Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women in the Context of

the Implementation of the Millennium Development Goals

2010 High-level Segment

Economic and Social Council

New York, 28 June – 2 July

Annual Ministerial Review : Nacional Voluntary Presentation

GUATEMALA

Guatemala: an unequal and diverse country

• Population: 14.4 million

o 51.2% women, 48.8% men

o 38.4% indigenous, 61.6% non-indigenous

• Post Conflict and Democracy:

o 36 years of armed conflict (1960-1996)

o 1985: First civilian government elected

o 1996: Signing of Peace Agreements

• Human Development Index: ranks 118 (0,689)

• Gini Coefficient for Income Distribution: 0.55

• One of the most vulnerable countries in terms of Climate Change

Status of women in Guatemala

Situation of systematical

disadvantages for women

Social

Poverty exclusion

Ethnic Discrimination

Geographical exclusion

Cultural

Economic

Political

Gender relatioships

Exclusion and

discrimination

Trends in selected indicators, Millennium Goals Situation of Women 1990-2010

Source: National Epidemiology Center, Ministry of Health

Gender Gaps Target 6A: Have halted by 2015 and

begun to reverse the spread of HIV / AIDS

Source: INE-ENCOVI, 2006

Gender GapsTarget 1B: Achieve full and productive

employment and decent work for all, including women and young people

Gender GapsTarget 1B: Achieve full and productive

employment and decent work for all, including women and young people

Intra-gender GapsGoal 5: Improve maternal health

Source: National Epidemiology Center, Ministry of Health, 2008

Income / Population Ratio: Employed persons between the ages of 15 and 65

by sex and ethnic identity

Source: ENCOVI, 2006

Sustained increase of women meeting violent deaths

Harassment

Prolonged abuse

Psychological pressure

Physical and sexual violence

Femicide

Social Indifference

Limited institutional response capacity

Four decades of internal armed conflict

A total of 4,602 cases of women meeting violent deaths are registered between 2001 to 2009 Source: PNC, 2007.

Decision-Making

Participation in Local Government

2007 Elections: 6 of 333 mayoralties / municipal councils (1.8%)

235 representation in municipal corporations (5.84%)

Participation in Departmental Development Councils (CODEDE)

2009: 190 women / 861 men

53 indigenous women / 137 non indigenous women

Percentage of Women with a seat in Congress

1986: 7% 2008: 12% (19 non-indigenous, 4 indigenous)

Source: TSE, 2007, Segeplan, 2010

Beijing Declaration

(1995)

Peace Agreements(1996)

National Women’s Forum

(1997)

Millennium Development Goals (MDG)

(2000)

Social Development Law

(2001)

National Policy for the Advancement and Integral

Development of Guatemalan Women

(2001)

Institutional Framework-Presidential Secretariat

for Women

MDG and SectoralProgrammes linked with gender policy and MDG.

50% of policies include guidelines and actions to promote gender and ethnic equality.

Advances for Women’s Equality

Links between the National Policy for the Advancement and Integral Development of

Women and the MDG’s

Pillars of the National Policy for the Advancement and Integral Development of Women

MDG

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Economic development X X

Natural resources X

Educational equity X X

Health equity X X X

Erradication of violence against women X X

Legal equity X

Racism and discrimination X

Cultural Development X X

Equity in employment X X X

Institutional mechanisms X X

Sociopolitical participation X

Cultural identity of Maya, Garífuna and Xinka women X X

Links between MDG reports and policy making

COST – EFFECTIVE VARIABLES /MDG Report 2006 GOVERNMENTAL PROGRAMMES

Children with access to GROWTH MONITORING “Mi familia progresa” conditionalcash transfer

Nutrition and Food Security

Reproductive Health

Mothers with access to the BREASTFEEDING Programmes

Pregnant women with access to PRENATAL CARE

Mothers with access to POST-NATAL CARE

Households with well or tap (access to PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY)

“Agua Fuente de Paz”

Water and Drainage for Human Development Households with LATRINE (access to wastepipe)

Access to HEALTH-CARE SERVICES, clinics, health-care centers and hospitals

Reinstatement of free public services, provision of ambulances, 24-hour care

Access to SCHOOLS Reinstatement of free public services, loans, grants,scholarshipsPrimary school students receiving ACADEMIC INCENTIVES

Parents’ educational level (+parental illiteracy-children’s education)

Free of charge Literacy

Households with ELECTRICITY Electric Supply for Rural Areas

Lessons Learned

Alliances between women’s organizations and public institutions

Alliances between women and other marginalized groups.

State-initiated action benefiting women creates new opportunities for participation.

Pemanent female representation in local governments and territories.

The pace of progress is extremely slow for Guatemala to achieve the MDG’s and gender equity.

•The adverse economic climate

•Historical reluctance to increase the country’s tax rate.

More efficient and effective management of development on behalf of the State

• Improve actions of public policies to achieve gender empowerment.

•To strengthen the planning system at both territorial and sectoral levels.

• To mainstream women’s rights into the public policy agenda, the legal and institutional framework, the organizational culture and administrative practices.

Continuing the efforts of alignment, harmonization and appropriation in the area of international cooperation.

Improving transparency, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms.

Challenges for the Country

Effects of Guatemala’s disaster vulnerability on the achivement of MDG’s and gender equity

Secretariat for Planning and Programming

Republic of Guatemala

–Segeplan-

www.segeplan.gob.gt