german particle verbs and pleonastic prepositions

7/23/2019 German Particle Verbs and Pleonastic Prepositions

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German Particle Verbs and PleonasticPrepositions

Ines Rehbein and Josef van GenabithNCLT, Dublin City University

Third ACL SIGSE !or"sho# on$re#ositions


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%utline

Introdu&tion

Classifi&ation of $arti&le 'erbs (ith $leonasti&$re#ositions

Des&ri#tion of $arti&le 'erbs (ith $leonasti&

$re#ositions in L)G

Con&lusion


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Ger*an T(o+!ay $re#ositions

an, auf, hinter, in, neben, ber, unter, vor, zwischenat, by at, on behind in beside above belo( before bet(een

&an either overn the a&&usative or the dative

&ase deter*ines se*anti& inter#retation

-./ Das Bild hngt [PP an der Wand]. Det picture hang-3Sg [PP on Det wall].

'The picture hangs on the wall.'

static localisation

-0/ Sie hngt das Bild [PP an die Wand]. She hang-3Sg Det picture [PP on Det wall].

'She hangs the picture on the wall.'

directional oveent


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static localisation



directional oveent


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static localisation



directional oveent


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static localisation



directional oveent


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static localisation



directional oveent


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T(o+(ay $re#ositions as 'erb $arti&les

T(o+(ay #re#osition 1 'erb 23 $arti&le 'erb

4ase verb5 !hngen"#$! 'to hang'

$re#osition 1 4ase 'erbauf % hngen !aufhngen"#, &$! on + to hang 'to hang on'

$arti&le in&ludes dire&tional infor*ation

$arti&le &an &hane aru*ent stru&ture of

the base verb


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T(o+(ay $re#ositions as 'erb $arti&les

T(o+(ay #re#osition 1 'erb 23 $arti&le 'erb

4ase verb5 !hngen"#$! 'to hang'

$re#osition 1 4ase 'erbauf % hngen !aufhngen"#, &$! on + to hang 'to hang on'

$arti&le in&ludes dire&tional infor*ation

$arti&le &an &hane aru*ent stru&ture of

the base verb


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$arti&le 'erbs (ith $leonasti& $re#ositions

-./ Sie steigt [PP in das 'uto].She climb-3SG [PP into Det car].

'She gets into the car.'

-0/ Sie steigt ein.She climb-3SG Particle.

'She gets in.'

-6/ Sie steigt [PP in das 'uto] ein.She gets [PP into Det car] Particle.



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'She gets in.'




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'She gets in.'




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The $leonasti& Dire&tional -%lsen, .778/

%lsen -.778/5

$arti&le saturates dire&tional re9uire*ent of the verb

$$ &an be o*itted

!underli&h -.786/5

$arti&le verbs re9uire stereoty#e or &onte:tually iven ob;e&t

%b;e&t is e9ual to internal aru*ent of the $$

%b;e&t &an be re&onstru&ted fro* the &onte:t

ob;e&t &an be o*itted

4ut (hy aren


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%lsen -.778/5


$$ &an be o*itted

!underli&h -.786/5





But wh( aren!t the( alwa(s oitted)


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%lsen -.778/5


$$ &an be o*itted

!underli&h -.786/5





But wh( aren!t the( alwa(s oitted)


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The $leonasti& Dire&tional -&ontin>/

So*e #arti&le verbs allo( for #leonasti& #re#ositionsovernin

a&&usative $$s only -Grou# A/

dative $$s only -Grou# 4/ either a&&usative or dative $$s -Grou# C/

Dire&tionality triers a&&usative $$s

La&" of dire&tional *eanin triers the dative

But wh( can soe *article verbs cobine

with both cases)


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with both cases)


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with both cases)


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Classifi&ation5 %vervie(

Semantic verb classes influencing case assignment:

Grou# A -a&&usative $$s/ -stati&/ 'erbs of Localisation intransitive 'erbs of Motion transitive 'erbs of otion -Transport'erbs/ 'erbs of Perception Change of State'erbs

Grou# 4 -dative $$s/ -stati&/ 'erbs of Localisation intransitive 'erbs of Motion &ausative 'erbs of Position

Grou# C -either a&&> or dat> $$s/ intransitive 'erbs of Motion transitive 'erbs of otion -Transport'erbs/ Inclusioninto an Environ*ent, Institution, Abstra&t Area Effe&ts of Action


