geometric design taxiways

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani) 1 Dr. Antonio A. Trani Professor of Civil Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University February 25, 2009 Blacksburg, Virginia CEE 4674 Airport Planning and Design Geometric Design I Addendum 1

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Page 1: Geometric design Taxiways

CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)! 1 1

Dr. Antonio A. Trani Professor of Civil Engineering

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

February 25, 2009

Blacksburg, Virginia

! CEE 4674 Airport Planning and Design

Geometric Design I

Addendum 1

Page 2: Geometric design Taxiways

CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Organization of this Presentation

•  Geometric design standards for runway exits •  Examples

•  Design rationale for taxiways and taxilanes

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Page 3: Geometric design Taxiways

CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Geometric design Standards for Runway Exits

•  Sources:

•  FAA AC 5300-13 (Chapter 3)

•  ICAO Aerodrome Manual Volumes 1 and 2

•  Design principle:

•  Provide ample space for aircraft to maneuver out of the runway

•  Make the runway exits easily identifyable

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Page 4: Geometric design Taxiways

CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Right-Angle Exits

•  Baseline centerline radius is 250 feet

•  Pavement edge radius varies according to runway width

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Sample Implementation (ATL)

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R = 250 feet!

Runway!(150 feet wide)!

Parallel Taxiway!

90 degree!Runway Exit!

Source: Google Earth!

Page 6: Geometric design Taxiways

CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

45 Degree Angle Runway Exit

•  Nominal 800 feet centerline radius

•  600 feet pavement edge radius

•  Old design – FAA has dropped diagram from AC 5300-13

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Page 7: Geometric design Taxiways

CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Issues with 45 Degree Runway Exits

•  Narrow width at tangency point (only 40 feet)

•  Only useful for busy general aviation airports

•  Since the FAA has dropped discussion of this design in the latest releases of the AC 5300-13 the geometry should be use with caution

•  The 30 degree standard design seems to be favored in case peak operations exceed 30 per hour

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Page 8: Geometric design Taxiways

CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Acute Angle or High-Speed Runway Exit 30 Degree (Old Standard)

•  Nominal 1800 feet centerline radius

•  1600 feet pavement edge radius

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Page 9: Geometric design Taxiways

CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Acute Angle or High-Speed Runway Exit 30 Degree (New Design)

•  Nominal 1400 feet centerline spiral

•  Can use the FAA computer program AD42.exe application for design (companion computer program to AC 5300-13)

•  See example on page 48-1 in Chapter 4 of AC 5300-13

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Page 10: Geometric design Taxiways

CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Specification of a High-Speed Runway Exit

•  x-y coordinates of centerline

•  Left and right offset distances from the centerline

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Specification of High-Speed Runway Exit

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Example in AC 5300-13 (see page 48-1 in FAA AC 5300-13)

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Example Problem in AC 5300-13

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Example Problem in AC 5300-13

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Explanation

•  The intersection angle is negative (-30 degrees) so this turn is to the left

•  The offsets (both right and left) decrease as a function of station length to make the transition the runway exit width from 150 to 75 feet

•  The centerline angle increases from zero at the start of the runway exit point to 30 degrees as required by the geometry

•  The steering angle provides a measure of how much effort is required by the nose gear to keep with the centerline geometry

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Page 16: Geometric design Taxiways

CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Example Implementation (ATL) 30 Degree Angle Runway Exit

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Source: Google Earth!

1400 foot spiral!

Runway!(150 feet wide)!

Parallel Taxiway!

250 feet radius !reverse geometry!

800 feet radius!

Page 17: Geometric design Taxiways

CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Issues with 30 Degree Runway Exits

•  The FAA recommends a minimum runway-taxiway separation of 600 feet for High-Speed runway exits

•  Some airport have used 30 degree runway exits with down to 400 feet (avoid!)

•  The result is low exits speeds and possible issues with busting hold lines

•  Be careful and try to provide the minimum 600 foot recommended distance

•  Limited pilot visibility while crossing active runways

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Sample Limited Visibility on High-Speed Runway Exit

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Final turning angle at hold line = 30 degrees!

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Example of Limited Visibility due to Short Runway-Taxiway Distance

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Airbus A340-600 Visibility from Cockpit

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Source: Airbus!

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Example of Limited Visibility Driven by Hold Line Location

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•  Before the aircraft nose reaches the hold line, the aircraft wingtip violates the hold line distance!

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Taxiway-Taxiway Junctions

•  For dimensions consult FAA 150/5300-13 Table 4-2

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Table 4-2 in AC 5300-13 Taxiway Fillet Dimensions

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Taxiway-Taxiway Junctions

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•  Sample solution shown for ADG VI

•  For other groups consult FAA 150/5300-13 Table 4-2

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CEE 4674 – Airport Planning and Design (copyright A. Trani)!

Sample Junction

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