George W. Bush (43)

Bush II, but with Divisions

Realists vs. Idealists

Balance vs. Hegemonists Neocons

Of Power

Who is Missing?

• Bush and Condoleezza Rice

Examples of Debates

• General Battle Lines

WH/VP/DoD

vs.

State

• China

• Israel/Palestinian issue

Priorities

• Hegemonist-style Realism

• Missile defense

• Unilateralism as necessary

• No more peace operations/nationbuilding

World Trade Center, NYC

Pentagon

National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States

• 9/11 Commission

Origins of AQ• Iranian Revolution• (1978-1979)• provides inspiration foreign fighters• formation go home,• of Afghan mujahadin form new groups• or join existing • Pakistan military groups, create a

allies with radical global terrorIslamic groups (1977-79) networkprovides sanctuary

• Ideological legacy USSR invades US, China, Pakistan Soviets • of radical Islamic Afghanistan Egypt, Saudi Arabia, withdraw • thought 1979 and others funding, 1989• provides ideology supplying, and training• and inspiration mujahadin and jihadis

• OBL and others recruit• Saudi funded religious schools volunteers al-Qaeda (global)• (madrassas) in Middle East from madrassas Abu Sayyaf (Phil.)• and Asia (1970s-1980s) in M. E. and Asia GIA (Algeria)• provides recruits with ideology (foreign fighters HAMAS

or jihadis) Islamic Jihad IMU

• Jemaah Islamiah PIJ Bosnia, Chechnya, Kashmir…

Time

AQ is Clear About Goals• 1996 fatwa• 1998 fatwa• Al-Qaeda Training Manual (from Dept. of Justice)• Bin-Laden videos• Abu Bakr Naji, The Management of Savagery• Article on Mustafa Setmariam Nasar (Abu Musab al-Suri)

Defining Terrorism

1. Political Agenda

2. Violence as the method

3. Civilians as Targets

4. Publicity

What’s New?

• State-Sponsored terrorism

• Left-wing terrorism

• Globalization• Network Terrorism• Religious terrorism

Bush Doctrine

• Choosing Sides– Afghanistan and Pakistan

• Preemption (Preventive War)• Linkage of terrorism and WMD• Regime Change• Multilateralism• 2005 Spreading Democracy

– Bush 43 as an idealist– US vs. radical ideology

Documents on the Bush Doctrine• Bush Admin. National Security Strategy, Sept. 2002• Bush Admin.

National Security Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction

• President GW Bush’s West Point Commencement speech, June 2002

• President GW Bush’s Second Inaugural Address, Jan. 2005

• President GW Bush’s State of the Union address, Feb. 2005

• President GW Bush speech on the war on terrorism Oct. 2005

• Bush Admin., “National Security Strategy of the US,” March 2006

• National Security Strategy for Combating Terrorism, 2003

• National Security Strategy for Combating Terrorism, 2006