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Classifi&ation5 Grou# A -a&&usative/

e>> intransitive 'erbs of otion5

auf den Wagen aufs*ringen on Det.Acc cart Part.jump > transitive 'erbs of otion -Trans#ort 'erbs/5

in die +asse eingieen in Det.Acc cup Part.pour


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Classifi&ation5 Grou# A -a&&usative/

e>> intransitive 'erbs of otion5

auf den Wagen aufs*ringen on Det.Acc cart Part.jump > transitive 'erbs of otion -Trans#ort 'erbs/5

in die +asse eingieen in Det.Acc cup Part.pour


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Classifi&ation5 Grou# 4 -dative/

e>> -stati&/ 'erbs of Localisation:

auf de Brett aufliegen on Det.Dat board Part.lie > &ausative 'erbs of Position

i -aus einuartieren


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Classifi&ation5 Grou# 4 -dative/


auf de Brett aufliegen on Det.Dat board Part.lie > &ausative 'erbs of Position

i -aus einuartieren


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Classifi&ation5 Grou# C -a&&> or dat>/


i /ier eins*erren > transitive 'erbs of otion -Transport'erbs/5 auf der 0eine aufhngen !to han on the

on Det.Dat clothesline Part.hang &lothesline or dat>/


i /ier eins*erren > transitive 'erbs of otion -Transport'erbs/5 auf der 0eine aufhngen !to han on the

on Det.Dat clothesline Part.hang &lothesline/


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Classifi&ation5 otivation

sic1ert in die 2rde ein

soak.3.Sg in Det.Accsoil Part

'soaks into the soil'

sic1ert in der 2rde ein

soak.3.Sg in Det.Dat

soil Part'soaks the soil'


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soak.3.Sg in Det.Datsoil Part

'soaks the soil'

@ underoes a dire&ted*otion durin (hi&h itenters into the reion ofthe referen&e ob;e&t >


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soak.3.Sg in Det.Datsoil Part

'soaks the soil'

@ underoes a dire&ted*otion durin (hi&h itenters into the reion ofthe referen&e ob;e&t >

@ is already lo&ated in thereion of and no( is inthe #ro&ess of soa"in

throuh that reion>


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Le:i&al )un&tional Gra**ar5 Short %vervie(

0 Layers of Re#resentation -*ini*u*/5

Constituent Stru&ture -&+stru&ture/

C)G trees )un&tional Stru&ture -f+stru&ture/

Gra**ati&al fun&tions -sub;e&t, ob;e&t, fo&us, >>>/

non+transfor*ational

synta&ti& #heno*ena are treated lo&ally throuh

s#e&ifi&ation of rules and &onstraints in the le:i&on


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Le:i&al )un&tional Gra**ar5 Short %vervie(

0 Layers of Re#resentation -*ini*u*/5

Constituent Stru&ture -&+stru&ture/

C)G trees )un&tional Stru&ture -f+stru&ture/

Gra**ati&al fun&tions -sub;e&t, ob;e&t, fo&us, >>>/

non+transfor*ational

synta&ti& #heno*ena are treated lo&ally throuh

s#e&ifi&ation of rules and &onstraints in the le:i&on


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L)G5 Short %vervie(

C+stru&ture is deter*ined by $hrase Stru&ture Rules5

-./ S B N$ '$

)un&tional Annotation lin"s &+stru&ture &ateories to&orres#ondin ra**ati&al fun&tions in f+stru&ture5

S B N$ '$-0/ -SU4J/2 2


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L)G5 )or*alisation of $arti&le 'erbs

Le:i&al entry for einfahrento drive inF-4er*an )ran", .77H/

!ahren V- $RED/ 2EIN)AREN- SU4J/, - %4LKDIR/3F- )%R/2& EIN- 'ER4T$E/2$ARTICLE 'ER4>>>

ein PA"T- )%R/2ein


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L)G5 )or*alisation of $re#ositions

Le:i&al entry for aufon, atF -4er*an )ran", .77H/

auf P ad3unct subcategorized b( the verb- $RED/ 2L%C- %4J/3F- $CASE/ 2 L%C- $DET/ 2+>

auf P free ad3unct- $RED/ 2 %4LL%CAL- %4J/3F- R%LE/ 2 L%CAL- %4J AGR CAS G%'/21- %4J AGR CAS %4L /21- $DET/ 2+>


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L)G5 )or*alisation of Grou# C 'erbs

)+stru&ture for sic1ert [PP in die 2rde]'44

ein

soa"s into the soilF


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)+stru&ture for sic1ert [PP in der 2rde]D'+

ein

soa"s into the soilF


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Le:i&al entry for einsic1ernto soa"F

einsic#ern V- $RED/ 2EINSICERN- SU4J/, - %4LKDIR/3F- %4LKDIR5$ART+)%R/ 2 ein- %4LKDIR5%4J5CASE/ 2 acc

