giao an tin 8 hoc ki 1

Trng THCS Bnh in Tun 1 Tit 2 Ngy son: 14 / 08 / 2011

Gio n Tin hc 8 Ngy ging: 17/ 08 / 2011

Bi 1: MY TNH V CHNG TRNH MY TNH (Tit 1)A/ Mc tiu: - Bit con ngi ch dn cho my tnh thc hin cng vic thng qua lnh. - Bit chng trnh l cch con ngi ch dn cho my tnh thc hin nhiu cng vic lin tip mt cch t ng. - Bit rng vit chng trnh l vit cc lnh ch dn my tnh thc hin cc cng vic hay gii mt bi ton c th. B/ Chun b: Chun b ca gio vin: SGK, gio n, dng hc tp. Chun b ca hc sinh: SGK, chun b bi mi. C/ Tin trnh dy hc: I/ n nh lp: (1 pht) - n nh lp hc - Kim tra s s II/ Kim tra bi c: III/ Bi mi: (39 pht) Hot ng ca thy v tr * Hot ng 1: Tm hiu cch con ngi ra lnh cho my tnh (14 pht) - GV: My tnh l cng c gip con ngi lm nhng cng vic g? - HS: My tnh l cng c gip con ngi x l thng tin mt cch hiu qu. - GV: Nu mt s thao tc con ngi ra lnh cho my tnh thc hin? - HS: Mt s thao tc con ngi ra lnh cho my tnh thc hin nh: khi ng, thot khi phn mm, sao chp, di chuyn, thc hin cc bc tt my tnh - GV: Khi thc hin nhng thao tc ny => ta ra lnh cho my tnh thc hin. - GV: iu khin my tnh con ngi phi lm g? - HS: Con ngi iu khin my tnh thng qua cc lnh. * Hot ng 2: Tm hiu v d v Rbt nht rc (10 pht)T T Nhin

Ghi bng 1. Con ngi ra lnh cho my tnh nh th no ? - ch dn my tnh thc hin mt cng vic no , con ngi a cho my tnh mt hoc nhiu lnh, my tnh s ln lt thc hin cc lnh ny theo ng th t nhn c.

- Con ngi ch dn cho my tnh thc hin thng qua lnh.

2. V d R-bt nht rc:Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in - GV: Con ngi ch to ra thit b no gip con ngi nht rc, lau ca knh trn cc to nh cao tng? - HS: Con ngi ch to ra R-bt - GV: Gi s ta c mt R-bt c th thc hin cc thao tc nh: tin mt bc, quay phi, quay tri, nht rc v b rc vo thng. - HS: Hc sinh ch lng nghe. - GV: Quan st hnh 1 sch gio khoa - HS: Hc sinh quan st hnh 1 sch gio khoa theo yu cu ca gio vin. - GV: Ta cn ra lnh nh th no ch dn R-bt di chuyn t v tr hin thi => nht rc => b rc vo thng? - HS: R-bt thc hin vic nht rc v b rc vo thng ta ra lnh nh sau: + Tin 2 bc. + Quay tri, tin 1 bc. + Nht rc. + Quay phi, tin 3 bc. + Quay tri, tin 2 bc. + B rc vo thng - GV: nhn xt cu tr li v gii thch sau * Hot ng 3: Tm hiu vit chng trnh v ra lnh cho my tnh lm vic (15 pht) - GV: Tr li v d v r-bt nht rc, vic vit cc lnh iu khin r-bt v thc cht cng l vit chng trnh. - GV: iu khin R-bt ta phi lm g? - HS: iu khin R-bt ta phi vit cc lnh. - GV: Vit cc lnh chnh l vit chng trnh => th no l vit chng trnh. - HS: Vit chng trnh l hng dn my tnh thc hin cc cng vic hay gii mt bi ton c th. - GV: Chng trnh my tnh l g? - HS: Chng trnh my tnh l mt dy cc lnh m my tnh c th hiu v thc hin c. - GV: Ti sao cn phi vit chng trnh?T T Nhin

Gio n Tin hc 8

+ Cc lnh R-bt hon thnh tt cng vic: - Tin 2 bc. - Quay tri, tin 1 bc. - Nht rc. - Quay phi, tin 3 bc. - Quay tri, tin 2 bc. - B rc vo thng.

3. Vit chng trnh, ra lnh cho my tnh lm vic:H y q u ; t n h T n c h n g t r n h Bt u R p 3h b i; c T i 2 nb ; c D y l n h n g i n C c l n h c h ra v tr N hc t ; r c tro n g c h n g t r n h b t u v k t th c a c h n g t r n Rh p 3h b i; c T i 3 nb ; c ;r c K t .t h c

+ Vit chng trnh l hng dn my tnh thc hin cc cng vic hay gii mt bi ton c th.

Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in

Gio n Tin hc 8

- HS: Vit chng trnh gip con ngi + Chng trnh my tnh l mt dy cc iu khin my tnh mt cch n gin lnh m my tnh c th hiu v thc hin v hiu qu hn. c. - GV: nhn xt cu tr li v a ra khi nim chng trnh my tnh IV/ Cng c v dn d: (5 pht) - Yu cu HS nhc li ni dung chnh ca bi. - Yu cu HS c phn ghi nh SGK - Lm bi tp 1,2 SGK Hng dn v nh: Hc bi v xem trc phn cn li. V/ B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim: ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................

T T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung


Gio n Tin hc 8 Ngy ging: 17/ 08 / 2011

Bi 1: MY TNH V CHNG TRNH MY TNH (tt)A/ Mc tiu: - Bit con ngi ch dn cho my tnh thc hin cng vic thng qua lnh. - Bit chng trnh l cch con ngi ch dn cho my tnh thc hin nhiu cng vic lin tip mt cch t ng. - Bit rng vit chng trnh l vit cc lnh ch dn my tnh thc hin cc cng vic hay gii mt bi ton c th. B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: SGK, gio n, ti liu tham kho - Hc sinh: SGK, hc bi c, chun b bi mi, dng hc tp. C/ Tin trnh dy hc: I/ n nh lp: (1 pht) II/ Kim tra bi c: (4 pht) Cu 1: Mun my tnh thc hin cng vic th phi lm g? Cu 2: Chng trnh my tnh l g? Vit chng trnh my tnh l lm cng vic g? III/ Bi mi: ( 35 pht) Hot ng ca thy v tr * Hot ng chnh: Tm hiu chng trnh v ngn ng lp trnh (35 pht) - GV: ch dn cho my tnh nhng cng vic cn lm ta phi vit chng trnh hng dn. - HS: Hc sinh ch lng nghe => ghi nh kin thc. - GV: my tnh c th x l, thng tin a vo my tnh phi c chuyn thnh dng dy bt. y l c s to ra ngn ng my - HS: Hc sinh ch lng nghe. - GV: My tnh ch hiu chng trnh vit bng ngn ng my. Tuy nhin, vic vit chng trnh bng ngn ng my rt kh v phc tp. - HS: ch theo di v ghi chp - GV: khc phc vic ny, cc nh lp trnh tm ra ngn ng vit chng trnh d dng hn - GV: Vy ngn ng lp trnh l g? - HS: Suy ngh v tr li - GV: Gi s c hai ngi ni chuyn vi nhau. Mt ngi ch bit ting Anh, mt ngi ch bit ting Vit. Vy hai ngiT T Nhin

Ghi bng 4. Chng trnh v ngn ng lp trnh:

- Dy bit (gm 2 k t 0 v 1) l c s to ra ngn ng dnh cho my tnh gi l ngn ng my.

- Ngn ng dng vit cc chng trnh my tnh gi l ngn ng lp trnh.


Trng THCS Bnh in c th hiu nhau khng? - HS: Khng hiu - GV: Tng t, my tnh ch c th hiu ngn ng my. Vy khi vit chng trnh bng NNLT th my tnh c hiu khng? Mun hiu th cn c g? - HS: My tnh s khng hiu v khng thc hin c. Mun my tnh hiu c th cn c chng trnh dch. - GV: Vy chng trnh dch l g? - HS: L chng trnh dng dch NNLT thnh ngn ng my. - GV: c mt chng trnh m my tnh c th thc hin c cn qua 2 bc: + Vit chng trnh bng ngn ng lp trnh. + Dch chng trnh sang ngn ng my my tnh c th hiu c. - HS: Theo di v ghi chp - GV: Qu trnh c minh ho hnh 5/SGK/Trang 7 - HS: Quan st hiu hn - GV: Nu tn mt s NNLT thng gp - HS: Theo di v ghi chp

Gio n Tin hc 8

- Chng trnh dch l chng trnh dch nhng chng trnh c vit bng ngn ng lp trnh sang ngn ng my my tnh c th hiu c.

