global competitiveness report - deloitte · global competitiveness report benchmarking against the...

Analysis based on the 2015-16 EditionThomas Andersson and Tom Pernodd

Global Competitiveness ReportBenchmarking against the World

with selected rankings for Sweden

Global Competitiveness Report

World Economic Forum har i mer än 30 år haft en betydelsefull roll i att presentera undersökningar och rapporter om produktivitet och konkurrenskraft i länder världen över. Rapporten bidrar till att förstå de viktigaste faktorerna som ligger bakom ekonomisk tillväxt och att förklara varför vissa länder är mer framgångsrika än andra vad gäller konkurrenskraft och politiskt och ekonomiskt reformarbete.

I år har 140 länder deltagit i undersökningen som omfattar både officiell statistik och analys av en enkät till beslutsfattare i näringslivet i respektive land. World EconomicForum analyserar 12 pelare för tillväxt avseende infrastruktur, institutioner, makroekonomiska faktorer, grundutbildning & hälsa, högre utbildning, arbetsmarknad, handel, teknologi, finansiella marknader, marknadsstorlek, innovation och affärsnätverk.

I Sverige har IUET (International University of Entrepreneurship and TechnologyAssociation) och Deloitte ansvarat för genomförandet av enkäten.

Long term Competitiveness Ranking1984-(2015-16)

-

5

10

15

20

25

30

1984 1989 1994 1999 2004-05 2009-10 2014-15 2015-16

Sweden USA Germany Finland Japan

Source: World Economic Forum 1979-2013, The Global Competitiveness Report 2014-2015

4

Germany moves up to 4th

place and the Netherlands leap to 5th place

Sweden ranks 9th, slightly up from last year.

All Nordic countries rank high while Finland moves down from 4th

to 8th place

Top 10 ranking – OverviewGCI 2015/16 ranking and movements

GCI 2014/15 Change

rank score Rank + / - rank score rank score rank score

Switzerland 1 5.76 1 2 6.26 4 5.55 1 5.78

Singapore 2 5.68 2 1 6.36 2 5.70 11 5.19

USA 3 5.61 3 30 5.27 1 5.76 4 5.59

Germany 4 5.53 5 8 5.95 10 5.31 3 5.61

Netherlands 5 5.50 8 7 6.05 9 5.31 6 5.46

Japan 6 5.47 6 24 5.52 8 5.33 2 5.66

Hong Kong SAR 7 5.46 7 3 6.20 3 5.57 23 4.80

Finland 8 5.45 4 11 5.95 13 5.22 5 5.50

Sweden 9 5.43 10 13 5.90 12 5.24 7 5.45

UK 10 5.43 9 25 5.52 5 5.49 9 5.28

Other selected countries

Norway 11 5.41 11 6 6.06 11 5.29 13 5.16

Denmark 12 5.33 13 12 5.91 16 5.15 10 5.25

China 28 4.89 28 28 5.37 32 4.66 34 4.11

Overall Index Subindexes GCI 2015/16

GCI 2015/16Basic

requirements

Efficiency

enhancers

Innovation and

sophistication

factors

Source: The Global Competitiveness Report 2015-16

5

Innovation, Business sophistication & Technological readiness are the core strong-holds of Sweden’s competitive-ness

Sweden rank by pillarGCI 2015/16 ranking and movements

Sweden Pillar

Rank by Pillar of Competitiveness 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 Rank

5 13 11

20 22 20

14 17 17

13 23 20

Higher Education and training 8 14 12

Goods market efficiency 12 17 17

Labour market efficiency 18 20 20

Financial market development 8 12 14

Technological readiness 1 3 4

Market size 35 36 41

Business Sophistication 7 8 7

Innovation 6 7 7

Overall GCI Rank Sweden #9

#12

#7

Institutions

Infrastructure

Macroeconomic environment

Health and primary education

#13

Infrastructure and Macroeconomics (selected country rankings 2015(14))

