getting to california ____________ - (8/28/63) organized to gain support for proposed civil rights...

____________ - (8/28/63) organized to gain support for proposed civil rights legislation. The highpoint of MLK’s influence and the time of his I Have a Dream speech.

____________ - (11/22/63) national tragedy that LBJ used to gain sympathy and support for civil rights legislation

____________ - nonstop debate in the Senate used to defeat bills by a small number of Senators who oppose a bill

____________ - made segregation in public places illegal as well as private facilities designed to serve the public (restaurants, parks, libraries and theaters)

____________ - (March 1965) location of civil rights marches designed to bring attention to voter discrimination in the South that led to violence displayed on television

____________ - gave the Attorney General the right to send federal examiners to states to make sure there was no discrimination in registering or allowing people to vote

Ch 24 Sec 2: Civil and Voting Rights

Intro 2

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Textbook Assignment (pp.757-760)

1) How did the assassination of John F. Kennedy effect the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

2) What effect did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 have on the issue of segregation?

3) What happened as the marchers in Selma made their way to the Edmund Pettus Bridge, and how did President Lyndon Johnson react?

4) How did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 attempt to end discrimination at polling places?

Sec 2: Challenging Segregation (cont.)

Intro 3


Chapter ObjectivesSection 2: Challenging Segregation

• Evaluate the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

• Summarize the efforts to establish voting rights for African Americans.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964


• After Alabama Governor George Wallace blocked the way for two African Americans to register for college, President Kennedy appeared on national television to announce his civil rights bill.

(pages 757–759)(pages 757–759)



• Martin Luther King, Jr., wanted to pressure Congress to get Kennedy’s civil rights bill through.

(pages 757–759)(pages 757–759)



• On August 28, 1963, he led 200,000 demonstrators of all races to the nation’s capital and staged a peaceful rally.

(pages 757–759)(pages 757–759)



(pages 757–759)(pages 757–759)

• November 22, 1963: The Civil Rights movement loses an ally in President Kennedy when he is killed in Dallas, Texas.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (cont.)


(pages 757–759)(pages 757–759)

• Opponents of the civil rights bill did whatever they could to slow the procedure to pass it.

• The bill could easily pass in the House of Representatives (based on population), but it faced difficulty in the Senate.



(pages 757–759)(pages 757–759)

House of Representatives vote

South Democrats: 7-87 (7%-93%)

South Republicans: 0-10 (0%-100%)

North Democrats: 145-9 (94%-6%)

North Republicans: 138-24 (85%-15%)

TOTAL 291-130

• Senators could speak for as long as they wanted while debating a bill.

• A filibuster occurs when a small group of senators take turns speaking and refuse to stop the debate to allow the bill to be voted on.



(pages 757–759)(pages 757–759)

• Today a filibuster can be stopped if at least three-fifths of the Senate (60 senators) vote for cloture, a motion which cuts off debate and forces a vote.

• In 1960 a cloture had to be two-thirds, or 67 senators.



(pages 757–759)(pages 757–759)

• The minority of senators opposed to the bill could easily prevent it from passing into law.

• After Kennedy’s assassination, President Johnson committed himself to getting Kennedy’s program, including the civil rights bill, through Congress.



(pages 757–759)(pages 757–759)

Senate vote

South Democrats: 1-20 (5%-95%)

South Republicans: 0-1 (0%-100%)

North Democrats: 45-1 (98%-2%)

North Republicans: 27-5 (84%-16%) TOTAL 73-27

• The Civil Rights Act of 1964 gave the federal government broad power to stop racial discrimination in the segregation in public places, to bring lawsuits to end school segregation, and to require employers to end discrimination in the workplace.


(pages 757–759)(pages 757–759)

The Struggle for Voting Rights


• The Civil Rights Act of 1964 did little to guarantee the right to vote.

• Many African American voters were attacked, beaten, and killed.

(pages 759–760)(pages 759–760)

The Struggle for Voting Rights


• Bombs exploded in many African American businesses and churches.

• Martin Luther King, Jr., decided it was time for another protest to protect African American voting rights.

(pages 759–760)(pages 759–760)

• The protest was staged for Selma, Alabama, where African Americans were the majority of the population while only 3 percent were registered to vote.

The Struggle for Voting Rights (cont.)


(pages 759–760)(pages 759–760)

• Their march for freedom began in Selma and headed toward the state capitol in Montgomery.



(pages 759–760)(pages 759–760)

• Sheriff Jim Clark ordered 200 state troopers and deputized citizens to rush the peaceful demonstrators.



(pages 759–760)(pages 759–760)

• The brutal attack became known as Bloody Sunday, and the nation saw the images on television.



(pages 759–760)(pages 759–760)

• On August 3, 1965, the House of Representatives passed the voting bill, with the Senate passing the bill the following day.



(pages 759–760)(pages 759–760)

• The Voting Rights Act of 1965 gave the attorney general the right to send federal examiners to register qualified voters, bypassing the local officials who often refused to register African Americans.



(pages 759–760)(pages 759–760)

• This resulted in 250,000 new African American voters and an increase in African American elected officials in the South.



(pages 759–760)(pages 759–760)



(pages 759–760)(pages 759–760)

Time Notebook 19

of African American adults registered to vote in Mississippi in 1964 before passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965

7%

of African American adults in Mississippi registered to vote in 1969

67%

of white adults registered to vote in 1964, nationwide

70%

of white adults registered to vote nationwide in 1969

90%

Number of days senators filibustered to hold up passage of the Civil Rights Bill in 1964

57

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Time Notebook 20

Hours duration of all-night speech delivered by Senator Robert Byrd before a cloture vote stopped the filibuster

14½

of elementary and high school teachers approve of corporal punishment as a disciplinary measure in 1961

72%

Weekly pay for a clerk/typist in New York in 1965

$80–90

Rent for a two-bedroom apartment at Broadway and 72nd Street on New York City’s Upper West Side in 1965

$200



Chapter Summary 1

End of Section 2

getting to california ____________ - (8/28/63) organized to gain support for proposed civil rights...

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civil rights act

civil rights movement

voting rights act

kennedys civil rights

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voting rights intro

president kennedy