A&& $$s only &an fill the %4LKDIR aru*ent 4ut5 the #leonasti& $$ &an be o*itted

Soething has to fill in the arguent5B06D78


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$arti&le ein &an fill the aru*ent #osition

Le:i&al entry for $arti&le ein9

ein Part- $RED/ 2Fin- %4J/3F- $ART+)%R/ 2 ein- $CASE/ 2 DIR- $SE/ 2 1- %4J $RED/ 2 $R%

%b;e&t #osition is not le:i&ally filled - %4J $RED/ 2 $R%

But how can we odel the locative PP

in the dative)


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Le:i&al entry for einsic1ernto soa"F #revents dative $$ to fill inthe %4LKDIR aru*ent5

einsic#ern V

- $RED/ 2EINSICERN- SU4J/, - %4LKDIR/3F- %4LKDIR5$ART+)%R/ 2 ein- %4LKDIR5%4J5CASE/ 2 acc

Lo&ative dative $$ is atta&hed to the ad;un&t set5

'$ B ' 2 :graar rule;$$M - ADJ/

- %4J CASE/ O a&&-$$ - %4LKDIR/ 2 /$ART - %4LKDIR/ 2 >


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)or*alisation &at&hes idea that referen&e ob;e&t of #arti&le is identi&alto ob;e&t of #leonasti& $$

)or*alisation ives ade9uate des&ri#tion of behaviour of Grou# C 'erbs

4ut5 does not su##ress #leonasti& a&&usative $$s for Grou# 4 'erbs-dative only/

vorfahren V to drive u#F- $RED/ 2vorfahren- SU4J/, - %4LKDIR/3F- %4LKDIR5$ART+)%R/ 2 vor

- %4LKDIR5%4J5CASE/ 2 a&&- %4LKDIR5%4J5$RED/ $c$R%

Constraint in le:i&al entry &he&"s that $RED of%4LKDIR5%4J has value $R%


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)or*alisation &at&hes idea that referen&e ob;e&t of #arti&le is identi&alto ob;e&t of #leonasti& $$

)or*alisation ives ade9uate des&ri#tion of behaviour of Grou# C 'erbs

4ut5 does not su##ress #leonasti& a&&usative $$s for Grou# 4 'erbs-dative only/

vorfahren V to drive u#F- $RED/ 2vorfahren- SU4J/, - %4LKDIR/3F- %4LKDIR5$ART+)%R/ 2 vor

- %4LKDIR5%4J5CASE/ 2 a&&- %4LKDIR5%4J5$RED/ $c$R%

Constraint in le:i&al entry &he&"s that $RED of%4LKDIR5%4J has value $R%


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Con&lusions

'erbs (hi&h al(ays have a dire&tional readin in&ludin anintrusion into a ne( reion &o*bine (ith accusative only

'erbs (hose se*anti&s do not in&lude an intrusion into a ne(reion &o*bine (ith dativeonly

'erbs offerin both readins &an &o*bine (ith acc> and dat> $$s

The se*anti& differen&es &an ade9uately be *odeled on thesynta&ti& level usin the fra*e(or" of L)G


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Referen&es

Judith 4er*an and Anette )ran"> .77H> Deutsche und franzoralisus der 0>?. a: Nie*eyer 'erla, TPbinen>

iria* 4utt, Tra&y ollo(ay in, arQa+Euenia Nino and )rederi9ueSeond> .777> ' ?raar Writer@s 4oo1boo1.CSLI $ubli&ations, Stanford, California>

Jun;i %"a*oto> 00> ParticleABound Directions in ?eran Particle erb4onstructions.$ro;e"tberi&ht '5 Ty#oloi&al Investiation of Lanuaesand Cultures of the East and !est> -$art II/>

Susan %lsen> .778> Seantische und 1onze*tuelle 's*e1te derParti1elverbbildung it einA.Stauffenbur, TPbinen>

Ja*es !itt> .778> o*#ositionalitt und Reularitt, In5 %lsen, Susan -ed/>

Seantische und 1onze*tuelle 's*e1te der Parti1elverbbildung iteinA. Stauffenbur, TPbinen>

Dieter !underli&h> .786> %n the Co*#ositionality of Ger*an$refi: 'erbs> In5 R> 4uerle, Ch> S&h(are and A> von Ste&ho(-eds>/> Ceaning, se and 7nter*retation of 0anguage.De Gruyter, 4erlin>


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Than" ou

Vuestions=

german particle verbs and pleonastic prepositions

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