global history y glossary english malay glossar · holocaust holokaus holy land tanah suci human...

Glossary

High School Level

Global History Glossary

English | Malay

Translation of Global History terms based on the Coursework for Global History Grades 9 to 12.

Updated: October 2018

THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234

This glossary is to PROVIDE PERMITTED TESTING ACCOMMODATIONS of ELL/MLL students. It should also be used for INSTRUCTION during the

school year. The glossary may be downloaded, printed and disseminated to educators, parents and ELLs/MLLs.

Please click here for the New York State Office of Bilingual Education and World Languages Webpage on "Assessment and Testing Accommodations"

http://www.nysed.gov/bilingual-ed/english-language-learnermultilingual-learner-assessment-testing-accommodations

THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234

P-16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education

Office of Bilingual Education and World Languages http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/

THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK

Regents of The University

BETTY A. ROSA, Chancellor, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D. ................. Bronx T. ANDREW BROWN, Vice Chancellor, B.A., J.D. ........................................................... Rochester ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D. ................................................................................................. Great Neck LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed.D. . ...................................................................... Beechhurst CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. . ........................................................................... Staten Island WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A. ............................................................................................... Rochester KATHLEEN M. CASHIN, B.S., M.S., Ed.D. ...................................................................... Brooklyn JAMES E. COTTRELL, B.S., M.D. ....................................................................................... New York JOSEPHINE VICTORIA FINN, B.A., J.D. .............................................................................. Monticello JUDITH CHIN, M.S. in Ed. ............................................................................................... Little Neck BEVERLY L. OUDERKIRK, B.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed. ........................................................... Morristown CATHERINE COLLINS, R.N., N.P., B.S., M.S. in Ed., Ed.D. ............................................ Buffalo JUDITH JOHNSON, B.A., M.A., C.A.S. ............................................................................. New Hempstead NAN EILEEN MEAD, B.A. ................................................................................................ Manhattan ELIZABETH S. HAKANSON, A.S., M.S., C.A.S. ................................................................ Syracuse LUIS O. REYES, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. ................................................................................... New York SUSAN W. MITTLER, B.S., M.S. ....................................................................................... Ithaca Commissioner of Education and President of The University MARYELLEN ELIA Executive Deputy Commissioner ELIZABETH R. BERLIN The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including braille, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department’s Office for Diversity and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234.

http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/

GLOBAL HISTORY GLOSSARY – HIGH SCHOOL LEVEL

1 NYS Statewide Language RBERN

ENGLISH MALAY

A A.D. A.D. aboriginal orang asli absolutism absolutisme African civilization tamadun Afrika Age of Reason Umur baligh agrarian pertanian AIDS/HIV AIDS / HIV allegiance kesetiaan alliance perikatan allies sekutu amnesty pengampunan ancestry keturunan animism animisme annex tambahan anthropology antropologi anti‐Semitic anti semitik apartheid aparteid appeasement bertujuan untuk menunjuk Arab League Liga Arab archeology kaji purba aristocracy bangsawan art seni artifacts artifak Asia Asia assimilate mengasimilasikan atlas buku peta autocracy autokrasi autonomy autonomi

B B.C. Sebelum Masihi backgrounds latar belakang Balance of Power Keseimbangan Kuasa Balkans Balkan battle pertempuran Belief systems Sistem kepercayaan belligerent berperang Berlin Airlift Pengangkutan Udara Berlin Berlin Wall Tembok Berlin bible kitab bible Black Death Maut Hitam blockade kepungan, sekatan Bolshevik Revolution Revolusi Bolshevik, Revolusi Russia boundaries sempadan bourgeoisie borjuasi Boxer Rebellion Pemberontakan Boxer



ENGLISH MALAY Bronze Age Zaman Gangsa bubonic plague wabak bubonik Buddhism Fahaman Buddha, Buddhisme Bushido Bushido Byzantine Byzantine

