gis technology applications todd ccih2006 (1)

8/19/2019 GIS Technology Applications Todd CCIH2006 (1)

1/25

Global Mapping International

Applications of GIS Technology inApplications of GIS Technology in

Professional HealthProfessional HealthChristian Connections for International Health

Annual Conference, May 27 – 29, 2006

Scott A. Todd


2/25


What is GISWhat is GIS (Geographic Information System)(Geographic Information System)

GGeographiceographic Maps Maps

IInformationnformation Database Database

SSystemystem Hardware, Software, Data, Hardware, Software, Data,

People, PlansProgramsPeople, PlansPrograms

IS co!"ines the intuiti#e #isual clarity of a !a$ to%ether &ith

the infor!ation structurin%, searchin% and analy'in% $o&er of a

data"ase.


3/25


4/25


Data 'Data ' #he Main Ingredient#he Main Ingredient

ectorector ' points, lines, polygons (areas)' points, lines, polygons (areas)

asteraster ' images (aerial photos), grids' images (aerial photos), grids

#ab&lar#ab&lar ' databases, spreadsheets' databases, spreadsheets

How GIS Wor*s+ + +How GIS Wor*s+ + +eat&res, $ttrib&tes - .perations


5/25


eat&reseat&res (ector data)(ector data)

PointsPoints ' illage, acility, Ho&sehold, Patient' illage, acility, Ho&sehold, Patient

/ines/ines ' oads, i%ers, 0tility /ine' oads, i%ers, 0tility /ine

PolygonsPolygons 'Parcel, 1ens&s #ract, Ser%ice $rea'Parcel, 1ens&s #ract, Ser%ice $rea


6/25


$ttrib&tes$ttrib&tes (#ab&lar Data)(#ab&lar Data)

2%ents.b3ects2%ents.b3ects ' illage name, acility type,' illage name, acility type, Ho&sehold si4e, Patient conditionHo&sehold si4e, Patient condition

o&te5etwor*o&te5etwor* ' oad capacity, i%er name,' oad capacity, i%er name,

Sewer main si4e, 6o&ndary lengthSewer main si4e, 6o&ndary length

$reaegion$reaegion ' Parcel si4e ($cres), Demographics,' Parcel si4e ($cres), Demographics,

Ser%ice $rea (n&mber of patients)Ser%ice $rea (n&mber of patients)


7/25Global Mapping International

.perations " Geoprocessing.perations " Geoprocessing Data IntegrationData Integration ' 1ollection, 1on%ersion, ectification,' 1ollection, 1on%ersion, ectification,

1orrelation1onfirmation1orrelation1onfirmation

ManagementManagement ' Data &pdatemaintenance, 7oining w' Data &pdatemaintenance, 7oining w

other databases, Merge data setsother databases, Merge data sets

$nalysis$nalysis ' Selection28traction, Pro8imity, Distrib&tion,' Selection28traction, Pro8imity, Distrib&tion,

elationships, .%erlay, 1hange#rendselationships, .%erlay, 1hange#rends

eportingeporting ' Printed Maps, #ab&lar eports' Printed Maps, #ab&lar eports



So What + + +So What + + +

$ Geographic Information System is not 3&st a fancy tool for$ Geographic Information System is not 3&st a fancy tool forma*ing attracti%e, detailed maps+ma*ing attracti%e, detailed maps+

GIS pro%ides a dynamic %is&al representation of the informationGIS pro%ides a dynamic %is&al representation of the information

contained in a database, along with the power to 9&ery andcontained in a database, along with the power to 9&ery andmanage the database+manage the database+

GIS tools s&pport the creation and integration of %ario&s *inds ofGIS tools s&pport the creation and integration of %ario&s *inds ofdata sets to analy4e and better &nderstand e8isting patterns,data sets to analy4e and better &nderstand e8isting patterns,distrib&tions and relationships between feat&res+distrib&tions and relationships between feat&res+

GIS analysis can generate new data to s&pport clearer insightGIS analysis can generate new data to s&pport clearer insightand comm&nication for needs assessment, decision ma*ing forand comm&nication for needs assessment, decision ma*ing forstrategic planning and data management for implementation,strategic planning and data management for implementation,monitoring and e%al&ation of programs and initiati%es+monitoring and e%al&ation of programs and initiati%es+



Who 0ses GISWho 0ses GIS $rchaeology$rchaeology $gric&lt&re$gric&lt&re 6an*ing6an*ing Defense and IntelligenceDefense and Intelligence 2d&cation2d&cation

2lectric and Gas2lectric and Gas 2ngineering2ngineering ire2MSDisasterHomelandire2MSDisasterHomeland

