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Global University EntrepreneurialSpirit Students’ Survey 2013-2014/ Main Findings in the Netherlands

ERASMUSCENTRE FORENTREPRENEURSHIP

Colofon

| Published by

Erasmus Centre forEntrepreneurship

| Text and Editing

Andreas Petridis

| Layout and DTP

Dito YudhianaThomas Bijen

Preface

What are students’ entrepreneurial intentions and activities

across the world?

This question is of highest social and economic relevance.

Students represent the entrepreneurs of tomorrow; their

entrepreneurial plans and activities will shape tomorrow’s

societies and the overall economic well-being. Consequently,

the numbers of students intending to pursue an

entrepreneurial career, along with the methods of actualizing

their intentions, are of high interest to different stakeholders

such as participating universities, academics, policy-makers, as

well as students themselves.

It is extremely important to monitor, evaluate and adapt

the entrepreneurial education to the rapidly changing

environment, so it can remain competitive, effective,

successful and accelerate the Dutch economy.

GUESSS performs the important task of monitoring, by

tracking the entrepreneurial intentions and activities of

students along with the entrepreneurial programs offered by

the Dutch universities.

In this booklet we present the insights of the 2013-2014

GUESSS Netherlands. We would like to thank the participating

universities for their collaboration in the survey and to invite

all possible parties such as policy makers, researchers,

entrepreneurs, other universities, teachers, students and

society in general to consult our valuable results and be part of

the survey in the upcoming years.

GUESSS stands for Global Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey. It is a research project about the context of Entrepreneurship that investigates the entrepreneurial intentions and activities of students using a geographical and temporal comparison.

GUESSS main goals:

| The startup process

GUESSS helps to systematically record the founding

intention and activity of students on a long term basis

| The university

GUESSS offers a temporal and geographical comparison

providing universities with insight into the organization of

entrepreneurship

| The individual

GUESSS allows for a temporal and geographical

comparison of individual-based characteristics that impact

the founding intentions and activity of students. The survey

is conducted every two years

About GUESS

Main Findings

Percentage of Active Student Entrepreneurs in the Netherlands

Percentage of Active Student Entrepreneurs around the World

Attendence of Entrepreneurship Courses in Percentage

2013-14: 6% 2011-12: 3%

Career Choice Intensions in the Netherlands in Percentage

2013-14: 6%2011-12: 10%

2013-14: 30%2011-12: 36%

Right after studies:

Five years after studies:

2013-14: 8%2011-12: 2%

2013-14: 33%2011-12: 28%

9907 Students from Dutch Educational Institutions

*Educational institutions with systematic data collection (>20 responses)

*Total responses in 2011-2012: 13121

Educational Institutions* Responses

3259

106018814023

14024196

Delft UniversityEindhoven University of TechnologyErasmus University RotterdamMaastricht UniversityLeiden UniversityTilburg UniversityUniversity of GroningenUniversity of TwenteUtrecht University

University of Scientific Education (WO)

Fontys Univ. of Appl SciencesThe Hague Univ. of Appl. SciencesHanze Univ. of Appl. SciencesInholland Univ. of Appl. SciencesRotterdam Univ. of Appl. SciencesNHTV Breda Univ. of Appl. SciencesUniv. of Appl. Sciences LeidenUniv. of Appl. Sciences Utrecht

1355297

147683354015046

1838

University of Applied Sciences (HBO)

Albeda 147

College (MBO)

Responses in 2013-2014

Data Overview

Level of StudyEducational Institution

38.4%61.6%

Male

Female

68.2%31.8%

Univ. of Appl.Sciensces (HBO)

Universities of Scientific Education (WO)

1.9% 0.3%

Postdoc / MBA

PhD (Doctorate)

Graduate (Master)

Undergraduate

(Bachelor)

17.1%

80.8%

17.1%

34.9%

31%

24.8%

9.3%

Buseiness, Economics and Law (BECL)

Natural Sciences and Medicine (NSM)

Social Sciences (SSC)

Other

Gender Field of Study

Active Entrepreneurs

6% of the students are active entrepreneurs*.

On average, the distribution of active entrepreneur

students among the educational institutions, is higher for

the Universities of Applied Sciences (HBO), compared to

Universities of Scientific Education (WO).

* Active entrepreneurs are the students who next to their studies run their

own business.

