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GERMAN LANGUAGE Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D. American University

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Page 1: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 2: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11. Health - Gesundheit!

Page 3: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.1 The Human Body

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11.2 Morning Routine

11.3 Compounds

Page 4: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.4 At the Doctor’s Office

11.5 German Adverbs

11.6 Jetzt üben wir!

.

Page 5: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 6: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.1 The Human Body

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Page 7: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

eyedas Auge, die Augen (blau, grün, braun,

schwarz)

eye lash die Augenwimper, Augenwimpern

eyebrow die Augenbraue, Augenbrauen

forehead die Stirn, Stirne

neck der Hals, Hälse

Page 8: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

ear das Ohr, Ohren

nose die Nase, Nasen

mouth der Mund, Münder

tooth der Zahn, Zähne

face das Gesicht, Gesichter

Page 9: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

hairdas Haar, Haare

(blond, grau, braun, schwarz, rot)

bald head die Glatze, Glatzen

arm der Arm, Arme

shoulder die Schulter, Schultern

elbow der Ellbogen (also Ellenbogen), -

Page 10: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

hand die Hand, Hände

finger der Finger, -

legs das Bein, Beine

knee das Knie, -

foot der Fuß, Füße

Page 11: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

toe die Zehe, Zehen

nail der Nagel, Nägel (Handnagel, Fußnägel)

upper part of the body der Oberkörper, -

lower part of the body der Unterkörper, -

Page 12: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

Das ist eine junge Frau. Wir sehen ihr Gesicht. Sie hat kurze Haare und einen langen Hals.

.

Page 13: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 14: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

11.2 Morning Routine

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Page 15: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

Reflexive verbs - covered earlier on in this course - indicate an action one does to oneself, as in getting showered, dressed, etc.

Subject of the verb is also its object, remember?

Page 16: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

Die junge Frau sagt, was sie morgens macht:

Ich dusche (bade, wasche) mich mit Seife. Ich ziehe mich an und schminke mich.

Dann frühstücke ich. Danach putze ich mir die Zähne und bürste mir die Haare.

Page 17: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

Sie kämmt sich (die Haare), sie bürstet sich.

* No need for the accusative object as it is implied

.

Page 18: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 19: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.3 Compounds

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Page 20: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude in other languages. So much can be expressed with just that one word.

Page 21: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

When the object of a preposition is a thing or an idea, wo- and da-compounds are used

Page 22: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

Womit spielt das Baby? Es spielt mit dem Teddybär.

Spielt das Baby immer noch damit?

Ja, es spielt immer noch mit dem Teddybär!

Page 23: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

Adding wo or da to a preposition (add an r if the preposition starts with a vowel):

Bist du an deutschem Essen interessiert?

Ja, ich bin daran interessiert.

Page 24: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

Other compounds used that way:

daran, darauf, darin, dafür, davon, davor

woran, worauf, worin, wofür, wovon, wovor

.

Page 25: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 26: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.4 At the Doctor’s Office

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Page 27: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

Mir ist schlecht.Ihm ist übel.Tut dir der Arm weh?

To describe how one feels: dative noun or pronoun plus adjective

• es geht ihm schlecht - ihm ist schlecht (synonyms)

.

Page 28: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 29: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.5 German Adverbs

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Page 30: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.5.1 Placement of Adverbs

11.5.2 Adverbs of Time

11.5.3 Adverbs of Place

11.5.4 Sequence of Adverbial Expressions

.

Page 31: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 32: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.5.1 Placement of Adverbs

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Page 33: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

In English, a -y added to the adjective turns it into an adverb.

In German, it’s by placing the adjective after the verb it is modifying:

Page 34: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

Das ist eine gesunde Person - a healthy person

Er ist ein intelligenter Student

Page 35: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

.

Adverbs modifying verbs are placed right after the verb: wir trinken morgens immer Kaffee.

Page 36: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 37: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.5.2 Adverbs of Time

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Page 38: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

They give the answer to wann (when?) and wie oft (how often?):

Ich gehe morgen einkaufen und esse selten Fisch und du?

Ich esse nie Fisch aber (esse) oft Fleisch.

Page 39: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

wann? (when?)

• jetzt

• heute

• morgen

• abends

Page 40: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

wie oft? (how often?)• nie• selten• manchmal• ab und zu• regelmäßig• oft• täglich• immer/ständig .

Page 41: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 42: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.5.3 Adverbs of Place

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Page 43: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

They describe location or direction and reply to wo (where?) wohin (where to?), woher (where from?)

Page 44: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

Woher kommt ihr? Wir kommen aus den USA.

Wohin fliegen wir? Wir fliegen nach Deutschland.

.

Page 45: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 46: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.5.4 Sequence of Adverbial Expressions in German

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Page 47: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

If there is more than one adverbial expression in a sentence this is the sequence:

Adverbs of time +  adverbs of manner + adverbs of place.

Sie fahren heute zusammen zur Schule. .

Page 48: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 49: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

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11.6 Jetzt üben wir!

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Page 50: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

COMPOUNDS

Use 2 da- and 2 wo-compounds as in the example given.

Beispiel: Wovor hat er Angst? Vor dem Test? Ja, davor.

Page 51: GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude

Heute ist eine Party. Wir freuen uns ______________

Sie kauft Zucker und backt ______________________.

Das Geld, ________ ist das?

Was? __________ redet er?

.