Aerodynamic Shape Design Optimization of

WingletsGianluca MinnellaYuniesky RodriguezJose Ugas

Design, construction and testing of an optimal winglet configuration.

Problem Statement

Dr. George Dulikravich

De-strengthening of tip vortices

Additional positive-traction component

INCREASED FUEL EFFICIENCY

Winglets

INCREASED PAYLOAD CAPABILITIES

Improved load distribution over wing-span

Winglets

Wingtip Fence

Conceptual design: Blended Winglet

Blended Elliptical Winglet

Attainment of modified-desired Cp distribution: CFD

Inverse shape design: MGM Fourier Series Optimization: Particle Swarm Algorithm Removal of interferences: CFD Manufacturing: High p-plastics, Metal-Alloy Testing: Surface p-distribution at varying

angles of attack

Design Procedure

CFD – surface p-distribution

Theory of Flow Separation – flow separation point will be moved toward Trailing Edge

◦ DESIRED PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION

Favorable p-distribution

Inverse Shape Design

Airfoil will be designed specifically for chosen flow.

Only Cp data is needed to generate airfoil.

Fourier Series Adaptation of MGM MGMo Elastic membrane.o Mass-damper-spring

system.

Fourier Adaptationo Faster conversion.o Iterations- until

desired pressure distribution is met.

Inverse Shape Design Animation

Optimization Algorithm• Increase design quality

• Minimize time and computer costs Particle-Swarm

Yi updated from Yi & YS

Xi knows

Yi @ Vi

S = {Xi}

with i=1,2,3…n

Particle-Swarm

Yi is compared to its actual performance and set to a better performance. (7.2)

The general best solution is updated to the position with the best performance within the swarm. (7.3)

Now the particles velocity and position are updated separately for each dimension j. (7.4, 7.5)

Construct a FORTRAN code interconnected to AnSys to obtain OPTIMAL SHAPE

Optimization

Manufacturing 2 Alternatives :

◦ DEEP DRAWN – 2 half shells, Laser Weld, AISI 304

◦ CAST – Metal Alloy, Hi-p plastics

Both alternatives require the commission of molding/casting tools

Surface Pressure Distribution

Flow Separation Point

Testing:

Timeline

Gianlucao Computational Analysiso Manufacturing Joseo Inverse Shape Designo Manufacturing Yunieskyo Optimizationo Manufacturing

Division of Responsibilites

Conclusion Thanks to winglets, aircrafts will be able to:

◦ Consume less fuel◦ Extend range capabilities◦ Reduce takeoff distance◦ Reduce noise emissions◦ Increase payload◦ Increase Aerodynamic efficiency◦ Increase L/D Ratio

Working with 2-D version of Fourier Adaptation, to follow up with 3-D version.