Index Rank Sweden Finland Germany US Japan Singapore China

Overall quality 19(18) 6 11 13 7 4 51

Quality of air transport

infrastructure 22(21) 9 11 5 25 1 51

Quality of electricity

supply 15(22) 6 20 16 21 3 53

Budget balance 52(36) 65 13 114 132 6 34

Government debt 67(68) 96 113 129 140 127 66

Credit rating3(5) 10 4 5 19 7 26

Source: The Global Competitiveness Report, 2015-16

Health and Education(selected country rankings 2015(14))


Life expectancy 12(10) 22 18 34 2 6 53

Quality of primary

education 34(38) 1 19 29 7 3 55

Secondary education

enrollment rate 41(40) 16 27 61 24 17 74

Tertiary education

enrollment rate 26(27) 4 38 3 40 9 83

Quality of the

educational system 25(26) 4 10 18 27 3 56

Quality of Math and

Science education43(49) 2 16 44 9 1 49

Extent of staff training8(10) 10 13 14 6 4 50


Labour Market(selected country rankings 2015(14))


Cooperation in labour-

employer relations7(17) 22 20 31 5 3 62

Flexibility of wage

determination133(134) 140 132 19 7 6 73

Hiring and firing

practices106(100) 87 107 10 123 4 17

Redundancy costs,

weeks of salary61(66) 34 97 1 7 5 117

Pay and productivity 44(88) 42 13 8 14 3 20

Effect of taxation on

incentives to work 94(30) 109 95 35 38 3 58

Country capacity to

attract talent 25(26) 61 19 6 78 2 27



Intensity of Local

competition33(41) 89 7 4 1 21 36

Extent of market

dominance20(22) 51 3 11 2 13 28

Effectiveness of anti-

monopoly policy9(10) 4 14 10 3 5 36

Effect of taxation on

incentives to invest62(28) 70 54 35 49 5 50

Total tax rate, % profits 112(119) 81 107 95 114 10 128

Foreign market size

index40(36) 63 4 2 6 9 1


Goods Market Efficiency and Market Size(selected country rankings 2015(14))

23,2%

21,8%

9,7%

6,9%

6,9%

6,8%

6,5%

6,4%

5,1%

3,0%

2,2%

1,0%

0,2%

0,0%

- 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Restrictive labour regulations

Tax rates

Tax regulations

Insufficient capacity to innovate

Inadequate supply of infrastructure

Inadequately educated workforce

Access to financing

Policy instability

Inefficient government bureaucracy

Government instability/coups

Poor work ethic in national labour force

Inflation

Foreign currency regulation

Corruption

Sweden

The most problematic factors for doing business


23,2%

21,8%

9,7%

6,9%

6,9%

6,8%

6,5%

6,4%

5,1%

3,0%

2,2%

1,0%

0,2%

0,0%

14,4%

15,1%

16,8%

5,9%

2,8%

7,6%

8,9%

1,6%

16,0%

0,1%

4,7%

0,8%

1,6%

1,5%

- 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%


Tax rates

Tax regulations




Access to financing

Policy instability




Inflation


Corruption

Sweden Germany



23,2%

21,8%

9,7%

6,9%

6,9%

6,8%

6,5%

6,4%

5,1%

3,0%

2,2%

1,0%

0,2%

0,0%

9,7%

14,0%

12,5%

5,5%

5,3%

8,6%

6,7%

5,2%

13,7%

1,2%

7,0%

3,5%

3,3%

1,0%

- 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%


Tax rates

Tax regulations




Access to financing

Policy instability




Inflation


Corruption

Sweden USA



23,2%

21,8%

9,7%

6,9%

6,9%

6,8%

6,5%

6,4%

5,1%

3,0%

2,2%

1,0%

0,2%

0,0%

19,2%

25,1%

11,9%

16,4%

1,4%

2,8%

2,0%

6,0%

12,1%

1,4%

0,4%

0,3%

0,5%

0,0%

- 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%


Tax rates

Tax regulations




Access to financing

Policy instability




Inflation


Corruption

Sweden Japan



23,2%

21,8%

9,7%

6,9%

6,9%

6,8%

6,5%

6,4%

5,1%

3,0%

2,2%

1,0%

0,2%

0,0%

3,7%

8,5%

6,7%

12,5%

9,0%

4,0%

11,6%

8,1%

9,2%

3,1%

4,3%

5,8%

3,6%

8,3%

- 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%


Tax rates

Tax regulations




Access to financing

Policy instability




Inflation


Corruption

Sweden China



Overall Score – Country ComparisonFive year GCI score comparison

Finland (#8)Slightly negative trend since 2012/13 and falls to #8 in 2015/16

Decrease across all sub-indexes but remains #1 in institutions and health & primary education

