global human resource programs development in …global human resource programs development in asean...
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Global Human Resource Programs
Development in ASEAN
Highly-specialized professionals in Agriculture and Food Science
Prof. Ryo Akashi
University of Miyazaki, Japan
・Business is people.
(事業は人なり:Konosuke Matsushita )
・Manufacturing (Monozukuri) is about developing people.
(モノづくりは人づくり:Sakich Toyota)
History of human resource development in Japanese company
Human resource development were learned from Japanese cartoon
朝日ソノラマ 講談社 KONAMI
ASEAN Community (2015)
1. ASEAN Security Community (ASC)
2. ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)
3. ASEAN Social and Culture Community (ASCC)
ASEAN University Network (AUN)
Southeast Asian Ministers of Organization
Regional Center for Higher Education and Development
(SEAMEO-RIHED)
ASEAN International Mobility for Students Program (AIMS)
ASEAN consortium in genetic resources
By 2014 Establishment of program on genetic resources in ASEAN
By 2016 Establishment of genetic resources research center in ASEAN
By 2018 Campus Asia in GR (One Asia)
Campus Asia in GR Collective Action for Mobility Program of University Students
in genetic resource program
A germplasm is a collection of genetic resources for an organism. For plants, the germplasm may be stored as a seed collection or, for trees, in a nursery.
For agriculture resources
Germplasm
Genetic Resource
Genetic resources are, according to the international convention for biodiversity, living material that includes genes of present and potential value for humans. Plant genetic resources includes all our agricultural crops and even some of their wild relatives because they too often have valuable traits.
Genetic resource
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Ⅰ
Ⅱ
A bioresource is a resource that is living in some way. Animals and vegetables grown for food could be considered bioresources, as could plants grown for energy needs. However our bioresources are a collection and conservation of genetic resources for basic research in life science fields.
Ⅱ BioResource
II. Germplasm
I. Genetic resource
III. BioResource
Ⅲ
Plant varieties include in genetic resource
The kind of artificial and natural changes that may lead to loss of ‘genetic diversity’ or ‘genetic erosion’ may be broadly grouped under the following headings.
The Causes of Plant Genetic Diversity Loss
- Genetic Diversity Genetic diversity, the level of biodiversity, refers to the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species. It is distinguished from genetic variability, which describes the tendency of genetic characteristics to vary. The interdependence between genetic and biological diversity is delicate. Changes in biological diversity lead to changes in the environment, leading to adaptation of the remaining species. Changes in genetic diversity, such as in loss of species, leads. to a loss of biological diversity.
- Genetic Erosion Genetic erosion in agricultural and livestock biodiversity is the loss of genetic diversity, including the loss of individual genes, and the loss of particular combination of genes (or gene complexes) such as those manifested in locally adapted landraces of domesticated animals or plants adapted to the natural environment in which they originated. The major driving forces behind genetic erosion in crops are: variety replacement, land clearing, overexploitation of species, population pressure, environmental degradation, overgrazing, policy and changing agricultural systems. The main factor, however, is the replacement of local varieties of domestic plants and animals by high yielding or exotic varieties or species. A large number of varieties can also often be dramatically reduced when commercial varieties (including GMOs) are introduced into traditional farming systems.
Original by CIMMYT
- Potential of Genetic Resources
PGR continue to play an important role in the development of agriculture. Genetic material of plants which is of value as a resources for the present and future generations of people. These can be classified in seven different groups.
Primitive forms of cultivated plants and land races Modern cultivars and obsolete (unused) cultivars Breeding lines and genetic stocks Weed races Related wild species and other wild species
Plant Breeder’s Right and Plant Patents
- UPOV
UPOV was established by the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. The Convention was adopted in Paris in 1961 and revised in 1972, 1978 and 1991. The objective of the Convention is the protection of new varieties of plants by an intellectual property right. By codifying intellectual property for plant breeders, UPOV aims to encourage the development of new varieties of plants for the benefit of society.
- Plant breeder’s Right Plant breeder found a special characteristic of
plant genetic resources. Plant breeder has done very well for producing
varieties. The colleague and company have done very well
too. The company that developed the varieties spend a
lot of money. At least the company need to monopolize the
varieties for a certain period.
- What kind of plants for UPOV ? At the date on which it becomes bound by this convention, to all plant genera and species to which it applies.
National BioResource Project in Japan
The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT) has
conducted the first and second terms of the
National BioResource Project (NBRP) from FY
2002 to FY 2011 to comprehensively promote
life sciences.
The major purpose of this project is to collect,
preserve, and provide bioresources (such as
experimental animals and plants) that are
essential experimental materials for life
sciences research. The project also aims to
improve the bioresources by increasing the
value of bioresources through enriching
genome information and developing
fundamental technologies for preservation and
other necessary procedures, in order to meet to
the current scientific demands. In addition,
reinforcement of functions of the information
center is included in the project to enhance
dissemination of the information regarding the
whereabouts and biological characteristics of
bioresources.
