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Let’s try some………….. Today’s weather is:

A. SnowyB. RainyC. Sunny and warmD. Sunny and cold

You would expect to find many normal faults at …

A. A convergent boundary.B. A transform boundary.C. A divergent boundary.D. A passive margin.

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Map-Scale Structures and Contact

Relationships

Reading Ch. 2

Geol342-Structural Geology

Outline• Stratigraphic contacts

– Unconformities• Primary Sedimentary Structures

– Younging direction• Intrusive contacts

– Sills and dikes– Batholiths

• Strike and Dip• Folds

– Anticlines, synclines• Fault Contacts

– Normal, thrust, strikeslip

Stratigraphic SuccessionBasalt Flows- Snake River Plain

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Sedimentary SuccessionNorth Slope, AK Basic Question:

Is the section conformable?

• Is the sedimentary pile continuous?

Unconformities

Disconformity

Angular Unconformity

Angular unconformityDeath Valley

North Slope Basin, AKIs the sedimentary succession

right-side up?

• How can we tell?

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Is the sedimentary succession right-side up?

• How can we tell?

Cross bedded sandstones

Up

Ripples Intrusive Contacts(of igneous rocks)

• Dikes• Sills• Stocks• Batholiths

Coarse-Grained

Fine-Grained

Intrusive Structures

Dikes

Sills

Stock or batholith

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Geologic history of an areaBased on contact relationships

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How old is the dike relative to the surrounding rocks?

A. Younger than Forster City Fm.B. Older than Larson Fm.C. Younger than Larson Fm, but

older than Forster City Fm.D. Older than Granite

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Orientation of a Plane Strike and dip on a map

North

34

38

28

30

Folds

• Syncline – (concave up)

• Anticline– (concave down)

Domes and BasinsTrend and Plunge

• Used for linear features• Trend = Azimuth of a line• Plunge = Inclination of a line

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Plunging Fold

Tren

d

Plunging Folds

Does the arrow point at a syncline or anticline?

A. Syncline

B. Anticline

C. Neither

Sheep Mountain Anticline, WY Fault Contacts

• Normal• Thrust, reverse• Strike-slip

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Thrust Fault

Fault ContactSnake river Decollement

Key concepts• Stratigraphic contacts

– Unconformities– Way up

• Intrusive contacts– Sills, dikes and Batholiths

• Interpreting sequence on events• Strike and Dip of planes• Trend and plunge of lines• Folds

– Anticlines, synclines• Fault Contacts

– Normal, thrust, strike-slip