georgia’s prehistoric past who were the first georgians and where did they come from?

Georgia’s Prehistoric PastGeorgia’s Prehistoric Past

Who Were The First Georgians Who Were The First Georgians And Where Did They Come And Where Did They Come

From?From?

What Is History?What Is History?History relates to events that have History relates to events that have

occurred in the past and are occurred in the past and are importantimportant..

In order to study history, you need to use In order to study history, you need to use Primary SourcesPrimary Sources – firsthand accounts of a – firsthand accounts of a historical event, which are in writing. historical event, which are in writing.

Examples of a Primary SourceExamples of a Primary Source

Some examples of a primary source are Some examples of a primary source are newspapers, diaries/journals, newspapers, diaries/journals, autobiographies, and government reports.autobiographies, and government reports.

What is Prehistory What is Prehistory

Prehistory Prehistory refers to the period of time refers to the period of time before written records were kept. before written records were kept.

Means before history began Means before history began

No written records were kept during No written records were kept during prehistoric times. prehistoric times.

How can we study prehistory?How can we study prehistory?

We study prehistory We study prehistory with the use of with the use of artifacts and ecofacts.artifacts and ecofacts.

ArtifactsArtifacts are objects are objects made by humans made by humans (arrowheads, tools, (arrowheads, tools, pottery).pottery).

Ecofacts Ecofacts are natural are natural objects relating to objects relating to living matter (bones, living matter (bones, teeth, skulls, shells).teeth, skulls, shells).

Who Studies Prehistory?Who Studies Prehistory?

ArcheologistsArcheologists study study prehistory.prehistory.

An archeologist An archeologist learns about previous learns about previous societies by studying societies by studying the artifacts and the artifacts and ecofacts left behind ecofacts left behind by that society.by that society.

The First AmericansThe First Americans

Human beings originated on the Continent Human beings originated on the Continent of Africa around five million years ago. of Africa around five million years ago.

In order to survive, they had to hunt and In order to survive, they had to hunt and gather all of their food. gather all of their food.

The First Americans Cont. The First Americans Cont.

12,000 years ago the first 12,000 years ago the first humans reached North humans reached North America.America.

A band of humans A band of humans crossed an ice bridge crossed an ice bridge called called BeringiaBeringia. .

The bridge connected The bridge connected Siberia and Alaska. Siberia and Alaska.

1,300 miles wide and four 1,300 miles wide and four times the length of times the length of GeorgiaGeorgia

Picture of Early Humans Crossing Picture of Early Humans Crossing Beringia Beringia

Was this trip planned, and do you think Was this trip planned, and do you think that they had directions to N. America?that they had directions to N. America?

Paleo-IndianPaleo-Indian

When did they exist?When did they exist?

Existed 10,000-8,000 B.C.Existed 10,000-8,000 B.C.First 2,000 years of Indian life in First 2,000 years of Indian life in

Southeast.Southeast.


What did they eat?What did they eat?

Their diet consisted of meat from bison, Their diet consisted of meat from bison, mastadons, and sloths.mastadons, and sloths.

They also ate small game, berries,wild They also ate small game, berries,wild fruit,and vegetables.fruit,and vegetables.

Often chased them over cliffs to kill them.Often chased them over cliffs to kill them.


Did they have weapons?Did they have weapons?

They had several types of weapons. They used They had several types of weapons. They used knives, spears, and axes.knives, spears, and axes.

They would sharpen the spearheads and ax They would sharpen the spearheads and ax heads using rocks.heads using rocks.

Bow and arrow was not yet invented so they had Bow and arrow was not yet invented so they had to use spears and stab animals.to use spears and stab animals.

The atlatl, a spear throwing device was used for The atlatl, a spear throwing device was used for accuracy and to throw further.accuracy and to throw further.


How did they live?How did they live?They were nomadic, traveling from place They were nomadic, traveling from place

to place, following herds of animals.to place, following herds of animals.They usually camped out in the open but They usually camped out in the open but

when it was cold they would dig pits or when it was cold they would dig pits or build shelters covered with bark, brush, or build shelters covered with bark, brush, or animal hides. animal hides.


OTHER FACTSOTHER FACTSLived off the land and relied on nature for Lived off the land and relied on nature for

food, clothes, blankets, tools, shelter, etc.food, clothes, blankets, tools, shelter, etc.Lived in small bands of 20 or so adults Lived in small bands of 20 or so adults

and children.and children.Few lived to be older than 30 or 40.Few lived to be older than 30 or 40.Many children died before their first Many children died before their first

birthday.birthday.

