gigi rolandi - cern the lhc machine and experiments gigi rolandi – cern ph

30 June30 June 2005200530 June30 June 20052005Gigi Rolandi - CERNGigi Rolandi - CERNGigi Rolandi - CERNGigi Rolandi - CERN

The LHC Machine and The LHC Machine and ExperimentsExperiments

Gigi Rolandi – CERN Gigi Rolandi – CERN PHPH


The LHC machine First full LHC cell (~ 120 m long) : 6 dipoles + 4 quadrupoles; successful tests at nominal current (12 kA)

More than half of the 1232 dipoles are produced

8.4 Tesla


Lowering of the first dipoleinto the tunnel (March 2005)

The magnet production proceeds very well and is on schedule, also the quality of the magnets is very good


2828thth June: 49 dipoles installed June: 49 dipoles installed


On the critical path for the first collisions, is the installation of the LHC in the tunnel, in particular due to delays in the cryogenic services lines (QRL) which initially had problems, and for which a recovery plan was implemented successfully

Dipole installation in the tunnel

Cryogenics (QRL) in the tunnel

Interconnection of the dipoles

LHC construction and installation


LHC installation and hardware commissioning plan


QRL installation is now

proceeding smoothly.

The main remaining problem

is the fast ramp up of

production of service

modules to feed the

installation sites at the

speed required.

Machine installation has

started.

Hardware commissioning

finished by end June 2007.

Ready for beam.

Lyn Evans’ conclusions from thehis presentation at the last RRBon the LHC status (end April 2005)


Objectives for the Pilot RUN

Reach a Luminosity of 1032

Low Luminosity run at 25 ns separation

Difficult to speculate further on what the performancemight be in the first year. As always, CERN accelerators departments will do their best !

Lyn Evans


LHCb Spectrometer

VELO

RICH1

TT

Magnet

OT

RICH2 Calo. System

Muon System


RICH1 shielding-boxin front of magnet

magnet

EcalHcal

Fe muon filters

LHCb Experimental Area


Level-1 data (VELO, TT, L0-info) with a possibility to include Tracker, Muon, L0-Calo

HLT data (all data)

Network Switches

sub-farm

sub-farm

sub-farm

sub-farm

…

storagedevice

network

sub-farm

PT Level-0: 40 MHz1 MHz Level-1: 1 MHz40 KHz

40kHz @ 50kB/event1MHz @ ~5kB/event

2000 Hz

commercialcomponents

decision

LHCb Level-1/High Level Trigger and DAQ


Good achievement made for the construction of many subsystems

Construction of the muon chambers is proceeding with tight planning

Pilot Run commission run for calibration alignment

(J/Psi ….x-sections…)

LHCb Status

LHCb will be ready to fully exploit LHC since day one


HMPID

Muon Arm

TRD

PHOS

PMD

ITS

TOF

TPC

ALICEALICEALICEDetector

Size: 16 x 26 meters

Weight: 10,000 tons


The ALICE Magnet:

ready for the experiment to move in!

still largest magnet magnet volume: 12 m long, 12

m high 0.5 T solenoidal field


Largest ever TPC 88 m3

2/2/2005 LHCC Status Report J. SchukraftGigi Rolandi - CERNGigi Rolandi - CERNGigi Rolandi - CERNGigi Rolandi - CERN 30 June30 June 20052005

‘initial working detector’ for initial pp and HI physics Pb-Pb initial L ~ few 1025 cm-2s-1 (1/20 of design) => large cross section processes

Some of the most interesting results of RICH came out in the first few days: Global event properties.

aim for ‘complete detector’ for collisions in 200850% of TRD , 3 out of 5 PHOS

Initial working detector well on track for collisions in summer 2007

ALICE INSTALLATION

Gigi Rolandi - CERNGigi Rolandi - CERNGigi Rolandi - CERNGigi Rolandi - CERN 30 June30 June 20052005

MUON BARREL

Silicon MicrostripsPixels

ECAL Scintillating PbWO4 crystals

Cathode Strip Chambers Resistive Plate Chambers

Drift Tube Chambers

Resistive Plate Chambers

SUPERCONDUCTINGCOIL

IRON YOKE

TRACKER

MUONENDCAPS

Total weight : 12,500 tOverall diameter : 15 mOverall length : 21.6 mMagnetic field : 4 Tesla

HCAL

Plastic scintillator/brasssandwich

CALORIMETERS

Compact Muon Solenoid


Surface UndergroundConstruct barrel yoke & cable

Prepare solenoid vac tank

Construct endcap yoke & cable

Assemble hadron calorimeters

Install muon chambers in yoke

Assemble coil & insert in vac tank

Insert barrel HCAL inside coil

TEST MAGNET

Lower underground in big entities

Install shielding in UXC

Prepare infrastructure in UXC

Prepare infrastructure in USC

Complete ECAL barrel & cable

Install Tracker and cable

Install beam-pipeClose experiment and commission

FIRST PHYSICSInstall ECAL endcap & pixel

CMS Assembly Sequence


Cold mass of CMS coil complete

Swiveling and

Insertion tests

With dummy coil

CMS Magnet Status


15 heavy lifts of about 1 week duration each.

Heaviest piece (central wheel + solenoid) 2000 tonnes.

Heavy lowering will start in Mar 2006, after magnet test

CMS Heavy Lowering


70% of DT chambers assembled, 15% installed

CMS Barrel Muon Spectrometer


All 400 chambers produced !

