gms economic corridors latest-2.pptx [read-only] · achievements of gms economic corridors...
TRANSCRIPT
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Outline
1. Introduction of GMS Economic Corridors
2. Underpinning Conceptual Framework
3. Achievements and Recent Developments
4. Opportunities and Challenges
5. Lessons Learned and Way Forward
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Brief Introduction of GMS Economic Corridors
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Introduction of GMS Economic Corridors
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North South Corridor
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East West Corridor
• EWEC connects Da Nang in the central coast of Viet Nam and Yangon-Thilawa and Mawlamyine in Myanmar via Lao PDR and Thailand.
• It crosses Myawaddy (Myanmar)-Mae Sot (Thailand) border gate, Mukdahan (Thailand)-Savannakhet (Lao PDR) border gate, Dansavanh(Lao PDR)-Lao Bao (Viet Nam) border gate.
• The distance from Yangon to Da Nang is estimated to be 1,798.1 km.
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Southern Economic Corridor
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Intercountry Distribution of GMS Economic Corridors (%)
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Cambodia
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Lao PDR
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Myanmar
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PR China – Yunnan and Guangxi
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Thailand
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Viet Nam
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Conceptual Framework of GMS Economic Corridors
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Concept of GMS Economic Corridors
An economic corridor is geographically defined area that
• extends beyond a single transport route and encompasses an economic zone running parallel to the main transport arteries,
• serves as a planning framework for investment to stimulate the national and trans-national movement of people, goods, services, capital and information along the principal routes and their surrounding areas, and
• consists of an integrated system of road, rail, and ports that interconnects
(i) border areas of GMS countries;
(ii) centers of production (manufacturing hubs, industrial clusters, and economic zones);
(iii) centers of demand (capitals and major urban centers); and
(iv) gateways that include important seaports used for intra-regional and international trade.
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Objectives of GMS Economic Corridors
(i) extending the benefits to remote and landlocked locations in the GMS,
(ii) providing a spatial focus on GMS activities
(iii) serving as a mechanism for coordinating and planning investments; and opening up opportunities for investments from within and outside the GMS; and
(iv) generating tangible demonstration effects.
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19
Strategic Framework of
GMS Economic Corridors
Focal SectorsUltimate GoalsVision
Environment
Infrastructure
Trade and transport
facilitation
Human resource
development
Urban Development
Dynamic, well-
integrated
Engine for socio-
economic
development
Attract investment
Gateway for
ASEAN-PRC
trade
Objectives
Generate higher
income
Increase employment
opportunities
Reduce income
disparities
Improve living
conditions
Address social and
environmental
concerns
Strengthen physical
infrastructure
Facilitate cross-border
trade and transport
Promote tourism
Address human
resource constraints
Enhance urban
development
Agriculture
Tourism
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Achievements and Recent Development of GMS Economic Corridors
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Implementation of GMS Corridors
Corridor # Projects Completed Ongoing Pending Completed
+ongoing: projects
(%)
EWEC 36 20 10 8 83.3
NSEC 75 35 19 21 72.0
SEC 81 27 32 22 72.8
EWEC+
NSEC+
SEC
192 82 61 51 74.5
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Achievements of GMS Economic Corridors
Cross-border infrastructure. From 1992 to 2016, more than 10,000 km of expressways and national roads of GMS corridors were built. About 3,000 km of power transmission and distribution lines were constructed.
Software (or Related Regional Policies). Cross-Border Transport Facilitation Agreement (CBTA), and other sector agreements and strategies
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Border Crossing Points along East West Corridor
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Border Crossing Points along North South Corridor
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Border Crossing Points along Southern Corridor
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Border Crossings with Largest Cross-Border Trade
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Recent Developments
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Include an extension to Yangon/Thilawa-Pathein at the
western end of EWEC
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NSEC: Include the Kunming-Dali-Ruili-Mandalay-Nay
Pyi Taw-Yangon route
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NSEC: Add an extension to link Mandalay to Tamu
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NSEC: Add
Boten-
Vientiane-
Laem Chabang
Overlap with Southern Economic Corridor
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NSEC: Include Bangkok-
Hanoi link through
Nakhom Phanom-
Thakhek
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NSEC: Include a link between Vientiane and Hanoi with
an extension to Vung Ang
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Development of
SEZ’s
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Development of Urban Areas
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Development of
Multimodal
Network
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Power Transmission Network
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Development of Tourism Network
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Opportunities and Challenges
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Opportunities
• Multi-modal transport systems and logistics facilities;
• Border economic zones;
• Agriculture, urban development, health, environment, tourism, energy, ICT, TTF; and
• Potential partnerships with other regional initiatives.
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Challenges
• Slow progress of opening up the regional transport and logistics market;
• Limited network effect;
• Regulatory barriers to trade, investment, and labor mobility;
• Weak role of private sector, and local provinces;
• Weak institutional structures; and
• Fiscal constrains in GMS countries.
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Lessons Learned and Way Forward
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Lessons Learned
• Development of ECs cannot be isolated from the reform of the economy;
• Regulatory barriers are as challenging as infrastructural constraints;
• Promotion of network effect of economic corridors is critical;
• Border points and border provinces are critical because they are gateways to connect corridors;
• GMS corridors provide a framework to guide and plan investment;
• Private sector participation is crucial; and
• Efficient institutional framework is key to support economic corridor development.
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Ways Forward
(i) Completing GMS economic corridor network and improving links with South Asia, Southeast Asia and beyond;
(ii) Opening up regional markets of transport and logistics services;
(iii) Strengthening intermodal transport links;
(iv) Facilitating integration of economic corridors with the RVC and GVC in both manufacturing and agriculture;
(v) Promoting tourism, environmental protection, and prevention of cross border diseases, and
(vi) Strengthening partnership with private sector, and border provinces.
FINALLY, WHAT WILL BE NEXT AFTER ECONOMIC CORRIDORS?
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