- Vic to ra chng trnh my tnh qua 2 bc: + Vit chng trnh bng NNLT + Dch chng trnh thnh ngn ng my.

- Mt s NNLT thng gp: Pascal, C, Java, Basic, ...

IV/ Cng c bi hc v dn d: (5pht) - Gio vin h thng li kin thc bi hc gip hc sinh nm r kin thc bi hc. - Yu cu hc sinh v nh lm bi tp 3,4 sgk v c trc bi 2. V/ B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim:....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... -------------------------------T T Nhin

---------------------------------Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung


Gio n Tin hc 8 Ngy ging: 23 / 09 / 2011

Bi 2: LM QUEN VI CHNG TRNH V NGN NG LP TRNH (Tit 1)A/ Mc tiu: - Bit NNLT gm cc thnh phn c bn l bng ch ci v cc qui tc vit chng trnh, cu lnh. - Bit NNLT c tp cc t kho dnh ring cho mc ch s dng nht nh. - Bit tn chng trnh do ngi lp trnh t ra, tn phi tun theo cc quy tc ca NNLT. Tn khng c trng vi t kho. - Rn luyn cho hc sinh thi hc tp nghim tc, yu thch mn lp trnh. B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: SGK, gio n, ti liu tham kho - Hc sinh: SGK, hc bi c, chun b bi mi, dng hc tp. C/ Tin trnh dy hc: I/ n nh lp: (1 pht) - n nh lp hc - Kim tra s lng hc sinh II/ Kim tra bi c: (4 pht) Cu 1: C s to ra ngn ng dnh cho my tnh l g? Ngn ng lp trnh l g? Cu 2: Chng trnh dch l g? V sao phi cn c chng trnh dch? III/ Bi mi: (35 pht Hot ng ca thy v tr * Hot ng 1: Tm hiu v d v chng trnh (7 pht) - GV: V d minh ha mt chng trnh n gin c vit bng ngn ng lp trnh Pascal. Program CT_dau_tien; Begin Writeln(Chao cac ban); readln End. - HS: Hc sinh ch lng nghe => ghi nh kin thc. - GV: Chng trnh gm bao nhiu cu lnh? - HS: Chng trnh gm c 5 cu lnh. Mi lnh gm cc cm t khc nhau c to thnh t cc ch ci. - GV: Theo em khi chng trnh c dch sang m ca my th my tnh s cho ra kt qu g? - HS: Tr li theo hiu - GV: Nhn xt cu tr li. Sau khi tinT T Nhin

Ni dung 1. V d v chng trnh: - V d chng trnh n gin c vit bng ngn ng lp trnh Pascal: Program CT_dau_tien; Begin Writeln(Chao cac ban); readln End.

- Sau khi chy chng trnh ny th my tnh s in ra mn hnh dng ch Chao cac ban.


Trng THCS Bnh in hnh dch v chy chng trnh trn s in ra mn hnh dng ch chao cac ban - HS: ch theo di * Hot ng 2: Tm hiu ngn ng lp trnh gm nhng g (13 pht) - GV: Da vo chng trnh trn, em hy cho bit chng trnh gm nhng g? - HS: Gm cc cu lnh, cc k t - GV: Cu lnh c vit t nhng k t nht nh. K t ny to thnh bng ch ci ca ngn ng lp trnh. - HS: Theo di - GV: Bng ch ci ca ngn ng lp trnh gm nhng g? - HS: Bng ch ci ca ngn ng lp trnh bao gm cc ch ci ting Anh v mt s k hiu khc nh cc php ton, cc du cu, ... - GV: Vy ngn ng lp trnh gm nhng g? - Hs tr li theo hiu. - GV: Mi cu lnh trong chng trnh gm cc k t v k hiu c vit theo mt quy tc nht nh. - Hc sinh ch lng nghe. - Nu cu lnh b vit sai quy tc, chng trnh dch s a ra thng bo li. * Hot ng 3: Tm hiu t kho v tn ca chng trnh (15 pht) - GV: Cc t nh: Program, Uses, Begin gi l cc t kho. - HS: Ch theo di - GV: Vy t kha l nhng t nh th no? - HS: tr li theo hiu - GV: T kho l t dnh ring ca ngn ng lp trnh. - GV: a ra v d ca mt s t kho v mc ch s dng ca n trong chng trnh. - HS: Hc sinh ch lng nghe => ghi nh kin thc. - GV: Ngoi t kho, chng trnh cn c tn ca chng trnh. - GV: Trong v d m u, tn chng trnh nh CT_dau_tien. Vy tn do ai t - HS: Tn do ngi lp trnh tT T Nhin

Gio n Tin hc 8

2. Ngn ng lp trnh gm nhng g?

- Ngn ng lp trnh gm bng ch ci v cc quy tc vit cc cu lnh c ngha xc nh, cch b tr cc cu lnh, ... sao cho c th to thnh mt chng trnh hon chnh v thc hin c trn my tnh. - Bng ch ci ca ngn ng lp trnh bao gm cc ch ci ting Anh v mt s k hiu khc nh cc php ton, cc du cu, ...

3. T kho v tn: - T kho ca mt ngn ng lp trnh l nhng t dnh ring. + Khng c dng cc t kha cho bt k mc ch no khc. + Mt s t kho (trong NNLT Pascal): program (khai bo tn chng trnh), var (khai bo bin), uses (khai bo th vin), begin-end (bt u v kt thc chng trnh), ... - Tn c dng phn bit cc i lng trong chng trnh v do ngi lp trnh t theo quy tc lp trnh: + Tn khng c trng vi t kho + Tn khng bt u bng k t s + Tn khng c cha k t trng + Tn khng cha cc k t c bit. + Tn khc nhau tng ng vi nhng i lng khc nhau.


Trng THCS Bnh in - GV: t tn chng trnh phi tun theo nhng quy tc no? - HS: Nghin cu SGK tr li - Gii thch cc quy tc t tn ca NNLT

Gio n Tin hc 8

IV. Cng c v dn d: (5pht) - Hs nhc li cc thnh phn ca NNLT - Phn bit t kho v tn - Nhc li quy tc t tn ca NNLT - Hng dn v nh: hc bi c, tr li cc cu hi 1,2, 3/13/ SGK, xem trc phn 4, 5 ca bi. V. B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim: ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................--------------------------------

----------------------------------

T T Nhin




Bi 2: LM QUEN VI CHNG TRNH V NGN NG LP TRNH (tt)A/ Mc tiu: - Bit cu trc chung ca chng trnh gm 2 phn: Phn khai bo v phn tn - Nhn bit mt s t kho v cu trc chung ca chng trnh Pascal. - Lm quen vi mi trng lp trnh Turbo Pascal. B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: Gio n, SGK, ti liu tham kho, phiu hc tp, phng my - Hc sinh: Hc bi c, chun b bi mi, dng c hc tp C/ Tin trnh dy hc: I/ n nh lp hc: (1 pht) II/ Kim tra bi c: (4 pht) Cu 1: NNLT gm nhng g? Bng ch ci ca NNLT gm nhng g? Cu 2: Phn bit s khc nhau gia t kho v tn? Nu qui tc t tn ca NNLT? III/ Bi mi: (35 pht) Hot ng ca thy v tr * Hot ng 1: Tm hiu cu trc chung ca chng trnh (20 pht) - GV: Cu trc chung ca chng trnh gm: + Phn khai bo: bt buc phi c + Phn thn chng trnh: gm cc cu lnh m my tnh cn phi thc hin. - Hc sinh ch lng nghe => ghi nh kin thc. - GV: Tit trc ta bit mt s khai bo. Vy phn khai bo gm nhng khai bo no? - HS: Khai bo tn chng trnh, khai bo th vin, khai bo bin, khai bo hng - GV: Phn thn bt u t u trong chng trnh m u? - HS: Bt u t t kho begin v kt thc bi t kho end. Ni dung 4. Cu trc ca chng trnh Pascal: - Cu trc chung ca chng trnh gm: + Phn khai bo: c th c hoc khng. Phn khai bo t trc phn thn + Khai bo tn chng trnh, khai bo th vin, khai bo bin, khai bo hng, ... * Phn thn chng trnh: bt buc phi c, gm cc cu lnh m my tnh cn phi thc hin bt u bi t kho begin v kt thc bi t kho end..

