Professor Victoria Vesna Section 1C – Fall 2013

DESMA 9: ART, SCIENCE, & TECHNOLOGY

GLUCOband By Bianca Lennarz

As learned from class, all areas of the sciences are integrated with the arts, as well as vice versa. Specifically, I believe that the use of

biotechnology and medicine is especially useful and beneficial to improve the health, lifestyles, and overall life spans of people.!

!The use of a fashionable and modernized bracelet, disguised as a

glucose level sensor band, will improve the lives of people suffering from diabetes. This method of measuring blood glucose levels in the

body will eliminate the need to use invasive, consistent blood samples in order to observe whether the levels are too high, too low, or normal. Maintaining a schedule to check an individualʼs levels will also be eliminated, since the device notifies the person of any danger

on its own, which will also eliminate the need to purchase costly lancets, gluco strips, and the gluco reader, making it economically

friendly.!

ABSTRACT

• Diabetes is a metabolic disease, either hereditary or from diet, in which the person has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. There are three types of diabetes: Type I Diabetes, Type II Diabetes, and Gestational Diabetes (“All About Diabetes”).!• Diabetes is a worldwide disease, where the only way to live a healthy and long lifestyle is to control the condition in the body through increased knowledge and access to immediate real time data. It is important for diabetics to be informed about the effects of raised glucose levels in the blood and how to monitor it.!

CONCEPT/TOPIC

u Normal blood glucose level ranges for most people (Shiel):!o  Upon waking up (before breakfast): 80 mg/dL to 120 mg/dL!

o  Before meals: 80 mg/dL to 120 mg/dL!

o  Two hours after meals: 160 mg/dL or less!

o  Bedtime: 100 mg/dL to 140 mg/dL!

u A type of watch currently exists which reads blood glucose levels of the individual through electrochemical signals taken from secretions from the skin, although the diabetics still have to perform the invasive procedures of pricking themselves throughout the day by their pre-set schedule in order to get an actual accurate reading (“Medical Devices”).!u GLUCOband is more discreet, more fashionably appealing, more painless, more economically friendly, and more convenient for all age groups, versus the watch that already exists for diabetics.!

CONTEXT & PRECEDENTS

A tiny printed circuit board (PCB chip) will be implanted directly under the dermis, which is rich in blood supply, at the general location where the individual will wear the GLUCOband. This PCB will be able to read the blood glucose levels through the

blood in the dermis. The bracelet will be engineered to detect the blood glucose levels by reading a signal sent from the PCB to a sensor located directly underneath the bottom face of the bandʼs bezel – a signal that is continually updated as any changes occur

in the blood stream. !

PROJECT PROPOSAL

PCB chip that will be implanted under dermis by blood

vessel!

PCB synced to sensors located on the bottom surface of the bracelet!

Although the initial setup is a slightly invasive procedure, the continuous use of the bracelet and constant check of blood glucose levels is completely non-invasive,

eliminating the need to prick the fingers for blood samples multiple times per day. This band will be able to accurately read the blood glucose value of the blood via the

PCB, which will result in data being displayed on a small and discrete screen that resembles a watch on the face of the bracelet.!

!Not only will the band consistently notify the individual of the blood glucose value, but

it will also automatically notify the wearer if the blood glucose level is over or under the normal individual pre-set range. If out of range, the bracelet will display a colored

light shaped as a arrow, one for each extremity, along with a short beeping sound. Since the device detects the blood glucose levels on its own throughout the entire day, the individual does not need to constantly check their level on a manual basis,

which will eliminate the need for a remembered schedule. Before meals, the individual is able to solely look at the bracelet to see an already updated notification of the current blood glucose level, and from there, the diabetic can adjust his or her

diet, or consume any required medication. !

PROJECT PROPOSAL

The GLUCOband will also serve as a stylish watch and calendar in order to help in disguising the

diabeticʼs purpose for wearing it. It will be available in a variety of

colors and designs to best fit the diabeticsʼ interest. A GLUCOband application will also be created for the app store to either download

via computer or cell phone, which will record and compile the

individualʼs blood glucose level values and data sent from the

synced signal of the PCB over a specified period of time.!

PROJECT PROPOSAL

Face of the bracelet that displays the blood glucose level reading, the arrows that light up for extremity readings, and the date and time!