C Capital Ibu negara, modal capitalism kapitalisme Caribbean Karibia cartel kartel cash crop tanaman kontan caste system sistem kasta Catholicism Katolik cause sebab, menyebab censorship penapisan Central America Amerika Tengah century abad change perubahan charter piagam child labor buruh kanak‐kanak China China Chinese Cina Christianity Kristian chronological order susunan kronologi church gereja circumnavigate lajang citizen warganegara city‐state ibu negari civil disobedience keingkaran awam civil war perang saudara civilizations tamadun clan klan classical civilizations tamadun klasik clergy golongan paderi climate iklim coalition gabungan, campuran Cold War Perang Dingin collective kolektif collective security keselamatan kolektif colonialism kolonialisme colony koloni, tanah jajahan command economy perintah ekonomi commercial revolution revolusi komersial common good kebaikan bersama common law undang‐undang am communication komunikasi, perhubungan communism komunisme



ENGLISH MALAY communist Party Parti komunis community komuniti, masyarakat concentration camp kem tahanan concept konsep conclusion kesimpulan conflict konflik Confucianism Konfusianisme Congress of Vienna Kongres Vienna conquest penaklukan conquistadores penakluk consent persetujuan conservation of resources pemuliharaan sumber conservative konservatif constitution perlembagaan constitutional monarchy raja berperlembagaan consumption penggunaan containment pembendungan contemporary issues isu kontemporari continent kontinen contribution sumbangan controversial events peristiwa kontroversi costs kos, harga Counter Reformation Reformasi Kaunter country negara coup d’état rampasan kuasa d’etat Creoles Creoles crisis krisis. kemelut Crusades Perang salib Cuban missile crisis krisis peluru berpandu Cuba cultural diffusion penyebaran budaya Cultural Revolution Revolusi Budaya culture kebudayaan customs adat Czar Tsar

D Dark Ages Zaman Gelap debt hutang decline menolak, merosot deforestation penebangan hutan democracy demokrasi demographic patterns corak demografi desertification desertifikasi despot zalim despotism kezaliman detente ketegangan developing country negara membangun diaspora diaspora



ENGLISH MALAY dictatorship pemrintahan berkuasa mutlak diplomacy diplomasi direct democracy demokrasi langsung discrimination pembezaan discuss runding diseases penyakit displaced persons orang pelarian dissident pembangkang distance jarak distribution pengagihan diversity kepelbagaian divine right hak ketuhanan raja drug trafficking pengedaran dadah dynasty dinasti

E earth bumi Eastern Hemisphere Hemisfera Timur economic growth perkembangan ekonomi education pendidikan effect kesan Egypt Mesir election pilihan raya embargo sekatan emigrate berhijrah emperor maharaja empire empayar encomienda system sistem encomienda encounter pertemuan endangered species spesies terancam enforce menguatkuasakan English Bill of Rights Deklarasi Hak‐Hak enlightenment pencerahan environment persekitaran epidemic wabak equal sama era era Estates‐General Estet Umum ethnic cleansing pembersihan etnik ethnic conflict konflik etnik ethnic groups kumpulan etnik ethnic tension ketegangan etnik ethnocentrism etnosentrisme Eurasia Eurasia Eurodollar Eurodolar European Union Kesatuan Eropah events peristiwa excommunication pengucilan



ENGLISH MALAY expansion pengembangan exploitation eksploitasi exploration penerokaan export eksport extraterritoriality extraterritoriality

F fact fakta factors faktor famine kebuluran, kelaparan Fascism fasisme Fascist Party parti fasis federation persekutuan Fertile Crescent Hilal subur feudalism feudalisme fiefdom wilayah kekuasaan feudalisme folklore cerita rakyat, cerita dongeng foreign asing, luar negeri foreign aid bantuan asing foreign policy dasar luar free trade perdagangan bebas French Revolution Revolusi Perancis fundamentalism fundamentalisme

G gender jantina generations generasi genocide pembunuhan beramai geographic factors faktor geografi geography geografi ghetto gheto glasnost glasnost global economy ekonomi sedunia global history sejarah sedunia global market pasaran sedunia global migration penghijraan sedunia global trade perdagangan sedunia global village perkampungan sedunia globalization globalisasi globe dunia Glorious Revolution Revolusi Mulia goals matlamat gothic gaya rencong government kerajaan groups kumpulan guerrilla warfare

kebajikan gerila



ENGLISH MALAY

H Hammurabi Code Kod Hammurabi Hellenistic Hellenistik heretic pembidaah Hinduism Hinduisme Holocaust Holokaus Holy Land Tanah Suci human rights hak manusia humanism humanisme humanitarian kemanusiaan hunters and gatherers pemburu dan pengumpul