- GV: Yu cu HS xc nh cc thnh phn trong v d m u? - HS: Tr li cu hi. - GV: nhn xt v b sung - HS: Theo di v ghi chp. 5. V d v ngn ng lp trnh:T T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in * Hot ng 2: Tm hiu v d v ngn ng lp trnh (15 pht) - GV: Khi ng my tnh, khi ng phn mm Netop School v Turbo Pascal 7.0, Gio vin gii thiu v ngn ng lp trnh Pascal. - HS: Quan st, theo di v ghi nh cc thao tc lm vic vi Turbo Pascal. - GV: Gii thiu cc bc c bn HS lm quen vi mi trng lp trnh. - HS: lng nghe v ghi nh - GV: Son tho chng trnh v d m u, chy chng trnh cho HS quan st. - HS: theo di v ghi chp

Gio n Tin hc 8 - Mn hnh lm vic ca Turbo Pascal:

1, Khi ng chng trnh TP 2, Mn hnh TP xut hin 3, Son tho chng trnh vit bng NNLt Pascal 4, Sau khi son tho xong nhn Alt+F9 (Hoc vo CompileCompile) dch chng trnh. Tin hnh sa li sai nu co 5, chy chng trnh nhn t hp phm Ctrl+F9 (Hoc vo RunRun), quan st kt qu thu c 6, Nhn F2 lu chng trnh Hoc vo FileSave

IV. Cng c v dn d: (5 pht) - Nhc li cu trc ca chng trnh Pascal - Bi tp vn dng: (Phiu hc tp) Cu 1: Trong cc tn sau y, tn no l khng hp l trong ngn ng Pascal? A. a; E) beginprogram B) Tamgiac F) end; C) 8a; G) b1; D) Tam giac H) abc Cu 2: Cc chng trnh sau c hp l khng? V sao? a/ Begin end. b/ Begin Program CT_thu; Writeln(chao cac ban); End. - Dn d: Hc bi c, Lm cc bi tp trong sch bi tp, xem trc bi th hnh 1. V. B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim: ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

T T Nhin


Trng THCS Bnh in--------------------------------

Gio n Tin hc 8

---------------------------------Ngy ging: 30 / 08 / 2011

Tun 3

Tit 5

Ngy son: 27 / 08 / 2011

BI THC HNH 1: LM QUEN VI TURBO PASCALA/ Mc tiu: - Kin thc: + Thc hin cc thao tc khi ng/kt thc TP, lm quen vi mn hnh son tho TP. + Thc hin c cc thao tc m bng chn v chn lnh. + Son tho mt chng trnh Pascal n gin. - K nng: + Bit son tho mt chng trnh Turbo Pascal n gin. + Bit chy mt chng trnh c th trong mi trng lp trnh Turbo Pascal. B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: Gio n, SGK, phng my ci t Turbo Pascal - Hoc sinh: Hc bi c, chun b bi mi, dng c hc tp C/ Tin trnh dy hc: I/ n nh lp: (2 pht) - Cho HS xp hng vo phng my theo ng s qui nh - Kim tra s lng HS II/ Kim tra bi c: (3 pht) Hy cho bit cc thnh phn chnh trong cu trc ca chng trnh? Phn khai bo khng c c khng? III/ Bi mi: (35 pht) Hot ng ca thy vt tr + Hot ng 1: Lm quen vi vic khi ng v thot khi Turbo Pascal (15 pht) - GV: Yu cu HS khi ng my, khi ng Phn mm Netop School, Phn mm Turbo Pascal - HS: Khi ng my tnh ? GV: Nu cch khi ng Turbo Pascal. - HS: Nhy p vo biu tng Turbo Pascal trn mn hnh nn - GV: C th khi ng bng cch nhy p chut vo tn tp Turbo.exe trong th mc cha tp ny. - GV: Nu cch thot khi chng trnh Pascal. - HS: Chn Menu File Exit. - GV: Ta c th s dng t hp phm Alt + X thot khi Turbo Pascal - HS: Ch quan st - GV: Gii thiu thanh bng chn v cc lnhT T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Ni dung 1. Lm quen vi vic khi ng v thot khi Turbo Pascal.: - Khi ng Turbo Pascal bng mt trong hai cch: + Cch 1: Nhy p chut trn biu tng trn mn hnh nn; + Cch 2: Nhy p chut trn tn tp Turbo.exe trong th mc cha tp ny (thng l th mc con TP\BIN). - Nhn t hp phm Alt+X thot khi Turbo Pascal.

Trng THCS Bnh in cn dng trong qu trnh vit chng trnh HS theo di. - HS: di chuyn qua li gia cc bng chn, ta s dng phm mi tn sang tri v sang phi. + Hot ng 2: Nhn bit cc thnh phn: thanh bng chn, tn tp ang m, con tr, dng tr gip pha di mn hnh ( 12 pht) - GV: Nhn phm F10 m bng chn. di chuyn qua li gia cc bng chn ta s dng phm no? - HS: Nhn phm F10 m bng chn, s dng cc phm mi tn sang tri v sang phi ( v ) di chuyn qua li gia cc bng chn - GV: Nhn phm Enter m mt bng chn - GV: Quan st cc lnh trong tng bng chn. - HS: ch quan st + Hot ng 3: Son tho chng trnh sau: dch v chy chng trnh, quan st kt qu (8 pht) - GV: Chnh sa chng trnh v nhn bit mt s li. - HS: G chng trnh, dch, chy v sa li nu c.

Gio n Tin hc 8

2. Nhn bit cc thnh phn: thanh bng chn, tn tp ang m, con tr, dng tr gip pha di mn hnh:

3. Son tho, lu, dch v chy mt chng trnh n gin: program CT_Dau_tien; uses crt; begin clrscr; writeln('Chao cac ban'); write('Toi la Turbo Pascal'); end. - Nhn t hp phm Alt+F9 dch chng trnh - Nhn t hp phm Ctrl+F9 chy chng trnh. - Sau nhn Alt+F5 quan st kt qu.

IV. Nhn xt v dn d: (5 pht) - Gio vin nhn xt v nh gi tit thc hnh. - Yu cu HS chun b cho tit thc hnh sau VI. B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim: ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................T T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in--------------------------------

Gio n Tin hc 8

----------------------------------

T T Nhin




BI THC HNH 1: LM QUEN VI TURBO PASCAL (tt)A/ Mc tiu: - Bit cch dch, sa li trong chng trnh, chy chng trnh v xem kt qu - Bit s cn thit phi tun th qui nh ca NNLT B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: Gio n, SGK, phng my ci t Turbo Pascal - Hoc sinh: Hc bi c, chun b bi mi, dng c hc tp C/ Tin trnh dy hc: I/ n nh lp hc: (2 pht) II/ Kim tra bi c: B qua) II/ Thc hnh: (38 pht) Hot ng ca thy v tr Ni dung * Hot ng 1: Khi ng chng trnh Son tho chng trnh n gin. TP v Son tho chng trnh n gin (20 pht) * Son tho chng trnh n gin. - GV: Yu cu HS khi ng my, khi Program CT_dau_tien; ng phn mm Netop school, phn Uses CRT; mm Turbo Pascal Begin - HS: Khi ng my Clrscr; - GV: Yu cu HS son tho chng Writeln(chao cac ban); trnh trong SGK Writeln( Toi la Turbo Pascal); - Hc sinh son tho chng trnh trn End. my tnh theo hng dn ca gio vin. - GV: Nhn phm F2 hoc lnh File => - Xo i phn khai bo Save lu chng trnh. - Xa i t kho begin - GV: Tin hnh dch chng trnh v - Xo cc du nhy n , xo du . sau sa li (nu c) chy chng trnh t kho end. - HS: thc hin theo hng dn. Nhn phm Alt+F9 dch chng trnh. + Hot ng 2: Dch v chy mt chng trnh n gin (18 pht) - GV: Yu cu HS xo phn khai bo trong chng trnh va son tho. - HS: Thc hin theo yu cu ca gio vin - GV: Tin hnh dch v chy chng trnh. So snh vi kt qu ban u - HS: Nhn phm Alt+F9 dch chng trnh, chy chng trnh v so snh vi kt qu ban u - GV: Tin hnh tng t vi vic xo t kho begin, xo du nhy n, xo du chm sau t kho end, xo du ; sauT T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in

Gio n Tin hc 8

dng lnh th 5. - HS: thc hin theo yu cu - GV: Kim tra v sa li chng trnh: Li 200: do trong my tnh khng c h tr cc khai bo th vin, khc phc li 200 bng cch xo dng lnh th 2 v th 4. - HS: Thc hnh v lng nghe cc li thng gp v tm cch sa li. - GV: Theo di qua trnh thc hnh ca hc sinh v hng dn cch sa li. IV/ Nhn xt v dn d: (5 pht) - Gio vin nhn xt v nh gi tit thc hnh, nu ra nhng sai st m HS thng gp trong qu trnh thc hnh v cch khc phc. - Yu cu HS chun b bi mi - Nht rc, xp gh lai, v sinh phng my trc khi ri khi phng. V/ B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim: .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................................

