Genocide in Genocide in ChinaChinaMelissa ArellanoMelissa Arellano

James GuanJames GuanFoley ChienFoley Chien

Derick ShaibiDerick Shaibi

SummarySummaryIn 1949, The People’s Republic of China was established by Mao Zedong In 1949, The People’s Republic of China was established by Mao Zedong

and the Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese Communist Party “advocates the and the Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese Communist Party “advocates the public ownership of property, the annihilation of the exploiting class, and the public ownership of property, the annihilation of the exploiting class, and the establishment of proletarian, classless society in order to liberate all of establishment of proletarian, classless society in order to liberate all of humanity.”(Wu) “The Chinese Communist Party praises itself as the Party of the humanity.”(Wu) “The Chinese Communist Party praises itself as the Party of the proletarian revolution, composed of the vanguard of the worker and peasant proletarian revolution, composed of the vanguard of the worker and peasant class.”(Wu) Even though the Chinese Communist Party drove the Nationalists out class.”(Wu) Even though the Chinese Communist Party drove the Nationalists out of power, which represented the exploiting class, they felt they needed to of power, which represented the exploiting class, they felt they needed to eliminate all classes of people from the old regime. To accomplish this goal, the eliminate all classes of people from the old regime. To accomplish this goal, the Chinese Communist Party had people divided into groups based on “possession of Chinese Communist Party had people divided into groups based on “possession of land, capital, property, income, and other conditions of each individual (as well as land, capital, property, income, and other conditions of each individual (as well as the situation of their family members).”(Wu) the situation of their family members).”(Wu)

In the countryside people were either in “the landlord class, the rich In the countryside people were either in “the landlord class, the rich peasant class, the middle peasant class, or the poor peasant class.”(Wu) In the city peasant class, the middle peasant class, or the poor peasant class.”(Wu) In the city people were either in the “bureaucrat bourgeois class, the capitalist bourgeois people were either in the “bureaucrat bourgeois class, the capitalist bourgeois class, the big and petite bourgeois classes, and the worker class.”(Wu) After the class, the big and petite bourgeois classes, and the worker class.”(Wu) After the backgrounds of everyone in China was determined, those in the landlords, rich backgrounds of everyone in China was determined, those in the landlords, rich peasants, and those in the bourgeois classes were all thrown into the “Black File” peasants, and those in the bourgeois classes were all thrown into the “Black File” because they were considered a threat. All of their property was taken away and because they were considered a threat. All of their property was taken away and their working conditions were the poorest. These people and their children were their working conditions were the poorest. These people and their children were told that what they have to do for the rest of their lives was to “obey the teachings told that what they have to do for the rest of their lives was to “obey the teachings of the Part, thoroughly remold themselves, and reform their thinking.”(Wu) “They of the Part, thoroughly remold themselves, and reform their thinking.”(Wu) “They were placed last in terms of academics, employment, promotions, and political were placed last in terms of academics, employment, promotions, and political treatment.”(Wu) treatment.”(Wu)

People from the landlord and rich peasant class were beaten to death or People from the landlord and rich peasant class were beaten to death or were sent to the Laogai which was a prison and a forced labor camp. Criminals were sent to the Laogai which was a prison and a forced labor camp. Criminals were sent to the Laogai for committing crimes such as theft or murder. But in this were sent to the Laogai for committing crimes such as theft or murder. But in this case people were sent to the Laogai just because they belonged to a particular case people were sent to the Laogai just because they belonged to a particular group or class. At around 1949 there were about 10 to 15 million people belonging group or class. At around 1949 there were about 10 to 15 million people belonging to the landlord and rich peasant class in China. By the end of the 1970s only 10 to to the landlord and rich peasant class in China. By the end of the 1970s only 10 to 15 percent remained.(Wu) 15 percent remained.(Wu)

Mao Zedong Mao Zedong December 26, 1893 – September December 26, 1893 – September

9, 1976.9, 1976. lead the establishment of the lead the establishment of the

People’s Republic of China on People’s Republic of China on October 1, 1949 in BeijingOctober 1, 1949 in Beijing

In 1921 he was a founding In 1921 he was a founding member of the Chinese member of the Chinese Communist PartyCommunist Party

His most important socio-political His most important socio-political programs were the Anti-Rightist programs were the Anti-Rightist Campaign, the Great Leap Campaign, the Great Leap Forward, and the Cultural Forward, and the Cultural RevolutionRevolution

Mao as a great revolutionary Mao as a great revolutionary leader whose thought is the leader whose thought is the highest expression of Marxismhighest expression of Marxism

Said to be responsible of about 30 Said to be responsible of about 30 million deaths.million deaths.