Sec&ritySec&rity orestryorestry Go%ernment (ederal, State,Go%ernment (ederal, State,

1o&nty, /ocal)1o&nty, /ocal) Health and H&man Ser%icesHealth and H&man Ser%ices Ins&ranceIns&rance /andscape $rchitect&re/andscape $rchitect&re /aw 2nforcement and 1riminal/aw 2nforcement and 1riminal

7&stice7&stice

/ibraries and M&se&ms/ibraries and M&se&ms

/ocation Ser%ices/ocation Ser%ices

/ogistics/ogistics

Marine, 1oast and .ceansMarine, 1oast and .ceans

Mar*etingMar*eting

MediaMedia Mining and 2arth SciencesMining and 2arth Sciences

5at&ral eso&rces5at&ral eso&rces

Petrole&mPetrole&m

eal 2stateeal 2state

etail 6&sinessetail 6&siness

#elecomm&nications#elecomm&nications #ransportation#ransportation

0ni%ersities0ni%ersities

Water and WastewaterWater and Wastewater

WeatherWeather

So&rce! 2n%ironmental Systems esearch Instit&te ' Geography Matters, White Paper, :;;:



Health GeographyHealth Geography

It is &sef&l to di%ide the geography of healthIt is &sef&l to di%ide the geography of health

into two interrelated areas!into two interrelated areas!

< The geography of diseaseThe geography of disease, which co%ers the e8ploration,, which co%ers the e8ploration,

description and modelling of the spatio"temporal (space"time)description and modelling of the spatio"temporal (space"time)incidence of disease and related en%ironmental phenomena, theincidence of disease and related en%ironmental phenomena, the

detection and analysis of disease cl&sters and patterns, ca&salitydetection and analysis of disease cl&sters and patterns, ca&sality

analysis and the generation of new disease hypotheses=analysis and the generation of new disease hypotheses=

: The geography of healthcare systemsThe geography of healthcare systems,, which deals with thewhich deals with the

planning, management and deli%ery of s&itable health ser%icesplanning, management and deli%ery of s&itable health ser%ices(ens&ring among other things ade9&ate patient access) after(ens&ring among other things ade9&ate patient access) after

determining healthcare needs of the target comm&nity and ser%icedetermining healthcare needs of the target comm&nity and ser%ice

catchment 4ones+catchment 4ones+

So&rce! 6o&los, >amel M5 " Geographic Informatics in Health,6o&los, >amel M5 " Geographic Informatics in Health, School for Health, (ni#ersity of )athSchool for Health, (ni#ersity of )ath 6ath 6$: ?$@, 0>6ath 6$: ?$@, 0>



GIS Health SoftwareGIS Health Software

GIS Software Developing Organization Price

EpiInfo / EpiMap Center for Disease Control(CDC)

Free

HealtMapper !orl" Healt Organization(!HO)

Free

SIGEpi Pan #$erican HealtOrganization (P#HO)

%&'' Healt Inst%'' *on+Profit

%&''' Private #rcGIS Environ$ental S,ste$s

-esearc Instit.te (ES-I)%&'' Maintenance

So&rce! $lsahhar, 6elew, Getachew, Mc2lroy " GIS in P&blic Health, 0ni%ersity of Dallas, .ct :;;A


13/25



WH.! HealthMapperWH.! HealthMapper Adantages Adantages!!

ree! can be downloaded from WH. websiteree! can be downloaded from WH. website

ery &sef&l in s&pporting health s&r%eillance, diseaseery &sef&l in s&pporting health s&r%eillance, diseasepre%ention and controlpre%ention and control

DisadantagesDisadantages!! /imited comple8 statistical capabilitiesapabilities

Data not pro%ided with softwareData not pro%ided with software P&blicly f&nded programsP&blicly f&nded programs /imited #echnical s&pport/imited #echnical s&pport


http://www.who.int/vaccines-access/quality/un_prequalified/whologo.gif



2piInfo 2piMap2piInfo 2piMap

About !pi"nfo # !piMap About !pi"nfo # !piMap!! 1reated by the 1enters for Disease 1ontrol (1D1), in



1D1! 2piInfo2piMap1D1! 2piInfo2piMap

Adantages of !pi"nfo Adantages of !pi"nfo!! Meets most needs in epidemiological st&diesMeets most needs in epidemiological st&dies

ree, can be downloaded from 1D1 WebPagesree, can be downloaded from 1D1 WebPages

With a little comp&ter e8perience can do simple &sef&lWith a little comp&ter e8perience can do simple &sef&l

analysisanalysis

Disadantages of !pi"nfoDisadantages of !pi"nfo!! /ac*s statistical spatial data analysis/ac*s statistical spatial data analysis