-------------------------------- ---------------------------------T T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung



Bi 3: CHNG TRNH MY TNH V D LIU (Tit 1)A/ Mc tiu: - Bit khi nim kiu d liu - Bit NNLT thng chia d liu cn x l thnh cc kiu d liu khc nhau, kiu d liu no th c cc php ton tng ng vi cac kiu d liu . - Bit cc kiu d liu thng dng v phm vi gi tr ca n. - Bit cc php ton c bn vi d liu kiu s. B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: Gio n, bng ph, SGK, ti liu tham kho. - HS: Hc bi c, chun b bi mi, SGK, dng c hc tp C/ Hot ng dy hc: I/ n nh lp: (1 pht) II/ Kim tra bi c: S kim tra trong tit hc III/ Bi mi: (39 pht) Hot ng ca thy v tr * Hot ng 1: Tm hiu d liu v kiu d liu (19 pht) - GV: qun l v tng hiu qu x l, cc ngn ng lp trnh thng phn chia d liu thnh thnh cc kiu khc nhau. - HS: Hc sinh ch lng nghe => ghi nh kin thc. - GV: V d thng tin a vo my tnh nh bng im. Em thng thy c cc kiu d liu no trong bng im? - HS: D liu kiu s v d liu kiu ch. ? GV: Cc kiu d liu thng c x l nh th no. - HS: Cc kiu d liu thng c x l theo nhiu cch khc nhau. - GV: Cc ngn ng lp trnh nh ngha sn mt s kiu d liu c bn. - GV: Mt s kiu d liu thng dng: * S nguyn. * S thc. * Xu k t - Hc sinh ch lng nghe - GV: Em hy cho v d ng vi tng kiu d liu? - HS: S thc: Chiu cao ca bn Bnh, im trung bnh mn ton.T T Nhin

Ni dung 1. D liu v kiu d liu: - qun l v tng hiu qu x l, cc ngn ng lp trnh thng phn chia d liu thnh thnh cc kiu khc nhau.

- Cc kiu d liu khc nhau c x l theo cc cch khc nhau - Mt s kiu d liu thng dng: + S nguyn. + S thc. + Xu k t

- V d: Bng 1/21/SGK lit k mt s kiu d liu v phm vi gi tr ca nGio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in Xu k t: chao cac ban - GV: Cc kiu d liu v tn kiu d liu trong cc NNLT khc nhau th khc nhau - HS: theo di v ghi nh kin thc. * Hot ng 2: Tm hiu cc php ton vi d liu kiu s (17 pht) - GV: Trong ton hc em hc nhng php ton g? - HS: Cng, tr, nhn, chia, .... - GV: Tng t, NNLT cng s dng cc php ton: cng, tr, nhn, chia nh trong ton vi cc kiu d liu s. - HS: Hc sinh ch lng nghe => ghi nh kin thc. - GV: Php DIV : Php chia ly phn d. Php MOD: Php chia ly phn nguyn. - HS: lng nghe v ghi nh kin thc - GV: a ra mt s v d v php div v php mod, yu cu hs phn thnh 4 nhm thc hin. - HS: Phn nhm, tho lun nhm v a ra kt qu. - GV: Nhn xt cu tr li. - GV: Yu cu hc sinh nu quy tc tnh cc biu thc s hc trong ton hc. - Hc sinh nh li a ra quy tc tnh cc biu thc s hc - GV: Tng t, trong Pascal cng c cc quy tc tng t. - GV: Yu cu HS nm vng quy tc chuyn biu thc ton hc thnh biu thc bng cc k hiu trong NNLT Pascal - GV: Nhc HS phn bit cch dng k t trong NNLT vit ng cc biu thc. - GV: Nhc HS trong Pascal khng dng cc du [], {} m thay vo l du ngoc trn () - HS: ch theo di v ghi nh kin thc IV/ Cng c v dn d: (8 pht) - Nhc li cc kiu d liu thng dng - Nhc li cc php ton trong NNLT Pascal

Gio n Tin hc 8

2. Cc php ton vi d liu kiu s: K hiu ca cc php ton s hc trong Pascal: +: php cng. - : Php tr * : Php nhn. / : Php chia. Div: php chia ly phn nguyn. Mod: php chia ly phn d. - V d: + 5 mod 2=1; + 5 div 2=2; + 8 mod 2=0; + 3 mod 4=0; - Quy tc tnh cc biu thc s hc: SGK/22 - V d: chuyn biu thc sau thnh biu thc dng cc k hiu trong NNLT Pascal [(x+1)2-(x-2)]*x ((x+1)*(x+1)-(x-2))*x

T T Nhin


Trng THCS Bnh in

Gio n Tin hc 8

- Bi tp vn dng: Cu 1: Thc hin cc php ton sau: a/ 13 mod 4= b/ 22 div 10= b/ 14 mod 3= d/ 34 div 6= e/ 15 div 4= e/ 27 mod 9= Cu 2: Vit li cc biu thc sau bng cch dng cc k hiu trong NNLT Pascal. a/ 5x3+2x2-8x+15; b/ b2-4ac - Dn d: + Hc bi c v lm cc bi tp 1, 2, 3, 4, 5/SGK/26 + Xem trc phn cn li ca bi V/ B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim: .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................................




Bi 3: CHNG TRNH MY TNH V D LIU (tt)A/ Mc tiu: - Bit c cc php ton, php so snh c bn vi d liu s. - Bit c cch dng cc k hiu trong NNLT Pascal vit cc biu thc. - Gip HS yu thch mn lp trnh B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: Gio n, bng ph, SGK, ti liu tham kho. - Hc sinh: hc bi c v chun b bi mi, SGK. C/ Hot ng dy hc: I/ n nh lp: (1 pht) - n nh lp hc - Kim tra s s: 81: ; 82 II/ Kim tra bi c: (4 pht) Vit biu thc ton di y bng cc k hiu trong Pascal. a)1 a (b + 2) 2 x 5

b)

(a +b)2(1+c)3 Ni dung 3. Cc php so snh: - Cc php so snh K hiu Php so snh > + Ln hn >= + Ln hn hoc bng < + B hn 6 Sai + a+b, , ghi nh kin thc. - GV: Bin l mt i lng c gi tr thay - Bin l i lng c t tn dng lu tr i trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh d liu v chng trnh.T T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in ? GV: Bin dng lm g. - HS: Bin c dng lu tr d liu v d liu c bin lu tr c th thay i trong khi thc hin chng trnh. - GV: Gii thch r hn v bin - GV: a v d minh ho, Vi x, y l cc bin. - HS: Hc sinh ch lng nghe => ghi nh kin thc. * Hot ng 2: Tm hiu cch khai bo bin (9 pht) - GV: Vic xc nh a ch ca bin cng tng t nh a ch nh ca chng ta. - GV: Trong thc t, sau khi cc em xy nh xong cng cn n phng xin ng k s nh. - HS: Ch theo di - GV: Tt c cc bin dng trong chng trnh u phi c khai bo ngay trong phn khai bo ca chng trnh. - GV: Vic khai bo bin gm: + Khai bo tn bin + Khai bo kiu d liu ca bin. - HS: theo di ghi nh kin thc - GV: a ra cch khi bo bin trong NNLT Pascal. Gii thch cc thnh phn trong khai bo - GV: Cho v d, yu cu HS xc nh cc thnh phn trong khai bo ? + Var ? HS: Var l t kho ca ngn ng lp trnh dng khai bo bin. + M,n ? HS: m,n: l bin c kiu s nguyn. + S, dientich ? HS: S, dientich: l cc bin c kiu s thc. + Thongbao ? HS: thongbao: l bin kiu xu - GV: Tn bin phi tun theo qui tc t tn ca NNLT - GV: Tu theo ngn ng lp trnh, c php khai bo bin c th khc nhau.

Gio n Tin hc 8 - Bin l mt i lng c gi tr thay i trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh

- V d: Write (x,y); 2. Khai bo bin - Vic khai bo bin gm: + Khai bo tn bin + Khai bo kiu d liu ca bin.

- Tu theo ngn ng lp trnh, c php khai bo bin c th khc nhau. - C php khai bo bin trong NNLT Pascal: Var :; - V d: Var m,n: Integer; S, dientich: real; Thongbao: String;

IV/ Cng c v dn d: (5 pht) - Yu cu HS nhc li khi nim ca bin v t im ca bin - Nhc li cch khai bo binT T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in - V nh hc bi c v xem trc phn cn li ca bi.