Germany (#4)Positive turnaround exceeding previous 2013/14 levels

Slight increase in ranking of basic requirements from #11 to #8

USA (#3)Positive trend since 2011/12

Rank #1 in efficiency enhancers

Macroeconomic environment improving but still a weak spot

Sweden (#9)Move up to #9 with slightly higher score in innovation and sophistication

Innovation and sophistication remains stronghold

UK (#10)Move down from #9to #10 in 2015/16 but score same as Sweden

Efficiency enhancers decrease while basic requirements increased slightly

Norway (#11)GCI score continues to improve but Norway remains at #11

Ranks #1 in macroeconomic environment

Denmark (#12)Positive trend from 2014/15 has continued resulting in an increase to #12 in the rankings

Small improvements across all key areas during 2015/16

5,43

5,47

5,415,39

5,61

5,18

5,4

5,47

5,55

5,485,45

5,53

5,275,29

5,48

5,545,51

5,37

5,48

5,33

5,18

5,54

5,50 5,49

5,41 5,41

5,35

5,29

5,61

5,45

5,53

5,43 5,435,41

5,33

5

5

5

6

6

USA Finland Germany UK Sweden Norway Denmark

Total GCI - Score

2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16


5.46

5.56 5.53

5.17

5.79

4.78

5.31

5.42

5.625.57

5.32

5.56

5.00

5.24

5.43

5.655.59

5.15

5.46

5.075.14

5.54 5.57 5.56

5.21

5.38

5.08

5.19

5.595.50

5.61

5.28

5.45

5.165.25

4.5

4.7

4.9

5.1

5.3

5.5

5.7

5.9

USA Finland Germany UK Sweden Norway Denmark

Innovation and Business sophistication - score

2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16Source: The Global Competitiveness Report 2015-16

16

Business Sophistication and Innovation – Trend

Co

un

try

com

par

iso

nSw

eden

5.83

5.76

5.56 5.56

5.485.43

5.38 5.37

5.44 5.46

5.00

5.20

5.40

5.60

5.80

6.00

Business sophistication Innovation

Innovation & Business sophistication breakdown Sweden - score

2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16Source: The Global Competitiveness Report 2015-16

43

8

19

12

6

149

52

54

10

2015

710 8 6 4

59

9

19

11

4

105

84

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Local supplier

quantity Local supplier quality

State of cluster

development

Nature of competitive

advantage Value chain breadth

Control of

international

distribution

Production process

sophistication Extent of marketing

Willingness to

delegate authority

Business sophistication breakdown Sweden - rank

2013/14 2014/15 2015/16Source: The Global Competitiveness Report 2015-16

17

Business Sophistication – Sweden

Inn

ova

tio

n in

dic

ato

rsSw

eden

-co

mm

en

tary

Business sophistication• Business sophistication remains a stronghold for Sweden across most

indicators with an overall stable or positive development in 2015/16. • Local supplier quantity score has continued to decrease in 2015/16 leading to

a fall in rank from #43 to #59 over the past two years.

7

15

7

10

22

10

1

6

14

6

11

26

19

34

11

7

11

23

14

3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Capacity for innovation

Quality of scientific

research institutions

Company spending on

R&D

University-industry

collaboration in R&D

Government procurement

of advanced technology

products

Availability of scientists and

engineers PCT patent applications

Innovation breakdown Sweden - rank

2013/14 2014/15 2015/16Source: The Global Competitiveness Report 2015-16

18

Innovation – Sweden

Inn

ova

tio

n in

dic

ato

rsSw

eden

-co

mm

en

tary

Innovation • Overall, Sweden ranks #7 in innovation and continues to achieve strong scores

in several indicators of innovation in 2015/16. • Rankings for the quality of scientific research institutions, availability of

scientists and engineers and capacity for innovation have all improved slightly in 2015/16.

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