ArchaicArchaic


Existed 8,000-1,000 B.C.Existed 8,000-1,000 B.C.

ArchaicArchaic


The Archaic Indians became dependent on a The Archaic Indians became dependent on a combination of hunting, fishing, and gathering. combination of hunting, fishing, and gathering.

Their diet consisted of deer, bear, rabbit, Their diet consisted of deer, bear, rabbit, squirrels, fish, berries, nuts, wild fruit, and squirrels, fish, berries, nuts, wild fruit, and veggies.veggies.

They also ate shellfish and oysters.They also ate shellfish and oysters.

ArchaicArchaic


They had a variety of weapons.They had a variety of weapons.They used an atlatl which was a spear They used an atlatl which was a spear

throwing device so that they could throw throwing device so that they could throw them further and more accurately. them further and more accurately.

ArchaicArchaic

How did they live?How did they live?

Archaic Indians were usually on the move.Archaic Indians were usually on the move.They traveled based on the seasons.They traveled based on the seasons.Later on they adjusted and learned to use Later on they adjusted and learned to use

the resources around them.the resources around them.

ArchaicArchaic

OTHER FACTSOTHER FACTSThey also hunted bear, fox, raccoon, They also hunted bear, fox, raccoon,

opossum,squirrel, and turkey.opossum,squirrel, and turkey.Learned to burn small areas of forest to Learned to burn small areas of forest to

improve hunting. The plants that grew improve hunting. The plants that grew back attracted deer.back attracted deer.

Made clay pottery and decorative items Made clay pottery and decorative items out of stone and bone.out of stone and bone.

WoodlandWoodland


Existed 1,000 A.D. -1,000 B.C.Existed 1,000 A.D. -1,000 B.C.

WoodlandWoodland


The Woodland Indians were both hunters and The Woodland Indians were both hunters and gatherers.gatherers.

Their diet consisted of deer, small game, nuts and Their diet consisted of deer, small game, nuts and seeds, squash, and gourds.seeds, squash, and gourds.

WoodlandWoodland


They had bows and arrows.They had bows and arrows.

WoodlandWoodland


Woodland Indians lived in sturdy houses in Woodland Indians lived in sturdy houses in villages.villages.

They stayed in one place for long periods They stayed in one place for long periods of time.of time.

WoodlandWoodland

OTHER FACTSOTHER FACTSLike their Archaic ancestors, Woodland Like their Archaic ancestors, Woodland

Indians were at home in the forest.Indians were at home in the forest.The use of pottery became widespread The use of pottery became widespread

throughout the Southeast during this throughout the Southeast during this period.period.

MississippianMississippian


Existed 1,000 A.D. -1,600 A.D.Existed 1,000 A.D. -1,600 A.D.



The Mississippian Indians were hunters and they also The Mississippian Indians were hunters and they also grew their own vegetables. grew their own vegetables.

Their diet consisted of deer, turkey and other small Their diet consisted of deer, turkey and other small game, corn, beans, and other vegetables.game, corn, beans, and other vegetables.



They used bows and arrows for hunting They used bows and arrows for hunting and for defense. and for defense.



Mississippian Indians had permanent Mississippian Indians had permanent settlements with wattle and daub houses.settlements with wattle and daub houses.

They had elaborate burial mounds with They had elaborate burial mounds with food and ceremonial objects buried inside.food and ceremonial objects buried inside.

MississippianMississippianOTHER FACTSOTHER FACTS

The Mississippian Indians preferred living in The Mississippian Indians preferred living in places that offered rich bottomlands by rivers, places that offered rich bottomlands by rivers, long moist growing seasons, and good deer and long moist growing seasons, and good deer and turkey hunting.turkey hunting.

Wild foods remained important, but they also Wild foods remained important, but they also came to rely more on agriculture.came to rely more on agriculture.

The Etowah Indian mounds in Cartersville were The Etowah Indian mounds in Cartersville were built by the Mississippians.built by the Mississippians.

georgia’s prehistoric past who were the first georgians and where did they come from?

Documents

prehistory prehistory

archeologists study

use of artifacts

length of georgia slide

humans arrowheads

band of humans

written records

prehistoric times