Gio n Tin hc 8

T T Nhin


Trng THCS Bnh in V/ B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim:

Gio n Tin hc 8

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T T Nhin




Bi 4: S DNG BIN TRONG CHNG TRNH (tt)A. Mc tiu: 1. Kin thc: - Bit c cch s dng bin trong chng trnh Pascal - Bit c khi nim hng trong ngn ng lp trnh 2. K nng: - Rn luyn k nng s dng bin v hng trong chng trnh. 3. Thi : - Thi hc tp nghim tc, yu thch b mn. B. Chun b: GV: SGK, SGV, ti liu, gio n, bi ging in t, bng ph. HS: Hc bi c, chun b bi mi, Sch gio khoa, dng hc tp. C. Tin trnh ln lp: I. n nh lp: (1 pht) - n nh lp hc - Bo co s s II. Kim tra bi c: (3 pht) Bin l g? Vit c php khai bo bin trong NNLT Pascal? Bin l i lng c t tn dng lu tr d liu. Gi tr ca bin c th thay i trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh. Var : ; III. Bi mi: t vn : (1 pht) Trong mt chng trnh, sau khi khai bo xong th bin cha c gi tr, mun bin c gi tr th ta phi gn gi tr cho n. Khi bin c nhn mt gi tr no , ta c th thc hin c cc thao tc tnh ton vi bin . Mun bit cch gn gi tr v vic s dng bin trong chng trnh nh th no, ta s tm hiu qua bi hc hm nay. Hot ng ca thy v tr Ni dung ghi bng * Hot ng 1: (15 pht) 3. S dng bin trong chng trnh: Tm hiu cch s dng bin trong chng trnh - GV: Sau khi khai bo, ta c th s Cc thao tc c th thc hin vi bin l: dng bin trong chng trnh. Trnh - Gn gi tr cho bin chiu cc thao tc c th thc hin vi - Tnh ton vi gi tr ca bin. bin. - Hc sinh ch theo di v ghi nh kin thc. - GV: Vy cu lnh gn gi tr trong cc ngn ng lp trnh thng c dng nh th no? - GV: Trnh chiu cu lnh gn trong - Tn bin Biu thc cn gn gi tr cho NNLT v mt s v d v lnh gn, gii bin;T T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

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Trng THCS Bnh in thch r cc v d . - GV: Theo em, kiu d liu ca gi tr gn cho bin phi nh th no vi bin? - HS: Phi cng kiu d liu. - GV: Gi tr ca bin s nh th no trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh? - HS: Gi tr ca bin c th thay i - GV: Gii thch r. - GV: Mi NNLT c k kiu ca cu lnh gn l khc nhau, a ra c php cu lnh gn trong NNLT Pascal. - GV: Vic gn gi tr cho bin trong NNLT pascal c th thc hin bng php gn , cng c th thc hin bng cu lnh nhp gi tr t bn phm. - GV: Ta c th thc hin cc php ton vi bin ging nh i vi cc kiu d liu ca bin. - GV: Hy nu ngha ca cc cu lnh sau: + x:=12; HS: Gn gi tr s 12 vo bin nh x + x:=y; HS: Gn gi tr lu trong bin nh y vo bin nh x + x:=(a+b)/2; HS: Thc hin php ton tnh trung bnh cng hai gi tr nm trong hai bin nh a v b. Kt qu gn vo bin nh x. + x:=x+1; HS: Tng gi tr ca bin nh X ln mt n v. Kt qu gn tr li vo bin x. - GV: gii thch r - HS: Hc sinh ch theo di v ghi nh kin thc. * Hot ng 2: (10 pht) Tm hiu hng v cch s dng hng trong chng trnh - GV: Bin l cng c chnh lu tr d liu. Ngoi ra, cc ngn ng lp trnh cn c cng c lu tr d liu khc l hng. - GV: Trnh chiu khi nim hng v cch khai bo hng trong NNLT Pascal - HS: ch theo di v ghi nh. - GV: Tn hng tun theo quy tc t tnT T Nhin

Gio n Tin hc 8

- Trong NNLT Pascal, php gn c k hiu bng du := - V d: x:=12; x:=y; x:=(a+b)/2; x:=x+1; + Vic gn gi tr cho bin trong NNLT Pascal cng c th thc hin bi lnh nhp t bn phm: Readln(Tn bin); Hoc Read(Tn bin); - Lu khi s dng bin: + Bin phi c khai bo + Kiu d liu ca gi tr gn cho bin phi trng vi kiu d liu ca bin + Khi gn gi tr mi, gi tr c ca bin s b xo i. 4. Hng:

- Hng l i lng c t tn dng lu tr d liu, hng c gi tr khng thay i trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh.


Trng THCS Bnh in ca NNLT - GV: Trnh chiu v d v khai bo hng: Const pi = 3.14; Bankinh = 2; Trong : - GV: Const ? - HS: Const l t kho khai bo hng - GV: pi, bankinh ? - HS: pi, bankinh: l cc hng c gn gi tr tng ng l 3.14 v 2. - GV: Lu rng khng c dng lnh thay i gi tr ca hng trong chng trnh nh i vi bin. Cc hng phi c khai bo tn v gn gi tr ngay khi khai bo * Hot ng 3: Hot ng nhm (10 pht). - GV: Chia lp thnh 4 nhm - HS: Cc nhm tho lun trong 4 pht, i din nhm ln trnh by, cc nhm khc theo di v sa sai (nu c) - Nhm 1: So snh s ging nhau v khc nhau gia bin v hng. Vi khai bo hng v d trn, cu lnh sau c hp l khng? Ti sao? Pi:=Pi+2; - Nhm 2: Tm li sai trong cc khai bo sau 1/ Var a:=5; 2/ Const ten lop= 8/1; 3/ Var x,y:integer,real; 4/ Const R:=2; pi:=3.14; - Nhm 3: Ta c a, b l 2 bin thuc kiu s nguyn s l bin thuc kiu xu k t Php gn no sau khng hp l, v sao? 1/ a:=s; 2/ s:=abc; 3/ a= a mod b; 4/ s:= 123; - Nhm 4: Cho a, b l 2 bin thuc kiu s nguyn, r l bin thuc kiu s thc, s l bin thuc kiu xu k t. Hy vit khai bo cho cc bin trn - GV: Trnh chiu p n ca cc nhm.

Gio n Tin hc 8 - C php khai bo hng trong NNLT Pascal: Const :=; - V d: + Const pi=3.14; Bankinh=2;

* Bi tp cng c: - Nhm 1: gi tr ca bin c th thay i trong sut qu trnh thc hin chng trnh cn gi tr ca hng khng thay i trong sut qu trnh thc hin chng trnh + Cu lnh khng hp l v khng th thay i gi tr ca hng - Nhm 2: 1/ Khng c du = trong khai bo bin 2/ Tn hng khng c cha k t trng 3/ x v y thuc 2 kiu d liu khc nhau nn khng c gp trong phn khai bo 4/ Khai bo hng khng cha du : - Nhm 3: 1/ Khng hp l v a v s thuc 2 kiu d liu khc nhau 2/ Gi tr ca xu phi t trong du nhy n 3/ Phi c du : sau bin a trong cu lnh gn 4/ Hp l - Nhm 4: Var a,b: integer; r: real; s: string;

T T Nhin


Trng THCS Bnh in

Gio n Tin hc 8

IV. Cng c v hng dn v nh: (5 pht) * Cng c: - Yu cu HS nhc li khi nim bin v hng - Nhc li cch khai bo bin v hng * Hng dn v nh: - Yu cu HS hc bi c, chun b ni dung cho bi thc hnh s 3. - Lm cc bi tp 1, 3, 4, 5, 6/SGK/Trang 33 (C hng dn) V. B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim:.......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... --------------------------------

