genetic variability of vagetative characters of jatropha (jatropha curcas l) accesions

8/14/2019 Genetic Variability of Vagetative Characters of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L) accesions

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Genetic variability of vegetative characters ofJatropha (Jatropha curcasL.) accessions

A. Wijaya1), Susantidiana3), M. U. Harun1), H. Hawalid2),

M. Surahman4) dan B. Lakitan1)


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Introduction

Jatropha productivity isonly 5 ton seed per ha

per year

palm oil can produce

20 ton fresh fruit bundper ha per year.

Hybrid Variety

Jatropha development in Indonesia

is still controversial issues


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Introduction

Why is Hybridization ?

The hybrid variety canincrease the productivity

Jatropha does not needan application of CMSsystem.

It is easy to propagateuse vegetative method


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Introduction


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Species

Heterosis %)

Yield Plant high

Self Pollination

-Wheat 9 -3

Half cross pollination

Rape seed

Vicia faba

45

51

-1

25

Cross pollination

Maize

Sun flower

222

135

74

17

Introduction


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the related distance between parents has a high correlation to the heterosis

effect, so bigger the distance between both parents so higher the effectof heterosis.


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1. Germplasm collection

2. Identification

Morphology identificationDNA IdentificationUse RAPD method

Activity nitrate reductionEnzyme Identification

3. Parental selection

4. Crossing program

5. F1 evaluation

Yield test DNA IdentificationUse RAPD method

Activity nitrate reductionEnzyme Identification

Selected Hybrid Plant

Jatropha hybridization program


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Randomized Block Design with three replications. 15 accessions

Each treatment unit is 7.5 m x 6 m = 45 m2 (There is 4000 m2)

MATERIAL AND METHOD


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No The name

of accession

Code

accession

Note

1. Komering KMR Low land in Komering River Catch Area

2 Palembang PLG Low land Palembang

3 Jogyakarta JGY Costal area in Jogyakarta

4 Indralaya INR Swamp area in South Sumatra5 ATP 1 ATP1 The best clone is selected from 90 clones which

produced by mutation from BATAN

6 ATP 2 ATP2 The second of the best clone is selected from 90

clones which produced by mutation from BATAN

7 Pontianak PNT Low land in Borneo

8 Lahat LHT Middle land in South Sumatra

9 Pagaralam PGR High land in South Sumatra

10 Curup CRP High land in Bengkulu

11 Lampung LMP Plantation Research Center in Bogor

12 Medan MDN Low land in Medan

13 Aceh Besar ABS Midle Land in Aceh

14 Pidie PDI Low land in Aceh

15 Gorontalo GRT PT. Rajawali Nusantara 2.

MATERIAL AND METHOD


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MATERIAL AND METHOD

> the genetic and phenotypic variability of a character are broad variabilitywhen the genetic and phenotypic variance of this character are bigger thantwo times of genetic and phenotypic standard error variance.

>The genetic and phenotypic variability are narrow whenthe genetic and phenotypic variances are smaller than genetic andphenotypic standard error variance.

> The quantitative data was analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA).

The means values of the genotype were compared using Fischers LeastSignificant Difference test (LSD test)


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RESULT

Table 2. F-value and mean value of each character.

Character F Value Mean Value

Increasing of plant height 3,9027** 19,83 4,12

Increasing of stem diameter (mm) 7.8511** 113,11 26,85

Plant growth rate relative 3,0984** 0,43 0,09

Increasing of leaf number 3,2969** 70,50 15,18

Number of banch 1,282tn

2,79 1,09

Leaf chlorophyll content 4,8618** 19,83 4,12

Intensity of leaf curl (%) 11,334** 67,65 28,19

NS = Non Significant , * * highly significant difference


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RESULT

The result observation of visual performance showed that the Jatrophaaccessions had the relative similar visual performance.

The observed accessions had the five angels with pale reddish color.

The leaf color was changed to green when the leaf full developed.

The similar phenomena had found in the leaf stalk and stem color.


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RESULT

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

KMR

PLG

JGY

INR

ATP1

ATP2 PN

TLHT

PGR

CRP

LMP

MDN AB

SPD

IGRT

Accession

IncreasingofPlantHigh(cm)

aab abc

abcdabcd

abcdbcde

bcdecdef def defdef

ef ff


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RESULT

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

KMR

PLG

JGY

INR

ATP1

ATP2 PN

TLH

TPG

RCRP

LMP

MDN AB

SPD

I

GRT

Accession

LeafNumber

cd abc bcd

d

aab

cd cd

abc abcbc

ab

d

ab ab


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RESULT

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

KMR

PLG

JGY

INR

ATP1

ATP2 PN

TLHT

PGR

CRP

LMP

MDN

ABS

PDI

GRT

Accession

Branc

hNumber


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RESULT

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

KMR

P

LG

J

GY INR

ATP

1

ATP

2

P

NT

L

HT

PGR

CRP

LMP

M

DN

A

BS PDI

G

RT

Accessions

PlantGrowthRateRelative

de

ee

decde

bcd

cdecde cde

abc

cde

ab aabc abc


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RESULT

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

KMR

PLG

JGY

INR

ATP1

ATP2 PN

TLH

TPG

RCRP

LMP

MDN AB

SPD

I

GRT

Accession

LeafC

rulIntensity(%)

a

ab

ab

cd

ab

ab ab ab ab bc

a ab

f

de

ef


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RESULT

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

KMR

PLG

JGY

INR

ATP1

ATP2

PNT

LHT

PGR

CRP

LMP

MDN AB

SPD

I

GRT

Accession

Chloro

phyllContent de ef

abcd cd

bc

effg fg fg g

cd

a

cd cd


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RESULT

Table 3. The phenotific variability of observed characters

Observed character Phenotific

variability

2 x standard

error

Phenotific

variability

Criteria

Increassing of plant high 16,98 8,24 Broad

Increassing of stem diameter (mm) 742,17 53,71 Broad

Plant growth rate relative 11,73 29,62 NarrowLeaf number 1170,56 67,70 Broad

Stem number 0,0038 0,19 Narrow

Chlorophyll leaf content 219,28 30,36 Broad

The leaf curl diases intensity 1,18 2,18 Narrow

Increassing of plant high 13,63 7,15 Broad

Increassing of stem diameter (mm) 1081,07 56,37 Broad


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CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION

1. The results indicated that the evaluated Jatropha accessions have significant

deference of the quantitative characters but there is no deference of the

qualitative characters.

2. The accessions that were evaluated were a potential breeding material according

to the broad genetic variability of important traits such as diseases tolerant and

plant growth trait.

3. The accessions from Aceh Besar and Gorontalo have superior traits such as

dieses tolerant and plant growth trait comparing to the other accessions.

genetic variability of vagetative characters of jatropha (jatropha curcas l) accesions

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