I ideas idea, akal immigration immigresen imperialism fahaman imperialisme import import income pendapatan Indian Empires Empayar India indulgences kepuasan Indus Valley Lembah Indus Industrial Revolution Revolusi perindustrian industrialism perindustrian inflation inflasi infrastructure infrastruktur inquisition penyelidikan interdependence saling bergantung interpretation interprestasi invasion pencerobohan invention ciptaan, rekaan Iron Curtain Tirai Besi irrigation pengairan Islam Islam isolationism dasar perkecualian

J jihad jihad Judaism Judaisme justice keadilan

K knowledge pengetahuan Koran Quran



ENGLISH MALAY

L laissez‐faire biarkan berbuat land grants geran tanah land reform pembaharuan tanah language bahasa Latin America Amerika Latin latitude latitud legend legenda legislature badan perundangan liberal liberal, terbuka liberty kebebasan Life expectancy jangka hayat literacy kenal huruf location lokasi longitude longitud

M Magna Carta Piagam Agung maize jagung majority majoriti Mandate of Heaven Mandat Syurga manor manor maps peta Marshall Plan Rancangan Marshall Marxism Marxisme massacre pembunuhan beramai Mecca Kiblat medieval zaman pertengahan Meiji Restoration Pemulihan Meiji mercantilism merkantilisme meridian Meridian, Garisan khayalan Mesoamerica Mesoamerika Mesopotamia Mesopotamia mestizos mestizo Mexican Revolution Revolusi Mexico Middle Ages Abad Pertengahan Middle East Timur Tengah migrant pendatang asing migration penhijrahan militarism ketenteraan millennium alaf minority minoriti missionary mubaligh modern moden monarchy monarki Mongol Mongol monotheism tauhid



ENGLISH MALAY monsoon monsun mosque masjid Mothers of the Plaza De Mayo Ibu‐ibu Plaza De Mayo mountains gunung multicultural pelbagai budaya

N Napoleonic Code Kod Napoleonic nation state negara bangsa nationalism nasionalisme natural resources sumber semula jadi Nazism Nazisme negotiate runding Neolithic Neolitik neutrality berkecuali New Imperialism Imperalisme Baru Ninety Five theses 95 Dalil Nobel Peace Prize Penganugerahan Nobel nobility bangsawan nomads nomad nonalignment bukan penjajaran non‐violence bukan keganasan North America America Utara North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Perjanjian Perdagangan Bebas Amerika North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Pertubuhan Perjanjian Atlantik Utara nuclear age perang nuklir Nuremberg Trials Persidangan Nuremberg

O oceans lautan official rasmi Old Imperialism Imperialisme Lama oligarchy Oligarki Olmec civilization tamadun Olmec opinion pendapatan Opium War Perang Candu opposition pembangkang oral tradition tradisi lisan Organization of American States (OAS) Organisasi Negara‐negara Amerika Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

Organisasi Negara‐negara Pengekspor Minyak Bumi

organizations organisasi, pertubuhan origin asalnya Orthodox Christian Church Gereja Kristian Ortodoks Ottoman Ottoman overpopulation populasi berlebihan overthrow menggulingkan



ENGLISH MALAY

P Paleolithic Paleolitik Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) Pertubuhan Pembebasan Palestin Panama Canal Terusan Panama parallel selari parliamentary system sistem parlimen partition sesekat passive resistance rintangan pasif patrician golongan bangsawan Pax Romana Persatuan Internasional Cendekiawan dan Mahasiswa