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T T Nhin




BI THC HNH 3: KHAI BO V S DNG BINA/ Mc tiu: - Kin thc: + Thc hin c khai bo ng c php, la cho c kiu d liu ph hp cho bin. + Kt hp c gia lnh Write, Writeln vi Read, Readln thc hin vic nhp d liu cho bin t bn phm. + Hiu v cc kiu d liu chun: Kiu s nguyn, kiu s thc; + S dng c lnh gn gi tr cho bin. + Hiu cch khai bo v s dng hng. + Hiu v thc hin c vic tro i gi tr ca hai bin. - K nng: Vit c chng trnh n gin, khai bo ng bin, s dng ng cu lnh vo/ ra nhp thng tin t bn phm hoc a thng tin ra mn hnh. B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: Phn mm Pascal, my tnh, gio n, SGK. - Hc sinh: hc bi c v chun b bi mi, SGK C/ Hot ng dy hc: I. n nh lp: (1 pht) - n nh lp hc, yu cu HS ngi theo ng s phng my - Bo co s s 8/1:...................; 8/2:................. II. Kim tra bi c: (4 pht) Cu hi p n - Hy phn bit s khc nhau - Bin v hng u l i lng c t tn dng lu gia bin v hng? tr d liu v chng trnh. Gi tr ca bin c th thay i trong sut qu trnh thc hin chng trnh Gi tr ca hng khng thay i trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh. - Vit c php khai bo bin v - Khai bo bin: c php khai bo hng? Var :; - Khai bo hng: Const =; III. Bi mi: (35 pht) Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh * Hot ng 1: GV nu yu mc ch, yu cu ca tit thc hnh. - HS lng nghe Bc u lm quen cch khai bo v s dng bin trong chng trnh. * Hot ng 2: Tm hiu cc kiu d liu trong Pascal v cch khai bo bin vi cc kiu d liu. - Gii thiu cc kiu d liu trong bng v yu cu - HS ln thc hin in phm vi gi HS ln bng ghi phm vi gi tr tr vo bng. - Nhn xt cu tr li ca HST T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in Tn kiu d liu Byte Integer Real Char String

Gio n Tin hc 8

Phm vi gi tr Cc s nguyn t 0 -> 255 Cc s nguyn t -215 -> 215-1 S thc c gi tr tuyt i trong khong 2,9X10-39 n 1,7 X 1038 v s 0 Cc k t trong bng ch ci Cc dy gm ti a 255 k t - Var : trong : - Danh sch bin l mt hoc nhiu bin v c cch nhau bi du (,). - Kiu d liu l mt trong cc kiu d liu ca Pascal.

- Hy nu c php khai bo bin?

* Hot ng 3: Tm hiu bi tp 1 Vit chng trnh Pascal c khai bo v s dng bin. - Yu cu HS c bi ton SGK HS c bi - Em hy cho bit yu cu ca bi ton? HS tr li - Vit chng trnh Pascal tnh tin thanh ton trong trng hp khch hng ch mua mt mt hng duy nht. - Gv gi : Cng thc cn tnh Tin thanh ton = n gi * s lng+ ph dch v. a) Khi ng Pascal, g chng trnh sau v tm hiu ngha tng cu lnh trong chng trnh HS thc hin trn my Program Tinh_tien; uses crt; Var Soluong: integer; Dongia, thanhtien: Real; Phn khai bo Thongbao: String; const phi = 10000; Begin Clrscr; thongbao:= tong so tien phai thanh toan:; {Nhap don gia va so luong hang} Write (don gia =); Readln(dongia); Write (soluong=); Readln(soluong); thanhtien:= soluong*dongia+phi; Nhp n gi t bn phm {in ra so tien phai tra} nhp s lng t bn phm Writeln(thongbao, thanhtien:10:2); Readln end. In ra thng bo v tinT T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in

Gio n Tin hc 8

- Gii thch cc ch thch t trong du ngoc { } hoc (**) c dng gii thch cu lnh, ca ngi vit chng trnh. Gp du ngoc ny Pascal HS thc hin trn my. b qua, khng dch nhng ni dung bn trong. - GV yu cu HS lu vi tn TINHTIEN.PAS dich v chnh sa cc li g, nu c. IV. Nhn xt v dn d: - Nhn xt tit thc hnh, tuyn dng nhng HS tch cc trong gi hc, ph bnh nhng HS cha tp trung trong gi hc. - a ra cc li m HS thng mc phi trong qu trnh thc hnh v cch khc phc - Yu cu HS xem trc ni dung cn li ca bi thc hnh V. B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim:.......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... --------------------------------

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T T Nhin




BI THC HNH 3: KHAI BO V S DNG BIN (tt)A/ Mc tiu: - Kin thc: + Thc hin c khai bo ng c php, la cho c kiu d liu ph hp cho bin. + Kt hp c gia lnh Write, Writeln vi Read, Readln thc hin vic nhp d liu cho bin t bn phm. + Hiu v cc kiu d liu chun: Kiu s nguyn, kiu s thc; + S dng c lnh gn gi tr cho bin. + Hiu cch khai bo v s dng hng. + Hiu v thc hin c vic tro i gi tr ca hai bin. - K nng: Vit c chng trnh n gin, khai bo ng bin, s dng ng cu lnh vo/ ra nhp thng tin t bn phm hoc a thng tin ra mn hnh. B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: Phn mm pascal, my tnh, gio n, SGK. - Hc sinh: chun b bi mi, SGK C/ Hot ng dy hc: I. n nh lp: (1 pht) - n nh lp hc, yu cu HS ngi theo ng s phng my - Bo co s s 8/1:...................; 8/2:................. II. Kim tra bi c: (b qua) III. Bi mi: (39 pht) Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS * Hot ng 1: Yu cu HS m chng trnh - HS thc hin trn my bng lnh TINHTIEN.PAS File/Open chn tp TINHTIEN.PAS sau chn Open a) Chy chng trnh vi cc b d liu (n gi v - HS thc hin trn my nhy phm s lng) nh sau (1000, 20), (3500, 200), Crtl+ F9 chy chng trnh. (18500,123). - Vi cc b d liu (n gi v s lng) nh sau (1000, 20), KQ = Kim tra tnh ng ca cc kt qu in ra. 30000 (3500, 200), KQ = 710 000 (18500,123), KQ = 2 285 500 - HS thc hin vi b d liu (1, b)Chy chng trnh vi b d liu (1,3500). Quan 3500), KQ =-20536 st kt qu nhn c. - Hy th on xem ti sao chng trnh cho kt qu - Suy ngh v th suy on sai. + Nguyn nhn ca hin tng ny l do trn s. Bin soluong l kiu Integer nn ch cho php cha cc gi tr trong khong -32768 n 32767, gi tr 35000 nm ngoi phm vi.

T T Nhin


Trng THCS Bnh in * Hot ng 2: Tm hiu bi tp 2 - GV yu cu HS g chng trnh nhp cc s nguyn x v y, in gi tr ca x,y ra mn hnh. Sau hon i cc gi tr ca x v y ri in li ra mn hnh gi tr ca x v y. Program hoan_doi; var x,y,z: integer; begin Read(x,y); Writeln(x, ,y); z:=x; x:=y; y:=z; Writeln(x, , y); Readln; End. - Yu cu HS tm hiu cc cu lnh. a) GV yu cu HS chy chng trnh. Do khng c thng bo cho ngi dng v yu cu nhp gi tr tng ng ca 2 bin x, y nn trong bi ny nhp 2 s nguyn cch nhau bi du cch ri n phm Enter v quan st kt qu. - GV yu cu HS nhp 2 s 7 v 8 quan st kt qu nhn c. - GV yu cu HS ci tin chng trnh trn hng dn ngi dng nhp gi tr cho x, y t bn phm. In ra gi tr x, y va c ng dng nhp vo v in ra mn hnh gi tr ca x, y sau khi tro i gi tr. C th tham kho chng trnh TINHTIEN.PAS thc hin vic ny.

Gio n Tin hc 8 - HS thc hin trn my. - Khai bo x, y, z vi kiu d liu nguyn Nhp x, y In ra gi tr x, y - Thc hin vic tro i 2 bin x, y In ra gi tr x, y - HS chy chng trnh Crlt + F9 Nhp 7 8 ; KQ sau khi tro i l 8 7 Chng trnh sau khi chnh sa c th l: Program hoan_doi; var x,y,z: integer; begin Write( nhap gia tri cua x=); Readln(x); Write( nhap gia tri cua y=); Readln(y); Writeln( truoc trao doi gia tri ca x:, x); Writeln( truoc trao doi gia tri ca y:, y); z:=x; x:=y; y:=z; Writeln(sau trao doi gia tri ca x = , x); Writeln(Sau trao doi gia tri ca y = , y) Readln; End.

