global best practices in agropv for emerging economies2019/09/18 · food can grow in former desert...
TRANSCRIPT
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Global Best Practices in
AgroPV for Emerging
EconomiesNguyet Thi TRINH, independent expert
Thibault FRISSON, independent expert & LEYTON
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Word list and Introduction
Agro
Agri
Voltaic
Photovoltaic
Energy
PV
or solar sharing or Land
SunDual use
Open field Green house
GOETZBERGER, A. et ZASTROW, A. On the coexistence of solar-energy conversion and plant cultivation.
International Journal of Solar Energy, 1982, vol. 1, no 1, p. 55-69.
Shrimps, seafoods
& seaweed
Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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Akira Nagashima
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Japan, cradle of agrivoltaic2004: Akira Nagashima, first agrivoltaic
prototype (solar sharing)• Synergy between PV and crops
• Patent free for public use in 2005
2013: Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and
Fisheries of Japan issued a notice to
permit the temporal conversion of
farmland• Feed-in-tariff
• Needs permissions (3 years)
• Must be removable
• Yield should be > 80% of the annual
region average
2018: 1347 permissions given to
agricultural solar power plants• Extension of permission to 10 years
(under conditions)Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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Akira Nagashima
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Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food
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AISES
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Japan, agrivoltaic systems
Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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Livelihood is not possible with agriculture,
income from farming alone is insufficient• Shortage of farmers
• Abandoned farmland
Agrivoltaic increases the income of farmers:• Maintain farmers & attract new farmers
• Revive abandoned farmland
Main crops under agrivoltaic systems:• Japanese ginger
• cleyera japonica
• Rice
• shiitake mushroom
• medicinal ginseng
• berries
AISES
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Japan, agrivoltaic systems
Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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Standard installation:• project led by local farmer
• Between 50 kW and 100 kW
• Shielding rate ~ 30% (up to 100% for
mushrooms)
• Thin PV panels (special production lines)
Local associations to help farmers
(installation, cultural practice…)
But many others systems (fix, 1D tracking, 2D
tracking, pods…)
AISES
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Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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AISES
farmsolar.jp
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Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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AISES
farmsolar.jp
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Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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AISES
farmsolar.jp
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Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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AISES
farmsolar.jp
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Isolated locations: solar pumps
Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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Decentralized irrigation services:• Reliable, cost-effective, and
environmentally sustainable energy
• Cost-competitive with diesel
powered pumps in many cases
• Reduced air pollution and CO2
emissions
Typical installation: pumps for co-
operative or village in arid region (often
women's work ):• free time
• more reliable income from the
irrigation system
• Improve crop production
solar-magazine.com
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Isolated locations: solar cold storage
Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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In developing countries, post-harvest
storage is one of the largest sources of
food lossesGUSTAVSSON, Jenny, CEDERBERG, Christel, SONESSON, Ulf, et
al. Global food losses and food waste. Rome : FAO, 2011.
Off-grid storage and preservation of
perishable foods:• Reduce post- harvest losses in fruits,
vegetables and other perishable food
• Increase Local Farmer Income
• Create Jobs
• Reduce Malnutrition
• Self-Sustainable
solar-magazine.com
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Fight against desertification (USA)
Patrick Murphy/University of Arizona
accumulated rainfall ~ 300 mm
Studies of crop growing under solar panels in arid regions
(University of Arizona)
Microclimatic conditions monitoring:• light levels
• air temperature
• relative humidity
• PV panel temperature
• soil moisture
• irrigation water use
• plant ecophysiological function
• plant biomass production
Promising results for chiltepin fruit, tomato and
jalapenos production.
Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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nengapp.com
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Fight against desertification (China)
Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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Shadowing saves water, drip irrigation:
Food can grow in former desert
Desert Gobi : interesting results in
controlling desertification in Ningxia
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Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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Fight against desertification (China)
Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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Shadowing saves water, drip irrigation:
Food can grow in former desert
Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia :• poverty reduction
• convert sand to arable land
• energy production
Kubuqi desert greening project praised by the UN Environment Programme
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Conclusion
Nguyet Thi TRINH – Thibault FRISSON - SESSION II: Agrophotovoltaics – Harvesting the Sun for Power and Food 18/09/2019
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Lots of projets worlwide:• Promising results for arid regions and isolated locations.
• Mixed results in temperate regions
Each agro PV project is unique (context, goal, climate, field…) but
agriculture must be the priority:
What would my crop production be
if I don't install solar panels?
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