gerontology & geriatrics: research
TRANSCRIPT
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GERONTOLOGY
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WHAT IS GERONTOLOGY?
Gerontology is a Greek word which is a scientific study of old age, the process of ageing and particular problems of old people.
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BIOLOGICAL THEORIES OF AGINGProgrammed Aging theory- genetics and heredity responsible for how an individual ages
Cross-Linkage Theory- deterioration of organs/cells causing decreased mobility
Somatic Mutation Theory- DNA changes result in physical decline
Stress Theory- causes structural & chemical changes thru the lifespan
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PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORIES OF AGING
Disengagement Theory- withdrawn, introspective, self-focused – this is older theory not widely accepted.
Continuity theory- characteristics, values remain constant through life… repeat behaviors that brought success in the past
Activity Theory- satisfaction depends on involvement in new interests /activities or maintenance of high levels of functioning.
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COMMON HEALTH PROBLEMS
Heart disease, cancer, strokePoly-PharmacyAccidents, fallsArthritisChronic illnessElder Abuse
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COGNITIVE CHANGESAbility to perceive and understand one’s worldMild short term memory lossLong term memory remains intactSlower responses and reactions
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GENERAL PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
All systems decline in overall functioningDecreased physiological reservesModified pace & more frequent rest periods
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INTEGUMENTARY CHANGES
Decreased skin elasticity-wrinklingIncreased drynessThickened nailsThinning of hair (baldness)Decreased SQ fat
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MUSCULOSKELETAL CHANGES
Stiff joints & less flexibilityMobility slows & posture stoopsMuscle mass, tone & strength decreaseBone demineralization
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NEUROLOGICAL CHANGES
CNS responds slowerRate of reflex response decreasesSense of balance declinesNight sleep shortensTemp. regulation & pain perception less efficient
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SPECIAL SENSES CHANGESDiminished visionNight blindnessDiminished hearingDecreased taste & smell
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DENTITION CHANGES
Tooth decay continues
Missing teeth or ill fitting dentures effect eating habits
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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Notable changes due to agingGraying of hairWrinkling of skinReduced skin turgorDry scaly skinThinning epidermisThicker nailsAge spots
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ADJUSTING TO CHANGES OF AGING
Rest moreCurtail drivingCane/walker for mobilityDiet/nutritional changesAgeism
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HAVE TO FOLLOW:
NutritionExerciseImmunizationsAnnual PhysicalsMedications
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