gender compendium of bangladesh 2009

8/3/2019 Gender Compendium of Bangladesh 2009

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Facts and Figuresof

Gender Compendium of Bangladesh 2009(In Shortcut)

December 2009

Capacity Building of BBS ProjectBangladesh Bureau of Statistics


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Table of Contents

Serial Topic PageForeword

Preface

LimitationsTable of ContentsAcronyms

At A GlanceChapter 1: Household and Demography1.01 Household and Family

1.02 Population

1.03 Marriage and Nuptiality1.04 Socio-economic Status

Chapter 2: Health and Nutrition2.01 Mortality

2.02 Nutrition Status

2.03 Morbidity and Mortality Causes2.04 Health ServicesChapter 3: Education3.01 Access to Education and Training Services

3.02 Input to Education Services

3.03 Government Intervention3.04 Enrolment Ratio in Education

Chapter 4: Womens Participation in Mainstream Economic Activities4.01 Size of Labour Force

4.02 Labour Force Participation Rate4.03 Employment

4.04 Wage rate

4.05 Access to Productive ResourcesChapter 5: Womens Political and Social Empowerment5.01 Political and Administrative

5.02 Social5.03 Violence Against Women

Chapter 6: Social Protection and continued Vulnerabilities6.01 Childhood

6.02 Adolescent6.03 Adults

6.04 Old-ageChapter 7: Policies and Interventions

7.01 Policies7.02 Subsidies

7.03 Social MobilizationConcluding Remarks

Appendices:Appendix-1: Updates of MDG IndicatorsAppendix-2: Rules and regulations related to women empowerment

Appendix-3: Concepts and References


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AcronymsAIDS : Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

BANBEIS : Bangladesh Bureau of Educational Information and Statistics

BBS : Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

BGMEA : Bangladesh Garments Manufacturer and Exporters Association

CDR : Crude Death RateCMNS : Child and Mother Nutrition Survey

CBN : Cost of Basic Need

CPR : Contraceptive Prevalence Rate

DCI : Direct Calorie Intake

DGHS : Director General of Health Services

DGF : Vulnerable Group Feeding

DHS : Demography and Health Survey

DoE : Department of Environment

DPE : Directorate of Primary Education

EC : Election Commission

FFW : Food for Work Programme

HAZ : Height- for- Age z-score

HCR : Head Count Rate

HDI : Human Development Index

HIES : Household Income and Expenditure Survey

HIV : Human Immunodeficiency Virus

H/Q : Head Quarters

IMR : Infant Mortality Rate

kcal : Kilocalorie

LFS : Labour Force Survey

MDG : Millennium Development Goals

MICS : Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

MMR : Maternal Mortality Rate

MUAC : Mid-Upper Arm Circumference

NER : Net Enrolment RateNGO : Non-governmental Organization

NIPORT : National Institute of Population Research and Training

PESP : Primary Education Stipend Programme

PNMR : Post Neo-natal Mortality Rate

PPP : Purchasing Power Parity

PRSP : Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper

SAARC : South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

SVRS : ample Vital registration

TB : Tuberculosis

H5MR : Under 5 Mortality Rate

UN : United Nations

UNDP : United Nations Development ProgrammeVGD : Vulnerable Group Feeding

WHO : World Health Organization

WAZ : Weight-for-Age z-score

WHZ : Weight-for-Height z-score

WMS : Welfare Monitoring Survey

BBS : Bangladesh bureau of statistics

BD : Bangladesh

Gov : Government


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(Gender Dimensions of MDGs, PRSPs and Beijing Platform for Action )

Base Year Current YearKey

Area

Outcome/Impact Indicator Source Gender

Year Value Year Value

Target

Year(2015)

1. Household (HH) and Socio -Demographic1.01 Absolute Poverty by DCI Methods

Household (HH) below poverty line(2122 kcal per capita per head) bygender of head of HH (%)

HIES,BBS

FemaleMaleBoth

198919891991

44.547.847.5

200020002005

49.144.040.4 23.8

1.02 Hard Core Poverty by DCI Method-HH below poverty line (1805 kcal)by gender of head of HH (%)

HIES,BBS

FemaleMaleBoth

198919891991

32.027.728.0

200020002005

26.419.619.5 14.0

1.03 Incidence of poverty by CBNMethod- using upper poverty line

Head Count Ratio by gender

HIES,BBS

FemaleMale

Both

20002000

1991

47.249.0

56.6

20052005

2005

29.540.8

40.0 28.31.04 Incidence of poverty by CBN

Method-using lower poverty Line:Head Count Ratio by gender

HIES,BBS

FemaleMaleBoth

200020001991

35.434.241.0

200520052005

21.925.425.1 20.5

1.05 Poverty gap ratio (%) HIES,BBS

UpperLower

20002000

12.87.5

20052005

9.04.6

8.5

1.06 Share of poorest quintiles innational consumption (%)

HIES,BBS

Both 1991 6.5 2005 4.5 5.0

1.07 Poverty severity index(Squared Poverty Gap)

HIES,BBS

Upperlower

20002000

4.62.4

20052005

2.91.3

1.08 Proportion of population belowminimum level dietary energy

consumption (


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Base Year Current YearKeyArea



