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1. Initially it was used by the United States military2. Satellite-based navigation system that consists of 24

orbiting satellites3. These satellites transmit three bits of information• the satellite's number• its position in space• the time the information is sent5. GPS provides real-time, three-dimensional positioning, navigation and timing 24/7 all over the world6. Now most receivers are in automobiles and smartphones

Introduction

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These signals are picked up by the GPS receiver, which uses this information to calculate the distance between it and the GPS satellites

How fast can gps locate your position ?

Literature Review

Almanac Data

Ephemeris Data

Contains the course orbital parameters for all satellites.

Each satellite broadcasts almanac data for all satellites

Each satellite broadcasts only its own ephemeris data

Broadcast 2 type of data:

General data Highly precise data

Valid for up to 180 days Valid for < 4 hours

Up to 12.5 minutes to download

Up to 10 seconds to download

1st situationalmanac ephemeris

2nd situation

Space element

Operational control

Receiver/user

How GPS work ?

Technical specifications

Space Element

• 24 satellites flying 20,350 Km above the earth

• Each one circles the earth twice a day in one of six orbits to provide continuous worldwide coverage

• Provided with atomic clocks.• GPS signals are located in RF spectrum

allocated by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) between 1559 MHz and 1610 MHz

Basic Working Idea

1. GPS satellite broadcast radio signals providing their location, status, and precise time{t1} from on board atomic clock

2. The GPS radio signal travel through space at the speed of light {c}. More than 299,792 Km/sec.

3. A GPS device receives the radio signals noting their exact time of arrival {t2}, and uses these to calculate its distance from each satellite in view

4. Once GPS device knows its distance from at least four satellite, it can use geometry to determine its location on Earth in three-dimensional

Formula

• Distance = rate x time Rate = {C}Time = difference between the broadcast

signal from the satellite {t1} and the time the signal is received {t2}

Mainly, the application of Global Poaitioning system fall into five(5) categories: Navigation Location Timing Mapping Tracking

Each category contains uses for the military, industry, transportation, recreation and science.

applications

1. Navigation

The system that give accurate and precise measurements anywhere, anytime and under any weathers condition Example; 1. Store the location. 2. Measure the location of icebergs-valuable for ship captains. 3.Measure the movement of volcanoes 4. Measure the growth of mountain.

2. Location

The process of getting from one location to another using virtual simulation

Example; 1.Transportation in land, water and air

3. TimingGPS gives precise timing to all of us.Each satellite equiped with an extremely precise atom clock.Can synchronize the watches according to the real time.

4. MappingMake map for particular area; countries, districts, cities, town etc.

5. TrackingMake track for instaneous location of goods; Example; 1.Transportation

2.Goods Postage3.Gadget

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions,anywhere on or near the Earth.

GPS receivers take the transmit signal information to earth and use triangulation to calculate the user's exact location.

Applications :for marine system,private and commercial

use,air planes and oil exploration.

Advantages : ease of navigation,gain weather information

and help improve trakking and mapping skills.

summary