Katolik Pearl Harbor Pangkalan AL Pearl peasants petani per capita income pendapatan per kapita perestroika restrukturisasi persecution penganiayaan Persian Gulf War Perang Teluk Parsi perspective perspektif pharaoh firaun philosophy falsafah photograph fotografi physical map peta fizikal pilgrimage haji, zariah plague wabak plebeian plebeian plebiscite suara rakyat pluralism pluralisme poem puisi pogroms pogrom point of view sudut pandangan political map peta politik political party parti politik political systems sistem politik politics politik pollution pencemaran polytheism politeisme population penduduk, jumlah penduduk post‐Cold War Selepas Perang Dingin poverty kemiskinan power kuasa Pre‐Columbian civilizations Tamadun Pra‐Columbus pre‐history pra‐sejarah prejudice prejudis, prasangka president presiden primary source sumber utama prime minister perdana menteri privatization penswastaan



ENGLISH MALAY productivity produktiviti proletariat kelas sosial rendah propaganda propaganda, diayah protectionism perlindungan protectorate protektorat Protestantism Protestantisme public awam public opinion pendapat awam Puritan Revolution Revolusi Puritan pyramids piramid

Q queen pemaisuri, ratu quota kuota

R

racism fahaman perkauman rain forest hutan hujan raw materials bahan mentah rebellion pemberontakkan Red Guards Pengawai Merah reform pembaharuan reformation pembaharuan refugee pelarian regionalism regionalisme Reign of Terror Pemerintahan Teror reincarnation penjelmaan semula relationship hubungan religion agama religion belief kepercayaan agama religion group kumpulan agama Renaissance Kebangkitan Semula representative democracy perwakilan demokrasi republic replubik resources sumber restoration pemulihan, pengembalian revolution revolusi Revolutionary War Perang Revolusioner river valley civilizations tamadun lembah sungai rivers sungai Roman Empire Empayar Roman rural luar bandar Russian Revolution Revolusi Rusia Russification Rusiafikasi



ENGLISH MALAY

S samurai samurai satellite nation negara satalit scarcity kekurangan scientific method cara saintifik secondary source sumber sekunder secular sekular segregation pengasingan self‐determination penentuan diri self‐government kerajaan sendiri senate senat separation of church and state pemisahan gereja dengan negeri Sepoy Mutiny Pemberontakan Sepoy serf hamba, tuan tanah Shintoism Agama Shinto shogun syogun Silk Road Jalur Sutra slash and burn farming memotong dan membakar ladang slave trade perdagangan hamba slavery hamba social sosial social class kelas sosial Social Darwinism Sosial Darwinisme socialism sosialisme socialist sosialis solidarity perpaduan South America Amerika Selatan sovereignty kedaulatan Soviet Union Kesatuan Soviet sphere of influence sfera pengaruh stability kestabilan standard of living taraf hidup state negeri status status, taraf steamboat stimbot stereotype stereotaip stratification stratifikasi structure struktur subcontinent benua kecil Sub‐Saharan Africa Afrika Sub‐Saharan superpowers kuasa terbesar Supply and demand Penawaran dan permintaan symbols simbol, lambang



ENGLISH MALAY

T Taiping Rebellion Pemberontakkan Taiping Taoism Taoisme technology teknologi terrorism keganasan theory teori Third World Dunia Ketiga Tiananmen Square Dataran Tiananmen timeline garis masa Torah Taurat totalitarianism totalitarianisme trade imbalance ketidakseimbangan perdagangan traditions tradisi treaties perjanjian Treaty of Versailles Perjanjian Versailles tribal group kumpulan puak tribalism tribalisme tribunal badan pengadilan Triple Alliance Perkumpulan Tiga Triple Entente Entente Tiga truce gencatan senjata Twelve Tables Hukum Dua Belas Pasal tyranny kezaliman

U United Nations Perserikatan Bangsa‐bangsa uprising pemberontakan urban bandar urbanization pembandaran utopian reform pembaharuan utopian

V value nilai vassal hamba abdi Vedas Veda viceroy penjaga vote mengundi

W war berperang Warsaw Pact Pakatan Warsaw weapons senjata Weimer Republic Replubik Weimer Western Hemisphere Belahan Barat Westernization Pembaratan White Man’s Burden Beban Orang Putih world dunia



ENGLISH MALAY World Bank Bank Dunia World War I Perang Dunia 1 World War II Perang Dunia 2 writing system sistem penulisan

Z Zionism Zionisme Zulu Zulu

global history y glossary english malay glossar · holocaust holokaus holy land tanah suci human...

Documents