Project General Outline
1) Core facility upgrading program
2) Genome information upgrading program
3) Fundamental technology upgrading program
4) Information center upgrading program
NBRP
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The conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources in agriculture are essential to the sustainable development of agricultural production and of rural areas. The education of genetic resources program on the conservation, characterization, collection and utilization of genetic resources in agriculture promotes genetic diversity and the exchange of information between both country. It also facilitates co-ordination in the field of international undertakings on genetic resources. And we can understand at Plant Variety Protection system. At first・・・・
Collection Conservation Characterization
(Triple C)
Research and Education Program in Genetic Resources
Genetic resources in agriculture preserving the diversity
3
Summer Program in University of Miyazaki
1
Research and Education in Genetic Resources
3
National BioResource Project Genetic Resource Curator
This project, with the objective of training internationally special curators in biogenetic resources, aims to provide education opportunities and improve systems that will achieve. In partnership with education and research institutes overseas, internationally minded human resources familiar with the scientific handling and the handling in compliance with the collection and conservation on Biological Diversity and other involved laws of biogenetic resources in the field of environment will be educated.
International Distribution of the Educational Curriculum for Genetic Resources
International Distribution of the Educational Curriculum for Genetic Resources (April 2010 ‒ March 2015)
University of Miyazaki
Kasetsart University
Support
TrainingSatellite support office
Teach the
curriculum
Main office
Sunchon National University
Satellite support office
Support
Training
ICT (web site, video conference system, video podcast ...)
Educate local younger
members of the faculty
Construct a continuous support
system by using Information and
Communication Technology (ICT)
Support and administration
Guarantee of the curriculum quality
Educate by younger
faculties
Faculty
Students
Faculty
Faculty
Kyoto Institute of Technology
Cooperation
Taught by younger
faculty
Faculty
Students
Developed by University of Miyazaki and Kyoto Institute of Technology
Core%curriculum%Program%for%Gene1c%Resource%Educa1on%
and%Development
♦ Curriculum ♦ Alliance
♦ Publicity activities
Registration rate of the curriculum 25% (15/60)
Certified rate
90% (10/11)
@April 2009
International Management Procedure of the Curriculum
Laboratory work and each classes
Genetic Bioresources
Role of genetic resources in Society
Bioinformatics
Classification Transformation Diversity
Observation
Nucleotide sequence Genome size
Microsatellite
Genetics
Some plants Medaka
Some plants
Particle bombardment
Practice and train methodologies I -Laboratory-
Zoysia spp.
Lotus spp.
Medaka Bahia grass
Practice and train m
eth
odo
logies II -
Fie
ld-
1
Practice and Train Methodologies - Laboratory work -
3
Keywords:
Observation, Phenotyping, Genotyping, Polymorphism, Genome size, Transformation
Multiple monitor system in practice room
Multiple PC monitoring and administrating system in bioinformatics
ICT and digital contents -hardware-
Attending certification
Homepage in Genetic Resource Program
International Course of Agriculture
ICA
Environmentally sound biological production
Integrated control of animals and plants
Conservation and utilization of biological genetic
resources
Graduate Education for Global Society The students graduated master course are active in various areas of the world
Special Course for International Program
“This program will start from 2014 Spring”
Bachelor Degree
Master Degree
Doctor Degree
Lecture Practice Thesis
10 5
14 6 10
122
0
7 6
Gradational Units
International Course of Agriculture in Miyazaki University
Genetic resource education and research in one Asia
Genetic resources
Research
Date base
Educational program
Triple C project Collection Conservation Characterization
Bioinformatics program
Genetic resources curator program 2006〜
Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization
<Project name> Educational programs for conservation and utilization of genetic resources, and global environmental improvement for the preservation of genetic diversity <Acceptance and dispatch on students> 25 Japanese students from UOM 25 ASEAN students from 6 University in Asia <University cooperation> Kasetsart University (A), Gadjah Mada University (A), Bogor Agricultural University (A), Hanoi Agriculture University (A), Bandung Institute of Technology (E), Central Luzon State University (A, E) <Credit in program> 18-20 credits including Japanese culture, basic specialized subject, Lab. training and Lab. Research etc. <Duration of students> One semester (4-6 months)
< Planning in 2014 >
University of Miyazaki Bangkok Office
in Kasetsart University
• Science of Food Materials
• Food Functionality
• Food Science and Technology
• Japanese Food Culture
• Fermented Food Product in Japan
Human Resource Development of Food Science
in ASEAN Countries
The Cooking and Food culture on Japanese Cartoon
Thank you for your attention
Ryo Akashi
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Japan