Deng Xiaoping Deng Xiaoping August 22, 1904- February 19, 1997August 22, 1904- February 19, 1997 Deng Xiaoping took power in 1978 Deng Xiaoping took power in 1978

after Mao, focusing on economic after Mao, focusing on economic reformation which have helped his reformation which have helped his country closer to capitalism.country closer to capitalism.

served as the de facto leader of the served as the de facto leader of the People's Republic of China from the People's Republic of China from the late 1970s to the early 1990slate 1970s to the early 1990s

Under his support, China developed Under his support, China developed one of the fastest growing economies one of the fastest growing economies in the world while keeping the in the world while keeping the Communist Party of China in tight Communist Party of China in tight overall control.overall control.

Headlines Headlines China 'cross the Bay; Its Communist Conquest Need Not China 'cross the Bay; Its Communist Conquest Need Not

Be Final JOHN CHAMBERLAIN. Barron's National Be Final JOHN CHAMBERLAIN. Barron's National Business and Financial Weekly (1942-Current file). Business and Financial Weekly (1942-Current file). Boston, Mass.: Feb 9, 1953. Vol. 33, Iss. 6; p. 3 (2 pages) Boston, Mass.: Feb 9, 1953. Vol. 33, Iss. 6; p. 3 (2 pages)

Communism and Nationalism in China.Chang, C. M.. Communism and Nationalism in China.Chang, C. M.. Foreign Affairs (pre-1986). New York: Jul 1950. Vol. 28, Foreign Affairs (pre-1986). New York: Jul 1950. Vol. 28, Iss. 000004; p. 548 (17 pages)Iss. 000004; p. 548 (17 pages)

Other Side of the Truce; Must Peace in Asia Finally Lose Other Side of the Truce; Must Peace in Asia Finally Lose China to Communism? JOHN CHAMBERLAIN. Barron's China to Communism? JOHN CHAMBERLAIN. Barron's National Business and Financial Weekly (1942-Current National Business and Financial Weekly (1942-Current file). Boston, Mass.: Apr 6, 1953. Vol. 33, Iss. 14; p. 5 (2 file). Boston, Mass.: Apr 6, 1953. Vol. 33, Iss. 14; p. 5 (2 pages)pages)

Speech, quotesSpeech, quotes "But I do not think that when he spoke on July 2, 1959, he knew "But I do not think that when he spoke on July 2, 1959, he knew

how bad the disaster had become, and he believed the party was how bad the disaster had become, and he believed the party was doing everything it could to manage the situation" doing everything it could to manage the situation"

- on the great leap forward, due to the starvation and disasters - on the great leap forward, due to the starvation and disasters that was happening. that was happening.

"Although slaughter was not his purpose with the Leap, he Mao "Although slaughter was not his purpose with the Leap, he Mao was more than ready for myriad deaths to result, and hinted to his was more than ready for myriad deaths to result, and hinted to his top echelon that they should not be too shocked if they happened top echelon that they should not be too shocked if they happened

"The Chinese people love Comrade Deng Xiaoping, thank "The Chinese people love Comrade Deng Xiaoping, thank Comrade Deng Xiaoping, mourn for Comrade Deng Xiaoping, and Comrade Deng Xiaoping, mourn for Comrade Deng Xiaoping, and cherish the memory of Comrade Deng Xiaoping because he cherish the memory of Comrade Deng Xiaoping because he devoted his life-long energies to the Chinese people, performed devoted his life-long energies to the Chinese people, performed immortal feats for the independence and liberation of the Chinese immortal feats for the independence and liberation of the Chinese nation."nation."

MapsMaps

Map of China and its biggest cities. Map of China and its biggest cities.

Maps of Maps of linguistic linguistic groups. groups.

Depicts areas Depicts areas under effective under effective control of the control of the Peoples’ Peoples’ Republic in Republic in China. China.

FoodsFoods

There are many different varieties of There are many different varieties of Chinese dishes.Chinese dishes.

There was a food shortage during the There was a food shortage during the genocide that created great famine mainly genocide that created great famine mainly due to overpopulation. due to overpopulation.

Languages Spoken during Languages Spoken during

genocidegenocide China's many different ethnic groups speak many China's many different ethnic groups speak many

different languages, collectively called Zhōngguó different languages, collectively called Zhōngguó Yǔwén (Yǔwén ( 中国语文中国语文 ), literally "Speech and writing of ), literally "Speech and writing of China" which mainly span six linguistic families. China" which mainly span six linguistic families.

