Geography of Canada

1. Types and Locations of Fish in Canada

2. Methods of Fishing in Canada3. Environmental Sustainability4. Economic Sustainability

Types and Locations of FishCategory Description

Groundfish

Fish that feed and are caught near the ocean floor

Pelagic Fish

Fish that feed and are caught near the surface

Shellfish Mollusks and crustaceans

Category ExamplesGroundfish Cod, Haddock, HalibutPelagic Fish Salmon, Herring, Mackerel, Tuna

ShellfishShrimp, Lobster, Oyster, Scallop,

Mussels

ShrimpSalmon

HaddockCod

Tuna

Scallops

Types and Locations of Fish

Complete the handouts of the following maps

Types and Locations of Fish

Canada’s East Coast Fishery

&

U.S.A.

Warm Alaska Current

Cold California Current

Canada’s West Coast Fishery

U.S.A.

U.S.A.

Methods of Fishing in Canada

In Shore Off Shore

➔ small boats with limited gear, self-employed

➔ 85% of fishers but just 10% of fish

➔ day trips only, no trips during bad weather

➔ low income➔ lobster, shrimp, clam, cod,

and haddock

➔ large ships with variety of gear, company owned

➔ 15% of fishers but 90% of fish➔ out for two weeks or more at a

time, in any weather➔ reasonable income➔ harvest cod, sole, halibut,

redfish, flounder

Methods of Fishing in Canada

Type of Net Description Diagram

Purse Seining circling a school of fish with a net

Gill Netting passing fish get caught in net

Trawling bag-shaped net dragged along the ocean floor

Environmental Sustainability:

Are These Sustainable?

Economic Sustainability:Collapse of Canada’s Fisheries

Collapse of Cod: 1992

CAUSES:❖ Overfishing (we caught

too much too quickly!)❖ Illegal fishing done by

foreign boats (foreign=from other countries)

❖ The government failed to intervene in time

IMPACTS:❖ 35,000+ people lost their jobs❖ The government finally placed

a moratorium on cod fishing in 1992

RECOVERY:❖ Since 1992, fish stocks have begun recovering, but still a

long way to go!

Trouble for B.C. Salmon...

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