Secretion of Proteins.

Cell Biology Standard 1E.The learner will know the role of

endoplasmic reticulum and golgi

apparatus in the secretion of proteins.February 4, 2003

Submitted by: Tony Gonzales


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y y

The following

slides list the

correct order of

protein processing

in the cell


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Ribosomes


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Ribosomesare small organelles composed ofribosomal RNA (rRNA) and 80 different proteins.The ribosomal subunits

are assembled in the nucleolus. Once assembled, the subunits passthrough the nuclear pores to the cytoplasm where they

Decode mRNA to assemble

amino acids into proteins. Proteinsynthesis is very important to cells, therefore large numbers of ribosomes

are found in cells. Ribosomes float freely in the cytoplasm.
http://www.cell-biology.com/index.htmlhttp://www.cell-biology.com/index.html


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Rough ER


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Rough EndoplasmicReticulum

Within the cytoplasm of cells is a 3-dimensional maze called theendoplasmic reticulum (ER). Ribosomes attached to the endoplasmicreticulum are called Rough ER, protein is formed within

the interior tothe endoplasmic reticulum. These proteins are destined for secretion,

storage or incorporation into membranes.The Rough ERs

mainfunction is to separateproteins that are leaving

from those that are staying.Proteins are modified within the ER by the addition of carbohydrate andthe removal of a signal sequence.


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Smooth ER


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Smooth ERlacks attached ribosomes and oftenappears more tubular than rough ER. SmoothERgives the cell the ability to perform a variety

of specialized functions.Smooth ERfunctions in the synthesisof lipids, carbohydrate

metabolism, and thedetoxification of drugs

and other poisons


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Golgi Apparatus


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The Golgi, a curved membrane stack resembling astack of pancakes, concentrates andpackages proteins for

export or storage. It alsoadds directions for the

destination of the proteinpackage. Proteins made within the rough ER budoff in vesicles and are transported to the Golgi where thevesicles fuse with the membrane and the components are

further modified.


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Animal Cell1. What part of the cell is the

arrow pointing to?A.Cell Wall B. Cell Membrane

C. Nucleus D. Ribosome


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arrow pointing to?A.Golgi B. Endoplasmic Reticulum

C. Nucleus D. Ribosome


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arrow pointing to?A.Golgi B. Endoplasmic Reticulum

C. Cell wall D. Cell membrane 4 Wh t i th f ti f


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4. What is the function ofthe golgi apparatus?A.Assemble amino acids into proteins.

B.Regulate what enters & leaves cell.

C.Concentrates & packages proteins for

storage or export.

D.Makes ribosomes

5 Th l i i


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5. The golgi apparatus isprimarily responsible for

what cell process?A. Synthesizing proteins

B. Store genetic information

C. Translate info encoded in mRNA

D. Processing Proteins

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