IV. Nhn xt v dn d: - Nhn xt tit thc hnh, tuyn dng nhng HS tch cc trong gi hc, ph bnh nhng HS cha tp trung trong gi hc. - a ra cc li m HS thng mc phi trong qu trnh thc hnh v cch khc phc - Yu cu HS xem li ni dung cc bi t bi 1 n bi 4 chun b cho tit n tp. V. B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim:.......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... T T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung



N TPA/ Mc tiu: - H thng li kin thc t bi 1 n bi 4. - n li cc khi nim v chng trnh, NNLT, cc khi nim v bin, hng, cch s dng bin v hng trong chng trnh. Cc php ton, cc php so snh trn cc kiu d liu hc. B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: Mt s bi tp, my chiu, my tnh, gio n, SGK, SBT. - Hc snh: n li kin thc t bi 1 n bi 4, SGK, dng hc tp. C/ Hot ng dy hc: I. n nh lp: (1 pht) - n nh lp hc - Kim tra s s: Lp 8/1:............; Lp 8/2:........... II. Kim tra bi c: (S kim tra trong qu trnh n tp) III. n tp: (39 pht) Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca HS * Hot ng 1: Cng c li mt s kin thc hc - NNLT l g? - L ngn ng dng vit chng trnh my tnh - Ngn ng my l g? - Dy bt l c s to ra ngn ng my - Chng trnh my tnh l g? - Chng trnh my tnh l dy cc lnh m my tnh c th hiu v thc hin c. - Ti sao chng ta phi vit chng - V ngn ng my rt phc tp, kh nh, kh trnh bng NNLT? s dng. - Chng trnh dch l g? - Chng trnh dch l chng trnh dng dch NNLT thnh ngn ng my - NNLT gm nhng g? - Gm bng ch ci ca NNLT, cc quy tc vit cc cu lnh, cch b tr cc cu lnh . - Khi nim t kha v tn? - T kha l nhng t dnh ring do NNLT qui nh. Khng c dng t khoa cho mc ch no khc - Nhng lu khi t tn? - Tn do ngi lp trnh t ra v phi tun theo qui tc t tn ca NNLT: + Khng c trng vi t kha + Tn khng c cha k t trng + Tn khng c bt u vi k t s - Cu trc chung ca chng trnh gm - Cu trc chung ca chng trnh gm hai my phn, l nhng phn no? phn: + Phn khai bo c th c hoc khng + Phn thn bt buc phi c. - Hy nu mt s t kha v mc ch - Program: Khai bo tn chng trnhT T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in s dng ca n.

Gio n Tin hc 8

- Var: khai bo bin - Const: khai bo hng - Begin....end: im bt u v kt thc ca chng trnh - Trong Pascal c nhng kiu d liu - Kiu d liu c bn : c bn no? + Interger : S nguyn + Real : S thc +Char : K t + String : Xu k t - Hy nu cc php ton c bn. - Cc php ton c bn : + Cng : + + Tr : + Nhn : * + Chia : / + Chia ly phn nguyn, phn d : Div, mod. - Khi nim bin v hng? - Bin v hng l cc i lng c t tn dng lu tr d liu v chng trnh, gi tr ca bin c th thay i trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh. Gi tr ca hng khng thay i trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh. - Khai bo bin: - Cch khai bo bin v hng Var : ; - Khai bo hng: Const =; - C nhng cch no gn gi tr cho - Dng lnh gn trc tip (:=) bin? - Dng lnh gn t bn phm * Hot ng 2: Vn dng lm mt s bi tp. Dy ch s 2010 c th l d liu kiu d liu - Bi 1: Dy s 2010 c th l d liu s nguyn, s thc hoc kiu xu k t. Tuy kiu no? nhin, chng trnh dch Turbo Pascal hiu 2010 l d liu kiu xu, chng ta phi vit Bi 2. Vit cc biu thc ton hc sau dy s ny trong cp du nhy n ('). y di dng biu thc trong Pascal. a) a/b+c/d;a c + ; b d b) ax 2 + bx + c ; ax 2 + bx + c ;

a)

b) a*x*x+b*x+c ; c) 1/x-a/5*(b+2);

a*x*x+b*x+c

c) (b + 2) ; d)(a*a+b)*(1+c)*(1+c)*(1+c)3

1 x

a 5

d) (a + b)(1 + c) - Yu cu HS lm k cc dng ton chuyn i biu thc - Thc hin cc php ton i vi d liu kiu s - Pht hin cc li sai trong khai bo, cch t tn bin, tn hng trong2

T T Nhin


Trng THCS Bnh in

Gio n Tin hc 8

chng trnh vit bng Turbo Pascal. IV. Dn d: (2 pht) - V nh n li tt c cc kin thc hc, tit sau kim tra 1 tit - Nm vng cc kin thc hc lm cc bi tp vn dng bng trc nghim V. Rt kinh nghim: ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... -------------------------------- ---------------------------------

T T Nhin




LUYN G PHM NHANH VI FINGER BREAK OUTA/ Mc tiu: - Hc sinh hiu cng dng v ngha ca phn mm v c th t khi ng, t m cc bi v chi, n luyn g bn phm. - Thng qua phn mm, HS hiu v rn luyn c k nng g bn phm nhanh v chnh xc. B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: Gio n, SGK, phn mm, my tnh, ti liu tham kho - Hc sinh: hc bi c, chun b bi mi, SGK. C/ Hot ng dy hc: I/ n nh lp: (1 pht) - n nh lp hc - Kim tra s s: 8/1:.............; 8/2:................ II/ Kim tra bi c: (B qua) III/ Bi mi: (39 pht) Hot ng ca thy v tr * Hot ng 1: Gii thiu phn mm (5 pht) - GV: Theo em, mc ch ca vic s dng phn mm ny l g? - HS: Mc ch ca phn mm l luyn g bn phm nhanh v chnh xc. * Hot ng 2: Tm hiu cch khi ng v gii thiu mn hnh chnh ca phn mm (15 pht) - GV: Hy nhc li cc thao tc vi chut? - HS: Di chuyn chut, nhy chut, nhy phi chut, nhy p chut, ko th chut - GV: Vy theo em khi ng phn mm ta dng thao tc no? - HS: Nhy p chut ln biu tng ca Ni dung 1. Gii thiu phn mm: - Mc ch: luyn g phm nhanh v chnh xc. 2. Mn hnh chnh ca phn mm: a) Khi ng phn mm: khi ng phn mm ta nhy p chut ln biu tng

b) Gii thiu mn hnh chnh ca phn phn mm trn mn hnh Desktop. - GV: Trnh chiu v gii thiu mn hnh mm: chnh ca phn mm. - Hnh bn phm v tr trung tm, cc phm thay i mu ng vi cc ngn tay - Khu vc chi pha trn hnh bn phm. - Khung bn phi cha cc lnh v thng tin ca lt chi.

T T Nhin


Trng THCS Bnh in

Gio n Tin hc 8

- HS: Hc sinh ch quan st - GV: Da vo quan st hy nu cc thnh phn trn mn hnh chnh - HS: Cc thnh phn chnh ca phn mm gm: + Hnh bn phm v tr trung tm. + Khu vc chi pha trn hnh bn phm. + Khung bn phi cha cc lnh v thng tin ca lt chi. - GV: Mun thot khi phn mm ta c nhng cch no? c) Thot khi phn mm: - HS: suy ngh v tr li. - Dng: Nhy nt Stop - Thot: + Alt+F4 * Hot ng 3: Tm hiu cch s dng phn + Nhy trn thanh cng c. mm (19 pht) 3. Hng dn s dng: - GV: Yu cu hc sinh nghin cu SGK v a ra cch s dng phn mm. - bt u chi em nhy chut ti nt - HS: HS nghin cu SGK => cch s dng - GV: bt u chi, em nhy vo u? Start ti khung bn phi. - HS: Nghin cu SGK v a ra cu tr li - Nhy nt Space bt u chi khi + HS: bt u chi em nhy chut ti nt sn sng. Start ti khung bn phi. - Nhim v ca ngi chi l phi bn ph + HS: Nhy nt Space bt u chi khi cc c dng sn sng. - iu khin thanh ngang v bn nhng - GV: Hng dn HS cch luyn tp. qu cu nh bng cc phm tng ng. - GV: Nhim v ca ngi chi l lm g? - HS: Nhim v ca ngi chi l phi bn - Khng c qu cu ln chm t ph cc c dng - cc mc kh hn, khng c cc - GV: bn ph cc , ta phi lm g? - HS: iu khin thanh ngang v bn nhng con vt l chm vo thanh qu cu nh bng cc phm tng ng. Khng c qu cu ln chm t - GV: cc mc kh em thng gp chng ngi vt g? - HS: cc mc kh hn, khng c cc con vt l chm vo thanh ngang

T T Nhin


Trng THCS Bnh in

Gio n Tin hc 8

IV/ Cng c v hng dn v nh: (5 pht) - Yu cu HS nhc li cch khi ng v cch luyn tp. - Yu cu HS hc bi c v xem ni dung cn li ca bi hc. V/ B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim:.......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................

