geological - mineralogical characteristics and trace-elements …ijcm.ir/article-1-643-fa.pdf ·...

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(Received: 8/9/2007, in revised form: 5/5/2008) Geological - mineralogical characteristics and trace-elements geochemistry in Aghadjari bauxite deposit, south of Shahindezh, NW of Iran A. Abedini 1 , A.A. Calagari 1, 2 , B. Hadjalilu 3 1- Geology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz 51664. 2- Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (RIFS), Tabriz University, Tabriz 51664 3- Geology Department, Payamnour University, Tabriz E-mail:[email protected] Abstract: Aghadjari bauxite deposit is located in ~15km south of Shahindezh, West- Azarbaidjan province. This deposit was developed as stratiform lenses along the contact of Rutheh and Elika carbonate formations. Bauxitization processes led to the formation of boehmite, diaspore, kaolinite, pyrophyllite, illite, hematite, goethite, anatase, rutile, and quartz. Ferrugenization and deferrugenization mechanisms are two important factors controlling distribution of elements in this deposit. Mafic igneous rocks are the potential protolith. Obtained data show that elements such as Al, Ti, Fe, Zr, Hf, REE, and Nb moved down from the upper horizons to the lower parts of residual system by organic complexes during kaolinization processes. The carbonate bedrocks played dual roles in distribution of elements in this deposit. These rocks neutralized the acidic weathering solutions causing an increase in deposition of iron oxides and hydroxides which in turn due to their adsorption capacity caused considerable concentration of Cr, Co, and LREE in lower parts of the bauxite horizon. On the other hand, the carbonates by forming stable ionic complexes with HREEs caused these elements to drain out of the residual system. Keywords: Buaxite, Immobile elements, Lateritization, Adsorption, Aghadjari, Shahindezh. Vol. 16, No. 2, summer 1387/2008 Downloaded from ijcm.ir at 3:09 +0430 on Thursday August 27th 2020

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Page 1: Geological - mineralogical characteristics and trace-elements …ijcm.ir/article-1-643-fa.pdf · (Received: 8/9/2007, in revised form: 5/5/2008) Geological - mineralogical characteristics

(Received: 8/9/2007, in revised form: 5/5/2008)

Geological - mineralogical characteristics and trace-elements geochemistry in Aghadjari bauxite deposit, south of Shahindezh, NW of Iran

A. Abedini1, A.A. Calagari1, 2, B. Hadjalilu3

1- Geology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz 51664. 2- Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (RIFS), Tabriz University, Tabriz 51664

3- Geology Department, Payamnour University, Tabriz E-mail:[email protected]

Abstract: Aghadjari bauxite deposit is located in ~15km south of Shahindezh, West-Azarbaidjan province. This deposit was developed as stratiform lenses along the contact of Rutheh and Elika carbonate formations. Bauxitization processes led to the formation of boehmite, diaspore, kaolinite, pyrophyllite, illite, hematite, goethite, anatase, rutile, and quartz. Ferrugenization and deferrugenization mechanisms are two important factors controlling distribution of elements in this deposit. Mafic igneous rocks are the potential protolith. Obtained data show that elements such as Al, Ti, Fe, Zr, Hf, REE, and Nb moved down from the upper horizons to the lower parts of residual system by organic complexes during kaolinization processes. The carbonate bedrocks played dual roles in distribution of elements in this deposit. These rocks neutralized the acidic weathering solutions causing an increase in deposition of iron oxides and hydroxides which in turn due to their adsorption capacity caused considerable concentration of Cr, Co, and LREE in lower parts of the bauxite horizon. On the other hand, the carbonates by forming stable ionic complexes with HREEs caused these elements to drain out of the residual system.

Keywords: Buaxite, Immobile elements, Lateritization, Adsorption, Aghadjari, Shahindezh.