Active Entrepreneurs

Across Study Fields Across Gender and Study Field

NSM

BECL

SSC

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Male

Female

49.6%50.4%

69.2%30.8%

78.2%21.8%

The majority of active entrepreneurs from the fields of

Business, Economics and Law (almost 80%) and the field

of Natural Sciences and Medicine (around 70%) are male,

while female active entrepreneurs are equal to male active

entrepreneurs in the field of Social sciences (around 50%).

*BECL: Business/Management, Economics, Law

*NSM: Engineering, Architecture, Mathematics, Health Sciences etc

*SSC: Linguistics and Cultural Studies

24.9%

31.9%

43.2%

BECLNSMSSC

Students studying Business, Economics and Law represent

43% of active entrepreneurs, while Natural Sciences and

Medicine equals to one third of the sample (32%) and Social

Sciences represents one fourth of students who are currently

running their own business (25%).

Percentage of Active Entrepreneurs and Distribution among Universities

Active entrepreneurs

NO

6%

Univ. o

f App

l. Scien

ces U

trech

t

Fonty

s Univ.

of A

ppl. S

cien

ces

Hanze

Univ.

of A

ppl. S

cien

ces

Eras

mus

Unive

rsity

Rotte

rdam

Inholla

nd Univ.

of A

ppl. S

cien

ces

Rotterd

am U

niv. o

f App

l. Scien

ces

University

of G

ronin

gen

The

Hague

Univ.

of A

ppl. S

cien

ces

Albed

a

Maa

stricht U

niversity

Utrech

t Unive

rsity

Leid

en U

niversity

NHTV B

reda

Univ.

of A

ppl. S

cien

ces

Eindh

oven U

niversity

of T

echnolo

gy

Delft

University

Univ. o

f App

l. Scien

ces L

eide

n

Average

8%

12%

16%

20%

4%

0%

17.8

15.5

12.511.8 11.5

10.810.1

6.2

3.5

1.4 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.4

Tilb

urg

Unive

rsity

0.0

Nascent Entrepreneurs

10% of the students are nascent entrepreneurs*.

On average , the distribution of nascent entrepreneurs among

the educational institutions, is higher for the Universities of

Applied Sciences (HBO), compared to Universities of Scientific

Education (WO).

* Nascent entrepreneurs are the students who are in the process

of setting-up their own business.

*2011-2012 Survey did not include Nascent Entrepreneurs.

Nascent Entrepreneurs

Students studying Business, Economics and Law represent

more than half of nascent entrepreneurs (54%), while the

rest two study fields (Natural Sciences and Medicine and Social

Sciences) share same percentages of students who are in the

process of setting their business (23%).

The majority of nascent entrepreneurs from the fields of

Business, Economics and Law and Natural Sciences and

Medicine are male (70% and 72% respectively), while female

nascent entrepreneurs are dominant in the field of Social

sciences (60%).

Across Study Fields Across Gender and Study Field

NSM

BECL

SSC

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Male

Female

40%60%

72%28%

70%30%

23.1%

22.9%

54%

BECL

NSMSSC




Percentage of Nascent Entrepreneurs and Distribution among Universities

Univ.

of App

l. Scien

ces U

trech

t

Font

ys U

niv.

of App

l. Scien

ces

Hanze

Uni

v. of A

ppl. S

cien

ces

Eras

mus

Uni

versity

Rotte

rdam

Inho

lland

Uni

v. of A

ppl. S

cien

ces

Rotterd

am U

niv.

of App

l. Scien

ces

Unive

rsity

of G

roni

ngen

The

Hague

Uni

v. of A

ppl. S

cien

ces

Albed

a

Maa

stricht

Uni

versity

Utrech

t Uni

versity

Leid

en U

nive

rsity

NHTV B

reda

Uni

v. of A

ppl. S

cien

ces

Eind

hove

n Uni

versity

of T

echn

ology

Delft

Unive

rsity

Univ.

of App

l. Scien

ces L

eide

n

Tilb

urg

Unive

rsity

Average

8%

12%

16%

20%

4%

0%

16.115

12.1 12.111.1

10.2

8.7

5.9

4.5

3.1

1.4 1.3 1.2 1 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.2

Nascent entrepreneurs

NO

10%

Active & Nascent Entrepreneurs across Countries

In the Netherlands, the level of active and nascent

entrepreneurs is below the average international level.