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T T Nhin




LUYN G PHM NHANH VI FINGER BREAK OUT(tt)A/ Mc tiu: - Hc sinh hiu cng dng v ngha ca phn mm v c th t khi ng, t m cc bi v chi, n luyn g bn phm. - Thng qua phn mm, HS hiu v rn luyn c k nng g bn phm nhanh v chnh xc. B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: Gio n, SGK, phn mm, my tnh, ti liu tham kho - Hc sinh: hc bi c, chun b bi mi, SGK. C/ Hot ng dy hc: I/ n nh lp: (1 pht) - n nh lp hc, yu cu HS ngi ng s phng my (2 ngi/my) - Kim tra s s: 8/1:.............; 8/2:................ II/ Kim tra bi c: (4 pht) Cu hi p n - Mc ch ca vic s dng - Nhm luyn g phm bng mi ngn tay nhanh v phn mm Finger Break Out? chnh xc. - Hy nhc li cch chi ca - Nhim v ca ngi chi l phi bn ph cc c dng phn mm? + iu khin thanh ngang v bn nhng qu cu nh bng cc phm tng ng. + Khng c qu cu ln chm t + cc mc kh hn, khng c cc con vt l chm vo thanh III/ Bi mi: (39 pht) Hot ng Gio vin Hot ng hc sinh * Hot ng 1: Khi ng phn mm luyn g phm. (5 pht) - Yu cu HS nhc li cch khi ng phn mm? - Nhc li cch khi ng - Yu cu HS tin hnh luyn tp - Cc nhm thc hnh trn my v trao * Hot ng 2: Hc sinh luyn g phm (34 pht) i kinh nghim cho nhau. - Hng dn HS cch luyn tp, theo di qu trnh tp luyn ca HS + Trc mi ln chi hp thoi xut hin cho bit cc phm s c luyn g trong ln chi . nhn phm Space bt u chi khi sn sngT T Nhin Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in

Gio n Tin hc 8

+ Khu vc chi s c cc dng lm thnh khi. Nhim v ca ngi chi bn ph lm cc bin mt khi mn hnh bng cch di chuyn cc qu cu va vo chng. + Nu tt c cc trn ph ht th em s thng trong lt chi ny. + di chuyn cc qu cu, em cn iu khin mt thanh ngang c 3 k t:

- Lng nghe hng dn v thc hnh

+ G cc phm ng vi cc k t bn tri hoc bn phi di chuyn thanh ngang sang tri hoc phi. + G k t gia bn ln qu cu. + Ch : cc ch ci trong thanh ngang ny s - Va theo di va thc hnh thay i mu sau mi ln g phm. Trn mn hnh cn c cc qu cu ln. Em cn ch n cc qu cu ln ny, khng c qu cu ln chm t bng cch dch chuyn thanh ngang sao cho chng va vo thanh ngang ri quay ln. nu qu cu chm t em s mt mt lt chi. Trong khi chi, nu c im cao ngi chi s c thng thm cc qu cu ln. - Cc nhm thc hin trn my. * GV nhn mnh ngha ca tr chi ny l rn luyn k nng g bn phm nhanh, chnh xc. Vic n luyn g bn phm bng 10 ngn l mt cc k nng c bn nht ca mi cng dn trong x hi hin i. * Tr chi c ba mc: Bt u, trung bnh, nng cao. Ch hnh nh bn phm thay i theo cc mc chi. - Mc bt u: Bn phm ghi r ch ci v du ca cc phm xut hin - Mc trung bnh: Ghi r tn ch ci nhng khng nh du phm xut pht. - Mc nng cao: Khng ghi tn ch ci ln hnh nh bn phm. Trong qu trnh chi nu t im cao phn mm s thng cc qu cu ln.

T T Nhin


Trng THCS Bnh in

Gio n Tin hc 8

IV/ Nhn xt tit thc hnh v dn d: (5 pht) - Nhn xt tit thc hnh, tuyn dng nhng HS c thc luyn tp, ph bnh nhng HS cha tch cc trong qu trnh tp luyn - Nu cc li m HS vn cn mc phi - Yu cu HS v nh xem trc bi 5: T bi ton n chng trnhV/ B sung kin thc v rt kinh nghim: .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................




Bi 5: T BI TON N CHNG TRNHA/ Mc tiu: - Bit khi nim thut ton, bi ton. - Bit cc bc gii bi ton trn my tnh - Xc nh c Input, Output ca mt bi ton n gin - Bit chng trnh l th hin cc thut ton trn mt ngn ng c th. B/ Chun b: - Gio vin: Gio n, SGK, ti liu tham kho - Hc sinh: hc bi c, chun b bi mi, SGK, dng hc tp. C/ Hot ng dy hc: I/ n nh lp: (1 pht) - n nh lp hc - Kim tra s s: 8/1:.............; 8/2:................ II/ Kim tra bi c: (B qua) III/ Bi mi: ( 39 pht) Hot ng ca thy v tr * Hot ng 1: Tm hiu khi nim bi ton (14 pht) - GV: Bi ton l khi nim quen thuc ta thng gp nhng mn hc no? - HS: Bi ton l khi nim ta thng gp cc mn nh: ton, vt l, ho hc - GV: Nu mt s v d ri yu cu HS cho v d tng t - HS: Lng nghe ri cho v d V d nh: tnh tng cc s t nhin t 1 n 100, tnh qung ng t i c trong 3 gi vi vn tc 60 km/gi. - GV: Tuy nhin, hng ngy ta thng gp v gii quyt cc cng vic a dng hn nhiu nh lp bng cu chng, lp bng im ca cc bn trong lp - GV: Hc sinh ch lng nghe => ghi nh kin thc. - GV: Vy bi ton l g? - HS: Nh v nhc li khi nim. Bi ton l mt cng vic hay mt nhim v cn phi gii quyt - GV: nhn xt cu tr li - HS: Theo di, ghi nh v ghi chp ni dung * Hot ng 2: Tm hiu cch xc nh bi ton (13 pht) - GV: gii quyt c mt bi ton c th,T T Nhin

Ni dung ghi bng 1. Bi ton v xc nh bi ton: a) Khi nim bi ton: - V d: Bi ton tnh din tch tam gic, Tnh vn tc xe my i c, Tnh khi lng ca mt vt, ...

- Bi ton l mt cng vic hay mt nhim v cn gii quyt

b) Xc nh bi ton: - Xc nh bi ton tc l xc nh r cc iu kin cho trc (input) v kt qu thu c (output).Gio vin: Hong Th Nhung

Trng THCS Bnh in

Gio n Tin hc 8

ngi ta cn xc nh bi ton, tc l xc nh r - V d: (SGK) cc iu kin cho trc v kt qu thu c. - y l bc u tin v rt quan trng trong vic gii mt bi ton. - HS: Hc sinh ch lng nghe => ghi nh kin thc. - GV: i vi bi ton tnh din tch tam gic ta cn xc nh: + iu kin cho trc l g? - HS: iu kin cho trc l di ng cao v mt cnh ca tam gic. - GV: Kt qu thu c l g? - HS: Kt qu thu c l din tch tam gic - i vi bi ton nu mt mn n, iu kin cho trc l gi? Kt qu thu c l g? - HS: iu kin cho trc: Cc thc phm hin c (trng, m, mm, mui, rau). Kt qu thu 2. Qu trnh gii bi ton trn my c: mt mn n. tnh: - HS: Theo di, ghi nh kin thc v ghi chp * Hot ng 3: Tm hiu qu trnh gii bi ton trn my tnh (12 pht) - GV: My tnh khng th t gii cc bi ton, n ch x l, tip nhn, bin i, tnh ton, lu tr v biu din thng tin thnh dng cn thit di s ch dn ca con ngi thng qua cc cu lnh. - GV: Dy cc cu lnh c gi l thut ton - Thut ton l dy hu hn cc thao tc - GV: Vy thut ton l g? cn thc hin gii mt bi ton c th. - HS: Thut ton l cc bc gii mt bi ton cn chng trnh l th hin ca thut ton - GV: Kt qu din t mt thut ton l chng trnh. - GV: Yu cu HS nhc li khi nim chng - Qu trnh gii bi ton trn my tnh trnh gm 3 bc: - HS: Nh v nhc li khi nim + Bc 1: Xc nh bi ton l xc nh - GV: Qu trnh gii bi ton trn my tnh gm input (iu kin cho trc) v output (kt 3 bc. Gii thch r tng bc HS hiu r qu thu c) hn + Bc 2: M t thut ton - HS: ch theo di v ghi nh kin thc + Bc 3: Vit chng trnh - GV: Hy nhc li xc nh bi ton l lm g? - Lu : Mt bi ton c th c nhiu - H

giao an tin 8 hoc ki 1

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