60% CSCs installed, 50% commissioned with cosmic rays

CSC installation

CMS Endcap Muon Spectrometer


CMS Tracker TIB Shells


• Now : detectors being commissioned with cosmic rays also in large chunks, addressing system issues.

• Q1 06, cosmic challenge: slice test of CMS during the Magnet Test

• Test with cosmic rays will continue in the pit after installation and re-cabling• Pilot run: Assume that we get a reasonable amount of collision data which are completed by Beam Gas/Beam Halo Muon datasets

•LVL1/HLT/DAQ: Timing-in, data coherence, sub-system synchronization, calibration, debug algorithms, …•ECAL and HCAL calibration :Intercalibrate barrel crystals - “Phi Symmetry Method” ~2% and Cross check and complete source calibration for HCAL channels ~2%•Tracker and Muon alignment : Align the tracker strip detector significantly below the 100 m level, Align the muon chambers at the 100 m level

CMS Commissioning


• Civil Engineering is off the Critical Path• Magnet: Coil connected. Start swivelling preparations in June

2005. Q1-06 end magnet test and cosmic challenge & start heavy lowering April 06

• HCAL, Muons : construction on schedule and well advanced.

• TO WATCH:• ECAL: Crystals production, new contracts signed with two vendors. • TRACKER: Hybrid production and tracker integration at CERN.

*ECAL endcaps and pixels (even though ready) will be installed during winter 2007 shutdown in time for physics run in 2008.

CMS Status

Initial CMS* detector will be ready and closed for beam on 30 June 2007.

beta* = 1540 m, 43 bunches, low emittance

Plus large t elastic scattering at 18 m

3 x 1-day runs at 1540 plus 2 short runs at 18 m

Roman Pots at 10 , high beam stability, low BGs

Requires special machine conditions– similar to polarization at LEP.

The difficulty and challenge of TOTEM operation is coming from the requested

precision for both optics & beams.

Roman Pots at ~10 imply :collimators must be set to 6/7 . e* ~ 1 mm, ~ 4 times smaller than nominal : collimator gaps 1 mm

TOTEM


Diameter 25 mBarrel toroid length 26 mEnd-cap end-wall chamber span 46 mOverall weight 7000 Tons

ATLAS superimposed tothe 5 floors of building 40

ATLAS


5 out of 8 coils installed End of coil installation by july 05

ATLAS Installation


MDT Chamber Production (w/o EE)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Jan 00 Jan 01 Jan 02 Jan 03 Jan 04 Jan 05 Jan 06Time

No

. C

ham

ber

s

Bare MDTPlan Bare MDTMDT with FCPlan MDT with FCIntegrated MDTPlan Integrated MDTtested MDTs (R.F.I.)Ready for Installation MS

ATLAS MDT Chamber production


The barrel EM calorimeter is installed in the cryostat, and after insertion of the solenoid, the cold vessel was closed and welded

A successful complete cold test (with LAr) was made during summer 2004 in hall 180

End of October the cryostat was transported to the pit, and lowered into the cavern

LAr barrel EM calorimeter after insertion into thecryostat

Solenoid just before insertion into the cryostat

ATLAS LAr EM Barrel Calorimeter and Solenoid Commissioning


Towards the complete experiment: ATLAS

Full “vertical slice” of ATLAS tested on CERN H8 beam line May-November 2004

x

z

y

Geant4 simulation of test-beam set-up

For the first time, all ATLAS sub-detectors integrated and run together with common DAQ, “final” electronics, DCS, etc. Gained lot of global operation experience during ~ 6 month run. Common ATLAS software used to analyze the data

ATLAS combined test beam in 2004


Commissioning with physics data proceeds in four phases: Phase 3 : Cosmics running

initial physics alignment / calibration of the detector

debugging of sub-systems, mapping dead channels etc. Phase 4 : One beam in the machine

beam-halo muons and beam-gas events more detailed alignment / calibration etc.

Phase 5 : First pp collisions : prepare the trigger and the detector

tune trigger menus / measure efficienciesbegin to measure reconstruction efficiencies, fake

rates, energy scales, resolutions etc. Phase 6 : Commissioning of physics channels

Improve measurements begin to understand backgrounds to discovery

channels …

ATLAS Commissioning


One track reconstructed in Muon chambers

Two tracks reconstructed in Inner Detector

Will happen every ~ 10 s

ATLAS Commissioning – cosmic raysFirst Cosmic ray observed by ATLAS Hadron Tilecal

calorimeter in the pit on June 20th


Component construction is (almost) complete for several sub-systems, The completion of the Inner detector is proceeding with very tight planning.

emphasis has shifted to integration, installation and commissioning

Large-scale surface system tests, in particular the combined test beam runs, have been a very major activity in 2004

There is very good progress of the schedule-critical magnet assembly, and on the general installation status and activities in the cavern

The commissioning has started: organization, planning, activities

ATLAS Status

Atlas is on Track for collisions in summer 2007 and physics still in 2007


Laboratory fully committed to the LHC project

Machine : past year achievements have been impressive giving robustness to the schedule Main objective remains to complete LHC installation towards

end of 2006 and to get first beams by summer 2007

Experiments : generally on track for ready for beam in middle 2007. Emphasis now on commissioning and preparation for pilot run.

CONCLUSIONS

gigi rolandi - cern the lhc machine and experiments gigi rolandi – cern ph

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