GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

TO-INFINITIVE, & GERUND --In a sentence, if a verb is used after the main verb, it

can be in 2 different forms: 1. To-infinitive e.g. I want to eat something. (verb) (to-infinitive)

2. Gerund e.g. I like swimming. (verb) (gerund)

GERUNDS Gerund is the –ing form of a verb used as

a noun. To form gerunds, use

the base form + ing

Example : I enjoy learning English

To form negative gerunds, use not + gerund

Example : Not speaking English well is my biggest problem in this country

What is a gerund??

GERUNDVerb + ing = Gerund

work + ing = working

play + ing = playing

study + ing = studying

SPELLING NOTEALWAYS KEEP THE “Y” WHEN ADDING -ING

Gerund’s positions in a sentence

1. Gerunds used as subject of the sentence

Example : Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences.

2. Gerunds used as objects

Example : They do not appreciate my singing.

3. Gerund as object of preposition

Example : He’s excited about playing tennis.

By + gerundExample : You get good grades by studying hard.

(2) GERUND (verbs) stop keep postpone admit consider miss

delay finish mind imagine deny involve fancy regret avoid risk practise enjoy suggest can’t help

-- ‘Gerund’ is usually used after the above verbs.

e.g. Do you mind opening the door? (verb) (gerund) I won’t risk doing this. (verb) (gerund)

Sentence Making:___________________________________________

INFINITIVES Infinitives is to + the simple form of a

verb. To form infinitives use

to + base form of the verb

Example : I want to dance.

To form negative infinitives use

Not + infinitive

Example : He decided not to go to the party.

What is “the infinitive form?

INFINITIVETo + Verb = Infinitive

To + work = to work

To + play = to play

To + study = to study

Infinitive’s positions in a sentence

1. Infinitives in the subject position

Example : To live in the United States is my dream.

2. Infinitive of purpose

Example : I came here in order to learn.

Too + adjective or adverb + infinitive

Example : She is too young to vote.

Adjective or adverb + enough + infinitive

Example : They are old enough to vote.

(1) TO-INFINITIVE (verbs)

Agree offer decide appear forget fail promise tell refuse seem plan attempt

learn hope afford ask threaten want arrange pretend allow tend manage dare

-- ‘To-infinitive’ is usually used after the above verbs

e.g. I agreed to cooperate with them. (verb) (to-infinitive) He wants to buy this computer. (verb) (to-inf)

Sentence Making: _____________________________________________

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