glaciation= the formation of glaciers and the process by which
TRANSCRIPT
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Glaciation
Glaciation= the formation of glaciers and the
process by which they shape the landscapes
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Formation
Last ice age retreated10,000 years ago, now in
inter glacial period. A glacier occurs when thesnow accumulation is
greater than the rate ofmelting. Glaciers are slow moving
rivers of ice that form in
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Movement
As the ice gets heavier theweight causes it to slide
down hill, under the force ofgravity, average 2m a day.
This causes friction beneath
the ice which melts a thinlayer.
The resulting meltwater acts
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Processes Freeze thaw- a form of weathering,
water freezing in cracks of therock puts stress on the rock. Thiscontinued expansion and
contraction loosens the surfacelayer of rock
Abrasion- ice scoops up debris as it
moves and scratches away theside and floor of the valley
Plucking- the ice melts and freezes
around the rock then when the
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Landforms
The formation of a corrie- deep circularhollows near mountain top. Formed bysnow collecting in hollows which compactsand turns to ice. This ice moves down hill
under weight and the combined action offreeze thaw, abrasion and pluckingsteepens corrie sides and deepens thefloor.
A lip forms at the edge of the corrie where
erosion slows, the glacier flows over thetop of this lip but the tension in the ice
causes fractures know as crevasses.
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Landforms Cont...
Formation of an Arte- where twoneighbouring corries run back toback and gradually move closer
together, this narrows andsteepens the wall between them,forming a knife edge ridge.
Where several corries and artesmeet creates a sharply pointedsummit or pyramidal peak, e.g.
Snowdon, Mt Everest.
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Landform Cont...
As the glacier moves down the valleyit carves a u shaped valley. The icecuts right through leaving steep
edges on the sides, truncatedspurs, because the tributarysteams are at a higher level than
the main valley they enter ashanging valleys or waterfalls.
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Glacial Deposits
When the ice melts, deposits are left.
Moraines are rock material left byretreating glacier and are named
depending on where they are left.Terminal which is the furthest pointreached, Lateral is on the sides,Medial is in the centre of the valley
Drumlins are elongated hills whichoccur in groups commonly called abasket of eggs. The blunt end
usually faces the direction the ice
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Quick Fire Quiz
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What is a Glacier?
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When did the last ice age
retreat?
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What are the 3 processes
of glacial erosion?
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A glacier occurs on the top
of a mountain?True or False?
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Whats the name for an
ice hollow?
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Two corries together are
called a pyramidal peak?True or False?
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A glacial valley is what
shape?
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A truncated spur is
another name for a lake?True or False?
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Name the 3 types of
moraine
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What are groups of
drumlins called?
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Answers
1= A flow moving river of ice in anmountainous area
2= 10,000 years ago 3= Abrasion, freeze thaw and plucking 4= False 5= Corrie 6= False
7= U shape 8= False 9=Lateral, Terminal and Medial 10= basket of eggs or swarms