Vol. 16, No. 2, summer 1387/2008

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Page 2: Geological - mineralogical characteristics and trace-elements …ijcm.ir/article-1-643-fa.pdf · (Received: 8/9/2007, in revised form: 5/5/2008) Geological - mineralogical characteristics

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Page 3: Geological - mineralogical characteristics and trace-elements …ijcm.ir/article-1-643-fa.pdf · (Received: 8/9/2007, in revised form: 5/5/2008) Geological - mineralogical characteristics

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Page 4: Geological - mineralogical characteristics and trace-elements …ijcm.ir/article-1-643-fa.pdf · (Received: 8/9/2007, in revised form: 5/5/2008) Geological - mineralogical characteristics

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Mineral

Boehmite �= �� �� �� �= �Diaspore � �� �> �� �� -Kaolinite � � �� �� �= >�

Pyrophyllite � = �� �l �� ��

Anatase - � > - > >Rutile � � - > � =

Hematite �� �� �� �� �l �Goethite �� �� �l � � -

Illite - - - - - >Quartz - - - - - �

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Page 5: Geological - mineralogical characteristics and trace-elements …ijcm.ir/article-1-643-fa.pdf · (Received: 8/9/2007, in revised form: 5/5/2008) Geological - mineralogical characteristics

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L.O.I 01/3 50/8 01/6 76/5 15/10 69/9 06/11 18/12 43/12 51/14 10/11

Sum 57/99 67/99 70/99 78/99 54/99 45/99 90/99 45/99 70/99 79/99 84/99

U ppm 1 1 1 1 2 5 4 5 5 22 19

Hf 3 9 8 9 7 7 8 9 5 18 14

Ba 534 500 444 491 280 282 286 439 557 242 355

Th 3 3 4 4 3 4 4 10 9 19 15

La 56 295 246 354 196 65 61 36 30 22 25

Co 9 101 97 79 61 49 53 43 83 1 1

Cr 130 1005 936 388 197 311 388 98 350 274 361

Nb 34 45 48 49 51 48 49 50 24 76 74

Rb 30 6 9 7 5 9 7 7 7 87 66

V 200 1075 1022 752 905 573 617 578 348 450 451

Y 50 17 22 19 9 12 15 12 47 28 60

Zr 156 239 274 299 301 306 314 394 216 573 480

Ni 30 165 95 135 63 52 141 178 76 9 105

Sr 222 152 101 287 182 462 358 352 49 190 16

C.I.A. - 57/98 89/97 75/98 33/99 29/98 39/97 16/99 73/98 50/98 22/95

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Eu/Eu* = (Eubauxite/EuUCC)/ √ (Smbauxite/SmUCC) × [(0.66Tbbauxite/TbUCC) + (0.33Smbauxite/SmUCC)] [13]Ce/Ce* = (2Cebauxite/CeUCC)/(2Labauxite/LaUCC + Ndbauxite/NdUCC) [13]

Ce/Ce*Eu/Eu*ΣHREEΣLREEΣREELuYbTmHoTbEuSmNdCeLaName of unit

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Page 9: Geological - mineralogical characteristics and trace-elements …ijcm.ir/article-1-643-fa.pdf · (Received: 8/9/2007, in revised form: 5/5/2008) Geological - mineralogical characteristics

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Page 10: Geological - mineralogical characteristics and trace-elements …ijcm.ir/article-1-643-fa.pdf · (Received: 8/9/2007, in revised form: 5/5/2008) Geological - mineralogical characteristics

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Page 11: Geological - mineralogical characteristics and trace-elements …ijcm.ir/article-1-643-fa.pdf · (Received: 8/9/2007, in revised form: 5/5/2008) Geological - mineralogical characteristics

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[2] Alavi-Naini M., Hajian J., Amidi A., Bolurrchi H., "Geology of Tekab-Saein Qale: Explanatory note of 1:250000 map of Takab guardrangle",Geological Survey of Iran, Report No 50 (1982).

]�[� H�$T?� .�"�/�%2D @��k"M- �6�78 9/�: �6�'D�E@G� 9/E�KK8 �'KK8"�KK6�78 9/KK�: $KK8�- �KK6�78��% ���KK6� �

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��",�D $/�8)���� (���r.[5] Vires J., Wasserburg G.J., "Behavior of Sm and Nd in a lateritic soil profile", Geochim et Cosmochim Acta 68 (2004) 2043-2054. [6] Laskou M., Economou-Eliopoulos M., "The role of microorganisms on the mineralogical and