Standard Mandarin is the official Chinese spoken Standard Mandarin is the official Chinese spoken language used by the People's Republic of Chinalanguage used by the People's Republic of China

The phonology of Standard Mandarin is based on The phonology of Standard Mandarin is based on that of the Beijing dialect, which belongs to that of the Beijing dialect, which belongs to Mandarin, a large and very diverse group of Mandarin, a large and very diverse group of Chinese dialects spoken across northern and Chinese dialects spoken across northern and southwestern China. southwestern China.

The spoken languages of modern Chinese The spoken languages of modern Chinese nationalities belong to at least seven families:nationalities belong to at least seven families:

The Sino-Tibetan family: 29 nationalities (including the Han, The Sino-Tibetan family: 29 nationalities (including the Han, Tibetans, Zhuang, Miao(HMong), and Yao) Tibetans, Zhuang, Miao(HMong), and Yao)

The Altaic family: 17 (including the Uyghurs, Mongols, and The Altaic family: 17 (including the Uyghurs, Mongols, and Manchu)Manchu)

The Austroasiatic family: 4 (the De'ang, Blang, Gin, and Wa) The Austroasiatic family: 4 (the De'ang, Blang, Gin, and Wa)

The Tai-Kadai family: several languages are spoken by the Dai The Tai-Kadai family: several languages are spoken by the Dai people of Yunnan people of Yunnan

The Indo-European family: 2 (the Russians and Tajiks) The Indo-European family: 2 (the Russians and Tajiks)

The Austronesian family: 1 official nationality (the Gaoshan, who The Austronesian family: 1 official nationality (the Gaoshan, who speak many languages), 1 unofficial (the Utsuls, who speak the speak many languages), 1 unofficial (the Utsuls, who speak the Tsat language but are considered Hui.) Tsat language but are considered Hui.)

Language isolate: 1 (the Koreans) Language isolate: 1 (the Koreans)

Photojournalist Photojournalist Mao DunMao Dun (July 4, 1896- March 27, 1981) was the pen name of Shen Dehong, a (July 4, 1896- March 27, 1981) was the pen name of Shen Dehong, a

2020thth century Chinese novelist, cultural critic, and journalist. In 1927 he became the century Chinese novelist, cultural critic, and journalist. In 1927 he became the chief columnist of the Minguo yuebao. He wrote more than 30 editorials for this chief columnist of the Minguo yuebao. He wrote more than 30 editorials for this newspaper to criticize Chiang kai-shek, and to support revolutions. In 1949, the newspaper to criticize Chiang kai-shek, and to support revolutions. In 1949, the communist government took over and he was responsible for working as Mao communist government took over and he was responsible for working as Mao Zedong’s secretary and Culture Minister until 1964.Zedong’s secretary and Culture Minister until 1964.

Edgar SnowEdgar Snow (17 Jul 1905 in Kansas City, Missouri, 15 February 1972 in Genève (17 Jul 1905 in Kansas City, Missouri, 15 February 1972 in Genève was an American journalist known for his books and articles on Communism in was an American journalist known for his books and articles on Communism in China and the Chinese Communist revolution. He is believed to be the first China and the Chinese Communist revolution. He is believed to be the first Western journalist to interview Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong, and is Western journalist to interview Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong, and is perhaps best known for Red Star Over China (1937) an account of the Chinese perhaps best known for Red Star Over China (1937) an account of the Chinese Communist movement from its foundation until the late 1930s.Communist movement from its foundation until the late 1930s.

Anna Louise StrongAnna Louise Strong (1885 November 24-1970 March 29) was a twentieth- (1885 November 24-1970 March 29) was a twentieth-century “small C” communist American journalist. She is controversially known for century “small C” communist American journalist. She is controversially known for her coverage of, and alleged support for, communist movements in Union of Soviet her coverage of, and alleged support for, communist movements in Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the People’s Republic of China. She wrote many books Socialist Republics and the People’s Republic of China. She wrote many books about Communist countries. about Communist countries.

Role of the UNRole of the UN

The U.N was just established during The U.N was just established during communism in China.communism in China.

U.N had no role in China’s genocide. U.N had no role in China’s genocide. China is one of the 5 world powers China is one of the 5 world powers

in the U.N which included Great in the U.N which included Great Britain, United States, France, and Britain, United States, France, and the Soviet Union.the Soviet Union.

Members of UNMembers of UN The United Nations officially came into existence The United Nations officially came into existence

on 24 October 1945, when the Charter had been on 24 October 1945, when the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and a United Kingdom, the United States and a majority of other signatories. majority of other signatories.

BibliographyBibliography "China Maps." "China Maps." Maps of ChinaMaps of China. 2005. 28 Sept.-. 2005. 28 Sept.- Oct. Oct.

