globalization & icts

GLOBALIZATION &INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

TECHNOLOGIES (ICTs)

LECTURE 3

POINTS TO COVER1. What are some of the ways that ICTs have

facilitated globalization process?

2. What kinds of information skills are needed to be personally, professionally, and academically successful in the Information Age?

3. What factors contribute to the existence of digital devices both within specific countries and between developed and developing countries?

4. How might ICTs facilitate development?

5. What are some of the potentially positive and potentially negative consequences of the globalization media?

WHAT ARE ICTs?

ICTs are the services, platforms, and devices that have eroded the barriers of time and space, making swift and efficient international communication flows possible.

Digital technologies and infrastructure and products that facilitate the acquisition, storage, analysis, manipulation, and distribution of information.

Other technologies that enable collection, processing, transmission, and presentation of information in a number of ways including voice, data, text, images, video, and animation.

3 dominant ICT technologies: PC, cell-phone/mobile, internet

ICT also includes webcams, email, DVDs, flash memory, hard drives, servers, and networks, soft-wares.

ICTs ~ digital technologies that have rapidly changed the world

Types of ICTs

WHAT ARE THE ROLES OF ICTs IN GLOBALIZATION PROCESS?

ROLES OF ICTs IN GLOBALIZATION PROCESS

ICT eroded the constraints of time and space- necessary perquisite to the formation of global economy “with the capacity to work as a unit in real time, or chosen time, on a planetary scale”.

ICT reflects the convergence of communications- ability to deliver a variety of media and communication services (e.g.: Cell phones are not simply telecommunications devices; they allow us to play game, download information, surf net, listen to music, watch video, etc)

ICTs allow people to share information and to communicate with each other at any time in any place, extend human interaction, allowing people who are dispersed in space and time to act in response to events taking place in distant locales.

The Information Age The information age~ proliferation of information and ability to

transfer, share, and instantly access information. Many consider it begun in the last 20yrs of 20th century and

expedited in mid 90s by the widespread and development of internet (though it has a long history dated back to 1962).

1440, Johannes Gutenberg developed printing press: allows news and knowledge to spread across EU faster

1998: Larry Page and Sergey Brin co-found Google: increase in the availability of information

Internet provides various forums for people to express their ideas, to build consensus, to debate and to vote, to share, to comment on a number of spaces (wikis, chat forums, blogs, etc.)

Global ICT development

Internet users in the World (source:

www.internetworldstats.com/emarketing.htm)DATE NUMBER OF USERS % WORLD

POPULATION

Dec. 1995 16millions 0.4%

Dec. 1996 36 millions 0.9%

Dec. 1997 70 millions 1.7%




Aug., 2001 513 millions 8.6%

Sept., 2002 587 millions 9.4%

Dec. 2003 719 millions 11.1%

Dec. 2004 817 millions 12.7%

Dec. 2005 1,018 millions 15.7%

Dec. 2006 1,093 millions 16.7%

Dec, 2007 1,319 millions 20.0%

Dec, 2008 1,574 millions 23.5%

Dec. 2009 1,802 millions 26.6%

June, 2010 1,966 millions 28.7 %

Internet users per 100 inhabitants

ICTs in households

Global number of internet users by development status

Mobile telephony

Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

Mobile signal coverage

Global village- MacLuhan (1962)The global village suggests that the globalization of communication media has

brought the whole world closer together, like a village in which everyone is. Global village closes the gap between countries, as an event experienced in

one part of the world could be witnessed from other parts in no time at all. it establishes the image of a world where everyone is able to speak freely and information can be shared across borders. (Source: Peter Hirshberg TED Talk: The Web and TV, a sibling rivalry (2007)

McLuhan chose the insightful phrase "global village" to highlight his observation that an electronic nervous system (the media) was rapidly integrating the planet events in one part of the world could be experienced from other parts in real-time, which is what human experience was like when we lived in small villages

The digital divideDigital divide: Unequal access to physical ICTs, such as computers,

mobile phones, and internet access, as well as to imbalances in the education and experience needed to develop information and technology skills.

Global digital divide: disparities in technology access and use between countries or global regions.

(Human Development Report, 1999): WWW not only connects but also excludes, providing the connected with ever greater advantages:

“The network society is creating parallel communications systems: one for those with income, education and – literally- connections, giving plentiful information at low cost and high speed; the other for those without connections, blocked by high barriers of time, cost and uncertainty and dependent on outdated information.”

HHs with internet access, by region

Global mobile subscriptions by development status

Top 10 countries with the lowest ICT prices

ICT Development index- top 5 per region

Where is Vietnam?

Fixed telephone line per 100 inhabitants

Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhab.

International internet bandwidth per internet user (bit/s)

Proportion of H/Hs with computer

Propostion of H.Hs with internet

Fixed telephone line per 100 inhabitants

Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhab.

International internet bandwidth per internet user (bit/s)

Propostion of H/Hs with computer

Propostion of H.Hs with internet

2002 2007 2002 2007 2002 2007 2002 2007 2002 2007

Sweden 62.5 60.4 89.0 113.7 14,962 62,484 75.0 83.0 66.0 79.0

United States

65.3 53.4 48.9 83.5 2,208 15,341 59.0 70.2 52.0 61.7

China 16.6 27.5 16.0 41.2 159 1,735 10.2 39.1 5.0 16.4

Vietnam 4.9 32.7 2.4 27.2 95 704 2.6 10.1 0.6 5.0

Measuring the Information Society- The ICT Development Index

Internet in Asia- top 10 countries

Conclusion ICTs encompasses the digital technologies and

infrastructure that have facilitated globalization processes.

ICTs are the services, platforms, and devices that have eroded the barriers of time and space, making swift and efficient international communication flows possible.

The important role of ICTs in poverty reduction Efforts needed to provide people around the world

access to the information and communication tools that can enhance their chances of achieving their goals for themselves, their families and their communities.

Convergence process of devices (mobile devices) making media forms changing

Tutorial Questions

What are some of the ways that information and communication technologies have facilitated globalization processes?

How might information and communication technologies facilitate development?

What are some of the potentially positive and negative consequences of the globalization of media?

globalization & icts

Economy & Finance