2piInfo and 2piMap are two stand"alone programs2piInfo and 2piMap are two stand"alone programs Data not pro%ided with softwareData not pro%ided with software

P&blicly f&nded programsP&blicly f&nded programs

/imited #echnical s&pport " reference to a%ailable man&al/imited #echnical s&pport " reference to a%ailable man&al


http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.waterscape.org/pubs/tutorial_epiinfo/tutorial_ProgramosVadovas_LT_files/image002.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.waterscape.org/pubs/tutorial_epiinfo/tutorial_ProgramosVadovas_LT.htm&h=288&w=386&sz=16&tbnid=T0UkFgVeWF


17/25



SIG2piSIG2pi

Price$Price$ Health and $cademic Instit&tions (



2SI! $rcGIS2SI! $rcGIS

About !SR" Arc%"S$ About !SR" Arc%"S$ 1ompany started in



2SI! $rcGIS2SI! $rcGIS

&echnical Assistance$&echnical Assistance$ ree for initial year of p&rchaseree for initial year of p&rchase

Adantages$ Adantages$ Ind&stry leader in P&blic health sectorInd&stry leader in P&blic health sector Many e8tensions b&ilt on $rcGISMany e8tensions b&ilt on $rcGIS

6ase data pro%ided with software6ase data pro%ided with software

Software is scalableSoftware is scalable

1&stom Scripting 1apabilities " in 6, 1LL, +52#1&stom Scripting 1apabilities " in 6, 1LL, +52#

DisadantagesDisadantages!! 28pensi%e application and maintenance pac*age

5ot specifically oriented toward Health $pplications

5eed to ha%e hands"on e8perience or e8tensi%e traininge8tensi%e training




Data ormatsData ormats

!ach offers Free 'nline &raining Manuals

!ach product offers Data format support for$

Shapefiles (+SHP) 28cel

+1S

MS $ccess

d6ase

+21

!ach product can read data from a %PSSo&rce! $lsahhar, 6elew, Getachew, Mc2lroy " GIS in P&blic Health, 0ni%ersity of Dallas, .ct :;;A


22/25


1omparison Matri81omparison Matri8

HealthMapperHealthMapper2piInfo2piInfo 2piMap 2piMap SIG2piSIG2pi $rcGIS$rcGIS

Health $nalyticHealth $nalytic

S&pport 5eedsS&pport 5eeds

MetMet

@es@es @es@es @es@es @es@es

GISGIS

1apabilities1apabilities/imited/imited /imited/imited @es@es @es@es

1ost1ost reeree reeree


23/25


#he &t&re of GIS in Health#he &t&re of GIS in Health

HealthN&ery! $n onlineHealthN&ery! $n onlinehealthcarehealthcareser%icesaccessser%icesaccessapplication+application+

1ollaborati%e pro3ect of1ollaborati%e pro3ect ofGood Hope MedicalGood Hope Medical

o&ndation, 1aliforniao&ndation, 1aliforniaDepartment of HealthDepartment of HealthSer%ices O 1entre forSer%ices O 1entre forHealth Statistics, theHealth Statistics, the5ational Health5ational Healtho&ndation (5H),o&ndation (5H),2SI, .racle and S&n2SI, .racle and S&nMicrosystemsMicrosystems

#his fig&re shows a#his fig&re shows asearch for the nearestsearch for the nearesthospitals within a A"hospitals within a A"mile radi&s aro&ndmile radi&s aro&ndB:C?C (ip code, 1$,B:C?C (ip code, 1$,0S)+0S)+

HealthN&ery fo&nd HealthN&ery fo&nd locations+locations+

So&rce! 6o&los, >amel M5 " Geographic Informatics in Health,6o&los, >amel M5 " Geographic Informatics in Health, School for Health, (ni#ersity of )athSchool for Health, (ni#ersity of )ath 6ath 6$: ?$@, 0>6ath 6$: ?$@, 0>


24/25


GIS DemonstrationGIS Demonstration


25/25

Gl b l M i I t ti l

So&rces!So&rces! $lsahhar, 6elew, Getachew, Mc2lroy " GIS in P&blic Health$lsahhar, 6elew, Getachew, Mc2lroy " GIS in P&blic Health

0ni%ersity of Dallas, .ct :;;A0ni%ersity of Dallas, .ct :;;A

6o&los, >amel M5 " Geographic Informatics in Health6o&los, >amel M5 " Geographic Informatics in Health

School for Health, 0ni%ersity of 6ath, 6ath 6$: ?$@, 0>School for Health, 0ni%ersity of 6ath, 6ath 6$: ?$@, 0>

1ontact!1ontact! Scott $ #oddScott $ #odd

scottQgmi+org

gis technology applications todd ccih2006 (1)

Documents