Not only will painful, pricked fingers will no longer be an issue, but GLUCObands will

also make the lives of diabetics easier, healthier, and much more relaxed, knowing

that their blood glucose levels are constantly being monitored automatically, and without discomfort. There will be no

more health risks by allowing blood glucose levels to drop or exceed too much for too

long of a time period. Since the individuals will be alerted to any imbalances in real-

time, as the change in glucose is happening, they will be able to prevent any negative factors from occurring in the body

by being allowed the opportunity to take care of themselves immediately.!

CONCLUSION

• "All About Diabetes." Medical News Today. MediLexicon International, n.d. Web. 01 Nov. 2013. <http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes/>.

• "Medical Devices - GlucoWatch G2 Biographer - P990026/S0008." FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration. N.p., 05 Sept. 2013. Web. 01 Nov. 2013. <http://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/productsandmedicalprocedures/deviceapprovalsandclearances/recently-approveddevices/ucm083294.htm>.

• Shiel, William C., Jr. "Diabetes - What Should My Blood Sugar Levels Be?" MedicineNet. N.p., 29 Mar. 2002. Web. 01 Nov. 2013. <http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=17384>.

REFERENCES

(All images created through the use of Pro/Engineer design software)

• "All About Diabetes." Medical News Today. MediLexicon International, n.d. Web. 01 Nov. 2013. <http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes/>.

• Brain, Marshall. "How Digital Clocks Work." HowStuffWorks. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/clocks-watches/digital-clock.htm>.

• ”Cost of Diabetes." American Diabetes Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://www.diabetes.org/advocate/resources/cost-of-diabetes.html>.

• Davidson, Nancy K., and Peggy Moreland. "Diabetes: Tips for Developing Healthy Habits." Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 08 Jan. 2013. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/healthy-habits-diabetes/MY02341>.

• Deneen, Sally. "Rumor: Obamacare Requires Microchip Implants." MSN News. N.p., 22 Jul. 2013. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://news.msn.com/rumors/rumor-obamacare-requires-microchip-implants>.

• "Diabetes Basics - Diabetes Statistics." American Diabetes Association. N.p., 20 Aug. 2013. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/diabetes-statistics/>.

• "Diabetes Diet and Food Tips: Eating to Prevent and Control Diabetes." HelpGuide.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://www.helpguide.org/life/healthy_diet_diabetes.htm>.

• "Drawings, Paintings, and Mixed Media." Type 1 Diabetes Revealed. DiabetesArt.com, 2013. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://www.type1diabetesart.com/Type1/type1-art.html>.

• Freudenrich, Craig. "How Diabetes Works." HowStuffWorks. A Discovery Company, n.d. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/human-biology/diabetes1.htm>.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

• "How Circuits Work." HowStuffWorks. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/circuit5.htm>.

• Jensen, B. M., P. Bjerring, J. S. Christiansen, and H. Orskov. "Glucose Content in Human Skin: Relationship with Blood Glucose Levels." Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation (1995): 427-32. NCBI PubMed. Web. 1 Nov. 2013. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8545601>. • "Medical Devices - GlucoWatch G2 Biographer - P990026/S0008." FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration. N.p., 05 Sept. 2013. Web. 01 Nov. 2013. <http://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/productsandmedicalprocedures/deviceapprovalsandclearances/recently-approveddevices/ucm083294.htm>.

• "MLA Handbook: Bibliographic Format for References." University of Georgia Libraries. 2007-10-24 <http://www.libs.uga.edu/ref/mlastyle.html>.

• "Printed Circuit Board." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 31 Oct. 2013. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_board>.

• Ryan, V. "Printed Circuit Boards - Introduction." Technology Student. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://www.technologystudent.com/pcb/pcb1a.htm>.

• Shiel, William C., Jr. "Diabetes - What Should My Blood Sugar Levels Be?" MedicineNet. N.p., 29 Mar. 2002. Web. 01 Nov. 2013. <http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=17384>.

• "What Is Insulin?" Medical News Today. MediLexicon International, n.d. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes/whatisinsulin>.

• "When Your Blood Glucose Is Too High or Too Low." National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse (NDIC). N.p., 08 Aug. 2013. Web. 02 Nov. 2013. <http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/type1and2/lowglucose.aspx>.

• Witt, Sam. "Is Human Chip Implant Wave of the Future?" CNN. N.p., 14 Jan. 1999. Web. 1 Nov. 2013. <http://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9901/14/chipman.idg/>.

BIBLIOGRAPHY