2006 2006 <www.maps-of-china.com>. <www.maps-of-china.com>. ““Communism Journalists." Communism Journalists." WikipediaWikipedia. 29 Oct. 2006. . 29 Oct. 2006.

03 03 Nov. Nov. 2006 <www.wikipedia.com>. 2006 <www.wikipedia.com>. "Great Leap Forward." "Great Leap Forward." WikipediaWikipedia. 2 Nov. 2006. . 2 Nov. 2006.

6 6 Oct.-Oct.- Nov. 2006 <www.wikipedia.com>.Nov. 2006 <www.wikipedia.com>. Wu, Harry. "Classicide-Genocide in Wu, Harry. "Classicide-Genocide in

Communist Communist China." China." Journal of Journal of Interdisciplinary StudiesInterdisciplinary Studies 18 ( 18 ( 2006): 121-2006): 121-135. 135. ProQuestProQuest. Shatford Library, . Shatford Library, Pasadena. 4 Nov. 2006. Keyword: genocide Pasadena. 4 Nov. 2006. Keyword: genocide and and china. china.

Symbolic EmblemSymbolic Emblem

SummarySummary In 1949, The People’s Republic of China was established by Mao Zedong In 1949, The People’s Republic of China was established by Mao Zedong

and the Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese Communist Party “advocates the and the Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese Communist Party “advocates the public ownership of property, the annihilation of the exploiting class, and the public ownership of property, the annihilation of the exploiting class, and the establishment of proletarian, classless society in order to liberate all of establishment of proletarian, classless society in order to liberate all of humanity.”(Wu) “The Chinese Communist Party praises itself as the Party of the humanity.”(Wu) “The Chinese Communist Party praises itself as the Party of the proletarian revolution, composed of the vanguard of the worker and peasant proletarian revolution, composed of the vanguard of the worker and peasant class.”(Wu) Even though the Chinese Communist Party drove the Nationalists out class.”(Wu) Even though the Chinese Communist Party drove the Nationalists out of power, which represented the exploiting class, they felt they needed to of power, which represented the exploiting class, they felt they needed to eliminate all classes of people from the old regime. To accomplish this goal, the eliminate all classes of people from the old regime. To accomplish this goal, the Chinese Communist Party had people divided into groups based on “possession of Chinese Communist Party had people divided into groups based on “possession of land, capital, property, income, and other conditions of each individual (as well as land, capital, property, income, and other conditions of each individual (as well as the situation of their family members).”(Wu) the situation of their family members).”(Wu)

In the countryside people were either in “the landlord class, the rich In the countryside people were either in “the landlord class, the rich peasant class, the middle peasant class, or the poor peasant class.”(Wu) In the peasant class, the middle peasant class, or the poor peasant class.”(Wu) In the city people were either in the “bureaucrat bourgeois class, the capitalist city people were either in the “bureaucrat bourgeois class, the capitalist bourgeois class, the big and petite bourgeois classes, and the worker class.”(Wu) bourgeois class, the big and petite bourgeois classes, and the worker class.”(Wu) After the backgrounds of everyone in China was determined, those in the After the backgrounds of everyone in China was determined, those in the landlords, rich peasants, and those in the bourgeois classes were all thrown into landlords, rich peasants, and those in the bourgeois classes were all thrown into the “Black File” because they were considered a threat. All of their property was the “Black File” because they were considered a threat. All of their property was taken away and their working conditions were the poorest. These people and taken away and their working conditions were the poorest. These people and their children were told that what they have to do for the rest of their lives was to their children were told that what they have to do for the rest of their lives was to “obey the teachings of the Part, thoroughly remold themselves, and reform their “obey the teachings of the Part, thoroughly remold themselves, and reform their thinking.”(Wu) “They were placed last in terms of academics, employment, thinking.”(Wu) “They were placed last in terms of academics, employment, promotions, and political treatment.”(Wu) promotions, and political treatment.”(Wu)

People from the landlord and rich peasant class were beaten to death or were People from the landlord and rich peasant class were beaten to death or were sent to the Laogai which was a prison and a forced labor camp. Criminals were sent to the Laogai which was a prison and a forced labor camp. Criminals were sent to the Laogai for committing crimes such as theft or murder. But in this case sent to the Laogai for committing crimes such as theft or murder. But in this case people were sent to the Laogai just because they belonged to a particular group people were sent to the Laogai just because they belonged to a particular group or class. At around 1949 there were about 10 to 15 million people belonging to or class. At around 1949 there were about 10 to 15 million people belonging to the landlord and rich peasant class in China. By the end of the 1970s only 10 to the landlord and rich peasant class in China. By the end of the 1970s only 10 to 15 percent remained.(Wu) 15 percent remained.(Wu)