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geochemical characteristics of the Parnassos-Ghiona bauxite deposits, Greece", Journal of Geochemical Exploration 93 (2007) 67-77. [7] Calagari A.A., Abedini A., "Geochemical investigations on Permo-Triassis bauxite deposit at Kanisheeteh, east of Bukan, Iran", Journal of Geochemical Exploration 94 (2007) 1-18. [8] Bardossy G., "Karst Bauxites", Elsevier Scientific, Amsterdam, (1982) 1- 441. [9] Boulange B., Bouzat G., Pouliquen M., "Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of two bauxitic profiles, Fria, Guinea republic", Mineralium Deposita 31 (1996) 432-438. [10] Balkay B., Bardossy G.Y., "Lateritesedesi rezfolyam ant vizsgalatok guineai lateritekben (Study of partial processes of laterization on Guinean laterites)", Foldt. Kozl. Budapest 97 (1967) 91-100. [11] Mongelli G., "Ce-anomalies in the textural components of Upper Cretaceous karst bauxites from the Apulian carbonate plateform (southern Italy)", Chemical Geology 140 (1997) 69-79. [12] MacLean W.H., Bonavia F.F., Sanna G., "Argillite debris converted to bauxite during karst weathering: evidence from immobile element geochemistry at the Olmedo deposit, Sardinia",Mineralium Deposita 32 (1997) 607-616. [13] Mameli P., Mongelli G., Oggiano G., Dinelli E., "Geological, geochemical and mineralogical features of some bauxite deposits from Nurra (western Sardinia, Italy): insights on conditions of formation and parental affinity", International Journal of Earth Sciences 96 (2007) 887-902. [14] Valeton I., Biermann M., Reche R., Rosenberg F., "Genesis of nickel laterites and bauxites in Greece during the Jurassic and Cretaceous, and their relation to ultrabasic parent rocks", Ore Geology Review 2 (1987) 359-404. [15] Schellmann W., "A new definition of laterite. In: Banerji, P.K. (Ed.), Laterization processes",Geological Survey of India, Memoir 120 (1986) I1-I7. [16] Maksimovic Z., Panto G.Y., "Contribution to the geochemistry of the rare earth elements in the karst-bauxite deposits of Yogoslavia and Greece",Geoderma 51 (1991) 93-109.

[17] Mucke A., Badejoko T.A., Akande S.O., "Petrographic-microchemical studies and origin of the Agbaja Phanerozoic Ironstone formation, Nupe Basin, Nigeria: a product of ferruginized ooidal Kaolin precursor not identical to the Minette-type", Mineralium Deposita 34 (1999) 284-296. [18] Taylor S.R., McLennan S.M., "The continental crust: its composition and evolution",Blackwell, Oxford, (1985) 1-312. [19] Price R.G., Gray C.M., Wilson R.E., Frey F.A., Taylor S.R., "The effects of weathering on rare earth element, Y and Ba abundances in Tertiary basalts from southern Australia",Chemical Geology 93 (1991) 245-265. [20] Boulange B., Colin F., "Rare earth element mobility during conversion of nepheline syenite into lateritic bauxite at Passa Quatro, Minais-Gerais, Brazil", Applied Geochemistry 9 (1994) 701-711. [21] Middleburg J.J., Van Der Weijden C.H., Woittiez J.R.W., "Chemical processes affecting the mobilities of major, minor and trace elements during the weathering of granitic rocks", Chemical Geology 68 (1988) 253–273. [22] Patino L.C., Velbel M.A., Price J.R., Wade J.A., "Trace element mobility during spheroidal weathering of basalts and andesites in Hawaii and Guatemala", Chemical Geology 202 (2003) 343-364.[23] Aubert D., Stille P., Probst A., "REE fractionation during granite weathering and removal by waters and suspended loads: Sr and Nd isotopic evidence", Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 65 (2001) 387-406. [24] Braun J.J., Pagel M., Muller J.P., Bilong P., Michard A., Guillet B., "Ce anomalies in lateritic profiles", Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 54 (1990) 781-795. [25] White A.F., Bullen T.D., Schultz M.S., Blum A.E., Huntington T.G., Peters N.E., "Differential rates of feldspar weathering in granitic regoliths",Geochim et Cosmochim Acta 65 (2001) 847-869. [26] Parker A., "An index of weathering for silicate rocks", Geological Magazine 107 (1970) 501-504. [27] Nesbitt H.W., "Mobility and fractionation of rare earth elements during weathering of a granodiorite", Nature 279 (1979) 206-210.

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