On particular, we note that the average level of students

are currently trying to set up their own business (nascent

entrepreneurs) is 19% while 8% are already running one

worldwide (active entrepreneurs). In the Netherlands the

level of nascent and active entrepreneurs is 10% and 6%,

respectively.

On an average international level, 8% of the studentsare active entrepreneurs while 19% are nascent.

In the Netherlands, 6% of the students are active entrepreneurswhile 10% are nascent.

>60%40-60%20-40%10-20%<10%

Percentage of Active & Nascent Entrepreneurs around the World

29

29 27

16

137 5 10 13

49 6

11 8 9 7 8 6 4 5 7 6 3 3 4 1 5 5 3 4 4 2 5 3 471 51 52 38 27 24 27 21 18 27 21 22 17 19 18 18 16 15 16 14 12 10 12 11 9 11 7 7 8 8 7 9 5 5 3

NGRARG

MYS

MEX

COL

HUNRO

MGRE

LIE

POL

AUSRUS

USA

Average

ESTENG

CANBRA

SIN

POR

FIN

FRA

BELESP JP

NGER

DEN ISR

ITA

SCO

LUX

AUTSU

ISL

O

NETHERLANDS

Nascent Entrepreneurs Active Entrepreneurs

Percentage of Active & Nascent Entrepreneurs across Countries

Career Choice Intentions

The students who are or want to become Founders or

Successors represent the student entrepreneurs.

In GUESSS, the vast majority of student, prefer to become

employees right after study completion. Five years after

studies, more than half of the students still want to be

employees, while almost one third wants to become

entrepreneur.

Right after Studies Five Years after Studies

3.4%

27.1%

52.7%

16.8%

SuccessorFounderEmployeeOther/ no plans

Right after studies only 6% of the students intend to become

entrepreneurs, either as founders (5%) or as successors (1%)

5 years after studies 30% of the students intend to become

entrepreneurs, either as founders (27%) or as successors (3%).

0.8%

4.8%14.3%

80.1%

SuccessorFounderEmployeeOther/ no plans

Career Choice Intentions

Career Choice Intentions across Gender

Directly after study, women are less likely than men to

have the intention of becoming entrepreneurs. 8% of the

male students aim to become entrepreneurs versus 4% of the

female students.

Five years after students complete their studies, 35% of the

male students intend to become entrepreneurs versus 28%

of the female students. This is a dramatic increase compared

to entrepreneurial intentions right after study completion.

Right after Study

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

80.7 15.5

3.3 0.6

79.1 12.57.2

1.2

Male

Female

EmployeeFounderSuccessorOther/ no plans

5 Years after Study

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

55.1 17.324.5

49 15.931.3Male

Female3.2

3.8EmployeeFounderSuccessorOther/ no plans

Career Choice Intentions 5 Years after Study

Is there a difference between the educational institutions?

In HBOs, there are more students that want to become

entrepreneurs, compared to WOs.

In particular, 32% of the HBO students want to pursue a career

in entrepreneurship, against 27% of the WO students.

Across Study Fields Across Type of Educational Institutions

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

53.2 19.824.9

2.255.7 19.822

2.551.7 11.431.5

NSM

SSC

BECL

5.4


HBO

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

50.9 28.8 17.1

WO 57.6 15.922.93.7

3.2





*WO: Universities of Scientific Education

*HBO: Universities of Applied Sciences

What are the career choice intentions across the different

study fields*?

Students form the field of BECL, have higher interest on

becoming entrepreneurs, 5 years after completing their

studies.

Entrepreneurship Education in The Netherlands

Overall, 33% of the students have attended an

entrepreneurship course.

20% of these students have attended at least one

entrepreneurship course as compulsory part of their study

while 13% as an elective or specific program.

Attendance of Entrepreneurship Courses

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

Attended at least oneentrepreneurship course as elective

I am studying in a specificprogram in entrepreneurship

Attended at least one entrepreneurship course as compulsory part of my studies

Not attended a course on entrepreneurship so far

66.8%

20.4%

8.5%

4.3%

100%

National Report for The Netherlands

In the national report for the Netherlands you can also find

more detailed information about:

| Participants and Sample in the Netherlands

| Students Career Choice Intentions

| Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intentions

| Student Nascent Entrepreneurs

| Student Active Entrepreneurs

Global University EntrepreneurialSpirit Students’ Survey

National Report for the Netherlands 2013-2014

WWW.ECE.NL


Get the National Report OnlineWWW.ECE.NL


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