A look at the world todayA look at the world today

Genetic Genetic EngineeringEngineering

OverviewOverview

Introduction to Genetic Introduction to Genetic EngineeringEngineering

Applications Applications Safety and Ethical IssuesSafety and Ethical Issues Branches of Science Branches of Science Uses of this technology by Uses of this technology by professionsprofessions

Universities/ Courses/ Universities/ Courses/ RequirementsRequirements

What is Genetic What is Genetic Engineering?Engineering?

DirectlyDirectly manipulating/altering the manipulating/altering the structure and structure and characteristics of genes characteristics of genes using molecular cloning & using molecular cloning & transformationtransformation

Different from “normal” Different from “normal” breeding – genes breeding – genes manipulated manipulated indirectlyindirectly

Agricultural Agricultural ApplicationsApplications

Goes back 100 years Goes back 100 years Today, scientist use Today, scientist use recombinant DNA technologyrecombinant DNA technology

First food made by First food made by recombinant DNA technology – recombinant DNA technology – Flavr Savr Tomatoes (1994)Flavr Savr Tomatoes (1994)

60% of foods are genetically 60% of foods are genetically modifiedmodified

Solution to world hungerSolution to world hunger

Human & Medical Human & Medical ApplicationsApplications

Production of InsulinProduction of Insulin Genetic Screening/TestingGenetic Screening/Testing Gene TherapyGene Therapy Production of experimental Production of experimental mice, oncomouse (cancer mice, oncomouse (cancer mouse)mouse)

VaccineVaccine

Cloning and Stem Cloning and Stem CellsCells

Clone created from one cell – Clone created from one cell – not sex cell not sex cell

Cloning – process of creating Cloning – process of creating an identical copy of an an identical copy of an original (Example: Identical original (Example: Identical Twins)Twins)

Stem cells (master cells) can Stem cells (master cells) can develop into any tissue develop into any tissue

Cure their own disease or Cure their own disease or build new organs – NO build new organs – NO REJECTIONREJECTION

Ethics Involving Genetic Engineering

Ethical issues concerning human beings and animals

- Are we playing God? - Religions beliefs- Creates new viruses - Designer Babies

Genetic Engineering and Plants

- Effects on our Environment

- Long run effects on environment

Ethics Involving Genetic Engineering

Branches of sciences needed to study the

technology GeneticsGenetics MedicineMedicine Biology/ChemistryBiology/Chemistry BiochemistryBiochemistry MicrobiologyMicrobiology Chemical EngineeringChemical Engineering

What professions use What professions use this technology?this technology?

Microbiologist Laboratory technician Research assistant Lecturer or professor Chief Executive Officer of a biotech company

Postdoctoral research associate Genetic Engineer Research Scientist

Biotechnologist

SummarySummary Genetic engineering is direct Genetic engineering is direct manipulation of an organism’s manipulation of an organism’s genesgenes

Most common uses of genetic Most common uses of genetic engineering are in medicine engineering are in medicine

A very controversial topic A very controversial topic considering the ethical issuesconsidering the ethical issues

Variety of sciences are Variety of sciences are incorporated into this engineering incorporated into this engineering

Many professions use this Many professions use this technologytechnology

Reference ListReference ListCareer Details for Biotechnologist. (n.d.). December 14, 2008, Career Details for Biotechnologist. (n.d.). December 14, 2008,

<http://careercruising.com/Careers/JobDetails.aspx?LoginID=53770d7f-cddd-449d-<http://careercruising.com/Careers/JobDetails.aspx?LoginID=53770d7f-cddd-449d-970d-8cb29415fa18-&OccNumber=603&Language=English>.970d-8cb29415fa18-&OccNumber=603&Language=English>.

Engdahl, Sylvia, ed. Engdahl, Sylvia, ed. Genetic EngineeringGenetic Engineering. Bonnie Szumski, 2006.. Bonnie Szumski, 2006.

"Genetic Engineering" "Genetic Engineering" Encyclopedia BritannicaEncyclopedia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopedia Britannica Online . 2008. Encyclopedia Britannica Online Library Edition. 13 Dec. 2008.Library Edition. 13 Dec. 2008.

““Genetic Engineering." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 12 Dec. 2008, Genetic Engineering." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 12 Dec. 2008, <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/genetic_engineering#genetic_engineering>.<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/genetic_engineering#genetic_engineering>.

Genetic Engineering Research Scientist Job Description, Career as a Genetic Genetic Engineering Research Scientist Job Description, Career as a Genetic Engineering Research Scientist, Salary, Employment - Definition and Nature of the Engineering Research Scientist, Salary, Employment - Definition and Nature of the Work, Education and Training Requirements, Getting the Job. December 14, 2008, Work, Education and Training Requirements, Getting the Job. December 14, 2008,

<http://careers.stateuniversity.com/pages/402/Genetic-Engineering-Research-<http://careers.stateuniversity.com/pages/402/Genetic-Engineering-Research-Scientist.html>.Scientist.html>.

Heaf, D. (2004, January 25). Becoming a Genetic Engineer. December 14, 2008, Heaf, D. (2004, January 25). Becoming a Genetic Engineer. December 14, 2008,

<http://www.ifgene.org/gecareer.htm.>"Human's Playground: Genetic Engineering." <http://www.ifgene.org/gecareer.htm.>"Human's Playground: Genetic Engineering." Think quest. 11 Dec. 2008 Think quest. 11 Dec. 2008 <http://library.thinkquest.org/04apr/00774/en/txt/uses_medicine.html>.<http://library.thinkquest.org/04apr/00774/en/txt/uses_medicine.html>.

MacDonald Glenn, Linda. "Bio Med Law." 13 Dec. 2008,MacDonald Glenn, Linda. "Bio Med Law." 13 Dec. 2008,

<http://www.biomedlaw.com./bioethics.php>.<http://www.biomedlaw.com./bioethics.php>.

MacDonald Glenn, Linda. "Ethical Issues in Genetic Engineering and Transgenic." MacDonald Glenn, Linda. "Ethical Issues in Genetic Engineering and Transgenic." Actionbioscience.orgActionbioscience.org. American Institute of Biological Sciences. 13 Dec. 2008 . American Institute of Biological Sciences. 13 Dec. 2008 <http://www.actionbioscience.org/biotech/glenn.html>.<http://www.actionbioscience.org/biotech/glenn.html>.

McLeish, Ewan. McLeish, Ewan. Genetic RevolutionGenetic Revolution. New York: Stargazer Books, 2006.. New York: Stargazer Books, 2006.

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Your Thoughts Your Thoughts on...on...

GENETIC ENGINEERING and its uses in our everyday lives considering everything that was discussed in the presentation!