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Evidence-based scientific and technical support

Cooperation with policy Directorates-General

Sharing its know-how with the Member States

Geospatial data and geomatic:The keystones for the sound implementationof the European Common Agriculture Policy

Philippe LOUDJANI, MARS (Monitoring Agricultural Resources) UnitDG Joint Research Centre

Geospatial World Forum – AgricultureRotterdam – 15th May 2013

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CAP expenditure and CAP reform path

7Rural areas + 90% of EU territoryFrom which 50% is farmed8 million aid applications

Total: 58 000 000 000 € / year40 Billions Direct aids14 Billions Rural development

Billion € (2007 constant prices)Billion € (2007 constant prices)

Source: DG Agriculture and Rural Development. 2012

CAP = 0,3 € / EU citizen / day

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To ensure that CAP funds are spent appropriately, Member State Authorities and the Commission services have to establish and apply appropriate management and control mechanisms.

MARS Unit provides technical and scientific support for the implementation of the Common Agriculture Policy linked to direct payments (1st CAP pillar)

• Management of Integrated Administration and Control System (IACS) data (especially Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS)

Management of direct payments to farmers

• Control methods (On-The-Spot checks (OTS)) Control of direct payments

• Cross Compliance (Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions (GAEC), Farm Advisory System (FAS), and ‘Greening’)

Conditions to receive direct payments

Technical solutions mostly based on:

Geospatial data and geomatic

Technical support to CAP implementation

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Agriculture

Control

RemoteSensing

All farm parcelsPastures Olive treesCOP and SA Parcels of interest

Before 2003 CAP reform = coupled payments

Type of crop

Cropped area

Aerial images + several High Resolution imagesThen first VHR images (after 2000)

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After 2003 CAP reform = decoupled payments

Environment Agriculture

Control

GAEC

RemoteSensing

Except few cases, VHR images needed (less and less HR images and Radar too coarse)

All parcelsPastures Olive trees

Farm

COP and SAParcels on slopes

Parcels along riverLandscape features

Crop group

Area

Land maintenanceLandscape elements

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987xyz1.23ha123xyz

1.23ha987xyz1.23 ha

Reference parcel (Administration)

Use eligibility recorded officially

Prevents Double

Declaration

Unique identifier

Stable over time

In IACS-GIS Land Parcel Identification System

Acts as reference frame forAid application

Payment calculation

Controlled object

Locates land

“Contracted” area in

application

Boundary stored in

GIS

Location in aid application

Area officially known

Use declared by farmer

Area claimed by

farmer1.02ha

May be unstable over time

Digital Land Parcel System (LPIS)

claimed parcel (Farmers)

Since 2005

Based onOrthoimagery

8 million Farmers in 27 EU Member states Using 140 Million reference parcels uniquely identified

Reference parcels superimposed on ortho imagery

Digital Land Parcel System today

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Check of area, land cover, crop cover, Good agri environmental conditions …

Today: used by 25 Member States - 340,000 controls = 75% of total farm controls

per Campaign year:some 400 control zones800 High Resolution images250.000 km2 Very High Resolution data7 million € satellite images purchased in 2012 on behalf of DG Agri

Control with Remote SensingInitiated end of 90’s

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Description 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010* 2011* 2012*HR imagery

Planned HR sites 124 149 183 192 227 244 249 278 286 287

Radar backup sites 56 50 61(17 triplets) 54 (26) 17 (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-)

Total no. images acquired 680 690 690 693 657 538 655 671 735 640

HR purchased (M euro) 1,6 1,7 2 2,3 2,3 1,6 2,13 2,12 2 1,57

VHR imagery

Planned VHR sites 37 71 161 181 228 264 285 368 426 470

Area (km2) accepted 12.000 50.000 126.000 127.000 150.000 160.000 174.700 224.000 242.000 242.300

VHR purchased (M euro) 0,3 1,6 3 3 3,3 3,8 3,9 4,55 5,1 4,87

MS participating (HR and/or VHR) 12 22 24 23 24 24 25 27 27 27

Total purchased (M euro) 1,9 3,3 5,0 5,3 5,6 5,4 6,0 6,7 7,1 6,44

X 2,3

X 12,7

X 20,2

X 3,4

CwRS Campaigns overview

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Area measurements GNSS and ortho images

Device

ExpertFuzzy

borders

According to Art.34(1) of R.1122/2009, MS shall use measurement tools that are “proven to assure measurement of quality at least equivalent to that required by applicable technical standard, as drawn up at Community level”.

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GNSS devices validationArea measurement validation method

Buffer tolerance validation methodGNSS and Ortho imagery

GNSS

GNSS used in all 27 EU Member States for field measurement

More than 6400 receivers !!!!78 different GNSS devices/mode/method

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CAP 2020

Increased VHR images need (at least 50 cm + maybe 3 D information)

All parcelsPastures Olive trees

Farm

COP and SAParcels on slopes

Parcels along riverforestLandscape features

EnvironmentAgriculture

Control

GAEC

RemoteSensing

Greening

Greening of the CAP(crop diversification, winter cover, permanent pasture …)

More complex land use-land cover management

Quantification

Almost all areas to consider but urban

Crop group

Area

Landmaintenance

EFA quantification

EFA

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Work on implications of the new CAP regulation on:- the IACS (management system)- LPIS (parcel reference system)- OTS checks (control methods)

Technical solutions more than ever based on Geospatial data and geomatic

Proposed Horizontal Regulation “CAP Towards 2020” foresees continuation of CwRS as part of On The Spot Checks (also IACS and LPIS maintenance)

Technical management of CAP 2020

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Use of Geospatial data

Support detailed characterization of rural landscapes

Landscape features (location, type, area)HedgerowGroup of treesIsolated treesPondAncient monument…

Land use / land cover (location, type, area)Crop typepastureForestPermanent cropFallow landBuffer strips…

Eligibility of land 100% eligible

(Study done by Ekotoxa, CZ)

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Use of geospatial data …

3D view UAV image

Automatic linear features extractionof VHR images

Provide relevant information to farmers (digital, paper)Increase awareness on Cross Compliance (Advice: FAS)Reduce risk of infringementsEvaluate & monitor CAP impact on natural resources

LPIS + Satellite imagery + additional GIS layers (Digital Elevation Model, …)Location of: Parcels in vulnerable zones, rivers and green cover buffer, features ..

3D view of rural landscape

Most of themes derived

from geospatial data

Sound management of rural areas(LPIS as cornerstone)

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Taking benefit of INSPIRE directive