GO256: Conflict in East Asia

Professor Walter HatchColby College

Lectures 6 and 7

Japan

Historical Overview

Tokugawa (Edo) Period

Baku-han system

Confucian order

Sakoku

Meiji Restoration

Western ideas

Industrialization

Constitution

Japanese Imperialism

China

Russia

Beheading a spy, 1905

Taisho Democracy

Political parties

Corruption

Hara Kei

Militarism

Disenchantment

Disorder

Dispatch

The Great Pacific War

Total Defeat

Tokyo, March 1945

Occupation

Demilitarization

Democratization

Reverse Course

Time of Conflict: AMPO

Asanuma Inejiro’s assassination, 1960

Time of Conflict: Labor

The Flag of Sanbetsu

The 1955 System

Left and right socialists reconcile

Two conservative parties merge

LDP: One-Party Dominance

Developmentalism

Government-business cooperation

Business-business cooperation

Labor-management cooperation

Ikeda Hayato

Costs of Developmentalism

Expanding the Base

Retail Politics

Tanaka Kakuei

LDP Clientelism

Koenkai

Factions

Zoku

Money Politics

Recruit

Sagawa Kyubin

Why clientelism (and money politics)?

Culture: “group-ism”

Institutionalism: history

Rational choice: electoral rules

The Old Rules

SNTV

MMDs

The Old Party Line

Communists

LDP

Socialists

Democratic Socialists

Komeito

Chaos in the 90s

Rise of new parties

Collapse of LDP rule

Electoral reformSM Plurality (300 in HR and 144 HC)

PR (180 in HR and 98 in HC)

LDP returns to power

2000 HR Election

LDP: 233

Democratic Party: 127

Komeito: 31

Others: 89

2003 HR Election

LDP: 237

DPJ: 177

Komeito: 34

Others: 32

“Lionheart”

“Henjin”

2005 HR Election

LDP: 292

DPJ: 113

Komeito: 31

Others: 44

Abe Shinzo

Pro-Abe Interests

Nippon Keidanren

Nationalists

Anti-Abe Interests

Rengo

Nokyo

Feminists

Peace Activists