glands associated with digestive-ss

8/12/2019 Glands Associated With Digestive-ss

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dr. Susianti, M.Sc


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GENERAL FEATURES

Salivary glands

Parotid

Submandibular

Sublingual

Pancreas

Liver

Gall bladder

A. Components of the System


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DuctsExocrine

Pancreas and liver also have important

endocrine functions

B. Exocrine and EndocrineFunctions


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Liver, pancreas, parotid gland serous

Submandibular, sublingual serous and

mucous

C. Serous and Mucous ExocrineSecretory Glands


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Exocrine glands are structurally and

functionally subdivided by septa

D. Glandular Subunits


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Intralobular ducts

Intercalated ducts

Striated ducts Interlobular ducts

E. Exocrine Ducts


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The majors pairs of glands, the parotis,

submandibular, and sublingual, surroud theoral cavity

Secrete saliva: moistens the food,

lubricates the digestive tract and begins the

enzymatic digestion of carbohydrates

SALIVARY GLANDS

A. General Structure andFunction


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Serous and mucous cells

Serous cells

Mucous cells Myoepithelial cells

Other cells

B. Cell Types


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C. Parotid Glands


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D. Submandibular (Submaxillary)Glands


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E. Sublingual Glands


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Serous

Compound acinar glands

Contains islets of Langerhans

Secrete variety of digestive enzymes

PANCREAS

A. General Structure andFunction


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Photomicrograph showing the

appearance of the acinar portion

of the pancreas with its secretory

cells.

Basal lamina Intercalatedduct Zymogen

egranules

Acinarcells

Centroacinar cells

Schematic drawing of the structure of pancreaticacini. Acinar cells (darker color) are pyramidal, with

granules at their apex and rough endoplasmic

reticulum at the cell base. The intercalated duct partly

penetrates the acini. These duct cells are known as

centroacinar cells (lighter color). Note the absence of

myoepithelial cells.


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1. Zymogene

granules

2. Basophilic

(chromophilic)

1. Alpha cells

2. Beta cells

3. Capillaries

4. Connectivetissue

5. Pancreaticacinus

Pancreatic Acini(Special Preparation) Pancreatic Islets(Special Preparation)


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Largest gland

Glissons capsule

Reticular connective tissue stroma

accompanying the blood vessels as they

penetrate the parenchyma Predominant cell type: hepatocyte

LIVER

A. General Structure


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Liver


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Three dimensional aspect of the normal liver. In the upper center vein; in

the lower center, the portal vein. Observe the bile canaliculus (darker

color), liver plates (lighter color), Heringscanal, Kupffer cells sinusoid, fat-

storing cell, and sinusoidal endothelial cell.


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Have main role in digestion, involves

enzymatic processing.

Detoxification Endocrine gland

Exocrine gland

B. General Functions


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C. Blood Supply

Hepatic portal vein

Hepatic artery

Hepatic sinusoids Central veins

Hepatic veins


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Schematic diagram of a

classic liver lobule. Branches

of the hepatic artery (HA) and

hepatic portal vein (PV) emptyblood into hepatic sinusoids

(S), through which it flow

toward the central vein. The

endothelial lining of the

sinusoids is discontinuous

and is separated from the

radial plates of hepatocytes

by the space of Disse. Bile

canaliculi receive bile from

the hepatocytes that border

them and convey it toward thebile ducts in the portal triads.

The arrows show that blood

and ilea flow in opposite

directions.


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Hepatocytes

Primary structural and functional subunits

Storage gycogens, endocrine functions,production and secretion of bile, detoxification

Kupffers cells

Fat-storing cells

D. Cell Types


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Hepatocytes


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Classic liver lobules

Portal triad

Central vein Hepatocyte plates and hepatic sinusoids

Portal lobule

Hepatic acinus (of Rappaport)

E. Liver Lobules


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Schematic drawing illustrating the

territories of the classic liver

lobules, hepatic acini, and portal

lobules. The classic lobule has acentral vein (CV) and is outlined by

the solid lines that connect the

portal spaces (PS). The portal

lobules (lighter color) have their

centers in the portal spaces; they

are outlined by lines that connect

the central veins (upper triangle).

The portal lobules constitute the

portion of the liver from which bile

flows to a portal space. The hepatic

acinus (darker color) is the regionirrigated by a single distributing

vein (diamond shaped figure).

Zones of the hepatic acinus are

indicated by I, II and III.


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LIVER LOBULE


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Bile Consist of bile acids, phospolipids, cholesterol.

Bilirubin, water, and electrolytes

Billiary tract Narrow bile ductulues (also called cholangioles

or Herings canals)

Hepatic duct

Common bile duct (ductus choledochus)

Sphincter of Oddi

F. Billiary System


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Consist of simple columnar epithelium,

have microvilli

Smooth muscle fibers

GALL BLADDER

A. Mucosa

B. Muscularis

C. Adventitia and Serosa

GALL BLADDER


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GALL BLADDER

glands associated with digestive-ss

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