geography: the world and its people chapter 17 north africa
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GEOGRAPHY: THE WORLD AND ITS PEOPLECHAPTER 17
North Africa
Chapter 17: North Africa
EGYPT
Chapter 17 Section 1
The Nile River
The Nile River is the lifeline of Egypt Supplies 85% of
Egypt’s water3 Gifts of the Nile
Water Fertile Soil Transportation
Egyptian DesertEgyptian Desert 3 Main Land Areas3 Main Land Areas
Nile River Valley Begins in East Africa Flows North Through
Sudan into Egypt to Mediterranean Sea
Sinai Peninsula Actually Part of
Southwest AsiaDesert Areas
Cover Most of Egypt
Egypt’s Land
Egypt's EconomyEgypt's Economy Harvesting Cotton in EgyptHarvesting Cotton in Egypt
Agriculture Still Egypt’s main
economic activity Only 4% of land used for
farming (along Nile River) Grow cotton, dates,
vegetables, sugarcane, and wheat
Cotton is Egypt’s leading agricultural export
Economy
Alexandria, Egypt. Gas fired plant on the Nile Delta.Alexandria, Egypt. Gas fired plant on the Nile Delta. Egypt's EconomyEgypt's Economy
Industry Cairo and Alexandria
are main industrial centers
Factories produce food products, textiles, and consumers goods
Oil is Egypt’s main mineral resource
Economy Cont.
The Aswan High Dam
Provides Hydroelectric Power
Allows Fellahin to plant crops two or three times a year
Stops flow of Silt, which makes the soil fertile
Farms now rely on expensive fertilizers
Causes salty water from Mediterranean to flow into Nile River Delta
Egypt’s People
Most people live within 20 miles of the Nile River
55% live in rural areasMost Fellahin are
subsistence farmersExtra food is sold at
bazaar, or marketplaceCairo is the capital and
largest city in Egypt, and all of Africa
Cairo is growing because of high birthrates in Egypt, and Fellahin are moving to cities to find work
Cairo, Egypt
Egypt History
One of the ancient world’s most advanced civilizations
Ruled by PharoahsHieroglyphsMade paper from
papyrusCreated a calendarBuilt lasting monuments
Pyramids, Sphinx Conquered by several
groups over centuriesIs now Arabic and Islamic
Great Pyramids of Giza, Egypt
Egypt Today
Became a Republic in 1953
Gamal Abdel Nasser: President from 1954-1970
Nasser opposed Israel, and took control of the Suez Canal
Britain, France, and Israel invaded Egypt to regain control of canal
UN convinced countries to settle their differences Suez Canal from Space
17-1 EGYPT
QUIZ
Particles deposited by a river
A. Fellahin
B. Hydroelectric Power
C. Silt
D. Bazaar
E. Delta
A triangle-shaped area of land at a river’s mouth
A. Fellahin
B. Hydroelectric Power
C. Silt
D. Bazaar
E. Delta
Electric energy from moving water
A. Fellahin
B. Hydroelectric Power
C. Silt
D. Bazaar
E. Delta
Egyptian farmers
A. Fellahin
B. Hydroelectric Power
C. Silt
D. Bazaar
E. Delta
marketplace
A. Fellahin
B. Hydroelectric Power
C. Silt
D. Bazaar
E. Delta
Most of Egypt has a…
A. Tropical ClimateB. Mediterranean Climate
C. Desert ClimateD. Polar Climate
Most of Egypt’s water supply comes from the
A. Mediterranean SeaB. Atlantic Ocean
C. Suez CanalD. Nile River
The section of Egypt that is actually a part of Southwest Asia is the…
A. Sinai PeninsulaB. Libyan Desert
C. Aswan High DamD. Nile Valley
Egypt’s leading agricultural export is…
A. VegetablesB. WheatC. Dates
D. Cotton
The largest city in Egypt is…
A. AlexandriaB. SuezC. Cairo
D. Aswan
OTHER NORTH AFRICAN COUNTRIES
Chapter 17 Section 2
Libya
Capital is TripoliMore than 90% desertPoor until the
discovery of oil in 1959Has 5 million people of
mixed Arab and Berber ancestry
70 percent of people live in cities near the Mediterranean coast
In 1969 a dictatorship was set up by Muammar al-Qaddhafi
Desert in Libya
Tunisia
Capital City is TunisFormer French colonyBelongs to region known
as Maghreb, or “The West”
Includes large areas of the Sahara Desert and Rugged Atlas Mountains
Depends on agriculture and Mining
60% of Tunisia’s 9 million people live in urban areas
Ancient city of Carthage, which fought unsuccessfully against Rome for control of Mediterranean
Shepherding in the Atlas Mountains
Algeria
Capital City is Algiers Largest country in North
Africa Has deserts, mountains, and
plains Between Atlas and Ahaggar
Mountains are ergs Narrow strip of farmland
along Mediterranean called the Tell, which is the arabic word for “hill”
Economy depends on mining, agriculture, and manufacturing
Most of Algeria’s 28 million people practice Islam and speak Arabic
Old areas of Algiers called casbahs, section of shops, bazaars, and mosques
Morocco
Capital city is Rabat Located in Northwest corner of Africa Most of 29 million people are of
mixed Arab and Berber ancestry Land: Coastal plain, Atlas Mountains,
Sahara Desert Economy depends on agriculture,
mining, tourism, and fishing From 1000’s to early 1900’s Morocco
was a Muslim kingdom In 1900’s ontrolled by France and
Spain Became Independent kingdom again
in 1956
17-2 OTHER NORTH AFRICAN COUNTRIES
QUIZ
A government under one all-powerful leader
A. TellB. ErgsC. DictatorshipD. CasbahsE. Algiers
Old sections of Algiers with shops, mosques, and bazaars
A. TellB. ErgsC. DictatorshipD. CasbahsE. Algiers
Arabic word meaning “hill”
A. TellB. ErgsC. DictatorshipD. CasbahsE. Algiers
Huge areas of shifting sand dunes
A. TellB. ErgsC. DictatorshipD. CasbahsE. Algiers
Capital of Algeria
A. TellB. ErgsC. DictatorshipD. CasbahsE. Algiers
Libya became wealthy because of the discovery of…
A. UraniumB. WaterC. GoldD. Oil
More than 90% of Libya is…
A. WaterB. SwamplandC. DesertD. Farmland
Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco from a region known as the…
A. SaharaB. MaghrebC. EgyptD. Algeria
The largest country in North Africa is …
A. TunisiaB. MoroccoC. EgyptD. Algeria
The major economic activities of Morocco are agriculture, mining, and…
A. Heavy industryB. TourismC. Oil productionD. Manufacturing
FURTHER QUESTIONS?
Results