golden age of islam 800s to 1400s chapter 10-sec 3
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Golden Age of Islam 800s to 1400s Chapter 10-Sec 3. Europe and Middle East around 800 AD. How Arabs and Turks Ruled Region. Treated conquered people respectfully Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians were called “People of the Book” Non-Muslims paid tax for military exemption - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Golden Age of Islam800s to 1400s
Chapter 10-Sec 3
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Europe and Middle East around 800 AD
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How Arabs and Turks Ruled Region
• Treated conquered people respectfully• Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians were
called “People of the Book”• Non-Muslims paid tax for military
exemption• Allowed non-Muslims to be important
scholars and members of bureaucracy
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How could cultural tolerance lead to advancements in math and science?
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Which factor helps explain the scientific and literary achievements of the Muslims during their Golden Age (A.D. 800-1300)?
• 1. expansion of trans-Atlantic trade • 2. innovations introduced by the Europeans
during the Renaissance • 3. cultural diversity accepted by many
Islamic governments • 4. legal equality of all people in the Islamic
empire
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How can learning be linked to geography/geographic location?• Trade routes (land and coastline)• Merchant contact• Religious pilgrimage
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Science and Math
• Arabic numerals (1,2,3…)• al-Khwarizmi…invents algebra (Al Jabr)-
quadratic equations• Trigonometry• Hospitals/pharmacies*• Medical books• Disinfection w/alcohol
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#4 Why does this matter to scientists?
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House of Wisdom
• First university• Opthamology/optics• spyglass• Astrolabe/compass from China
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Leads to a Golden Age Across the Empire
• Time of peace and safe for mix of cultures• Damascus, Baghdad, Granada, Cordoba
huge cities!• 4 social classes:
–Muslims by birth–Muslims by conversions–People of the Book–POW slaves…Janissaries
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Without the Arabs/Turks…no Renaissance!• Crusades (1300s) opens trade again with
Asia (Mideast)• Knowledge had been preserved by Arab
and Turkish world after Fall of Rome• Europeans learn and are inspired!
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#1: Based on this map, where are the trade “hubs”? What would account for this?
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Contributions…Economics
• Banking system organized• The dinar* -official paper currency• Letters of credit, sakks/“checks”, offered by
banks…exchanged for cash at banks• Cosmopolitan blend of culture, religion, $
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Scholarship
• Encouraged in the Quran• “Acquire knowledge…it enables possessor to
distinguish between right and wrong; lights way to heaven; guides to happiness; an armor against enemies” Prophet Muhammad
• Muslim world preserved learning• 800’s Baghdad opens House of Wisdom:
academy, library, translation center• Worked on translating texts from Greece,
India, Persia into Arabic
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Advancements
• Persian scholar al-Razi compiles medical encyclopedia/smallpox treatment book
• Al-Khwarizmi invents al-jabr=algebra• Cartography• Early astronomical devices before telescope• Astrolabe• Calligraphy as text and art• Literature…1,001 Arabian Nights
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Gibraltar-Muslim Spain
• Named for Berber general named Jabal Tariq
• An entire peninsula and waterway is named after him
• Jabal Tariq = Gibraltar
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Muslim Spain• Known as Moors• Called Spain al-Andalus (Andalusia!)• Granada is the jewel city!• Battled the Franks battle Moors near
Paris (Battle of Tours) in 732• Halted spread of Islam to Europe
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Al-Hambra Palace in Granada, Spain
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Moorish Culture
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Isabella, Ferdinand, and Columbus chilling at Al-Hambra Palace
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After the Reconquista/Spanish Inquisition
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• King-new wife every night and execute next morning
• Sheherazade great story-teller…• The King became so entranced by
Sheherazade's stories that he wanted to hear the conclusion of each one.
• Night after night Sheherazade would leave him in suspense, postponing her execution for 1,001 nights until he pardoned her!
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• Ali Baba and the 40 Thieves (open sesame)• Aladdin• Seven Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor
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Muslim View of the Ideal Man ~800AD
• “The ideal man should be from East Persia, Muslim in faith, Arabic in language, Iraqi education, Hebrew in astuteness, Christian in conduct, a Greek in science, Indian in interpretation, and lastly a Sufi in spiritual life”
• What does this quote imply about their culture?
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4 Muslim Empires
• Arab • Spanish-Moorish –al-
Andalus(Andalusian) • Ottoman Turkish• Mughal in India
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Topkapi Palace
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