TargetYear

(2015)2.04 Total fertility rate SVRS Female 1991 4.24 2008 2.30 2.10

2.05 Proportion of 1 year old childimmunized against measles

MICSDGHS

GirlsBoys

19911991

53.454.5

20062006

86.588.5

100100

2.06 Proportion of birth attended byskilled health personnel

DGHS/MICS

Both 1991 7.0 2009 24.4 50.0

2.07 Contraceptive prevalence rate NIPORT Couple 1991 39.9 2007 55.8 100.0

2.08 Adolescent birth rate per 1000women

BBS Adolescent 1991 77 2007 59 43

2.09 Antenatal care coverage(At least one visit)

NIPORT Pregnantwomen

1993 27.5 2007 39.6 100

2.10 Antenatal care coverage(At least four visits)

NIPORT Pregnantwomen

1993 5.5 2007 20.6 100

2.11 Unmet need for family planning NIPORT Couple 1993 19.4 2007 17.6 0

2.12 HIV prevalence among high risk

group (%)

DGHS Both 1991 0.005 2007 0.66 Halting

2.13 Condom use rate (%) NIPORT Male 2007 4.5 1002.14 Proportion of population aged 15-

24 years with comprehensive andcorrect knowledge of HIV/AIDS (%)

MICSBBS

FemaleMale

20092009

8.017.9

2.15 Prevalence of Malaria per 100,000population

DGHS Both 2000 43 2007 58.6 22Halting

2.16 Death rates associated withMalaria (Per 100,000 pop.)

DGHS Both 2000 0.37 2008 0.11

2.17 Prevalence of TB(Per 100,000 population)

DGHS Both 1990 264 2007 225 209Halting

Death rates associated with TB

(Per 100,000 population)

DGHS Both 1990 76 2007 45 Sustain2.18

TB Cure rate (%) DGHS Both 1994 73 2007 91.5 Sustain

2.19 Achieve, by 2010 universal accessto treatment for HIV/ AIDS for allwho need it (%)

DGHS Both 2007 0.5

2.20 Prevalence of stunting for childrenunder 5 years

CMNSBBS

GirlsBoys

19901990

65.965.6

20052005

45.347.1

33.0

2.21 Prevalence of wasting in childrenunder moderately and severelyunder weight

CMNSBBS

GirlsBoys

19901990

13.815.3

20052005

14.514.4

2.22 Percentage of children undermoderately and severely under

weight

CMNSBBS

GirlsBoys

19901990

67.864.8

20052005

39.040.3

3. Education3.01 Net enrolment rate in primary

education by genderDPE Girls

Boys19911991

54.260.5

20072007

94.787.8

100100

3.02 Proportion of pupil enrolled ingrade I and reached grade VI bygender

DPE/MICS

GirlsBoys

19911991

41.440.0

20092009

81.070.7

100100

3.03 Adult literacy by gender WMS/Census

FemaleMale

19911991

25.844.3

20092009

48.961.7

100100


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TargetYear

(2015)BBS

3.04 Literacy rates of people aged 15-24years by gender

WMS/Census

BBS

FemaleMale

19911991

37.9951.73

20092009

71.773.2

100100

3.05 Ratio of girls to boys (Gender parityindex = girls/boys)

DPE/BANBEIS/BBS

PrimarySecondaryTertiary

199119911991

0.830.520.37

200920092009

1.031.170.80

1.01.01.0

3.06 Primary cycle completion rate bygender

DPE GirlsBoys

20022002

64.963.0

20072007

41.649.0

3.07 Secondary cycle completion rateby gender

BANBEIS GirlsBoys

19991999

38.531.7

20052005

16.723.5

3.08 Completion rate at Dakhil Madrasa BANBEIS GirlsBoys

19991999

46.670.4

20052005

17.930.7

3.09 Ratio of literate women to men ofage 20-24 (%)

BBS F/M 1991 64.9 2009 95.6

3.10 Repetition rate in primaryeducation by gender

DPE GirlsBoys

20022002

11.110.7

20072007

11.210.7

3.11 Gross enrolment rate by gender(secondary)

BANBEIS GirlsBoys

20012001

46.243.1

20052005

47.242.7

3.12 Gross enrolment rate by gender(Dakhil)

BANBEIS GirlsBoys

20012001

8.78.7

20052005

9.79.2

3.13 Literacy rate of population (Age 7+)by gender

BBS FemaleMale

19911991

25.538.9

20092009

50.658.9

100100

PrimaryFemale 2002 36.9 2007 45.1

DPE

Male 2002 38.2 2007 51.1

SecondaryFemale 2001 86.02 2006 77.50BANBEIS

Male 2001 79.73 2006 70.18

Higher S.Female 1999 39.2 2006 31.0

3.14 Dropout Rate

BANBEIS

Male 1999 40.4 2006 29.54. Participation in mainstream economic activities4.01 Sex ratio of paid employee LFS,

BBSF/M 1990 142 2005 398

4.02 Sex ratio of self-employed oremployer

LFS,BBS

F/M 1990 599 2005 1008

4.03 Share of women in wageemployment in agriculture sector

LFSBBS

Female 1990 45.5 2005 66.54

4.04 Share of women in wageemployment in non-agriculturesector

BBSLFSBBS

Female 1990 19.1 2005 14.6

4.05 Net employment rate by gender LFSBBS

FemaleMale

19891989

41.4 20052005

93.096.7

4.06 Labour force participation rate LFS Female 1999 23.9 2005 29.2


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TargetYear

(2015)(Refined) by gender BBS Male 1999 84.0 2005 86.8

4.07 Unemployment rate LFSBBS

FemaleMale

19991999

7.83.4

20052005

7.043.35

4.08 Share of self-employed to totalemployed

LFSBBS

FemaleMale

19991999

26.651.4

20052005

15.8650.04

4.09 Proportion of own account andcontributing workers in totalemployment

WMS,BBS

FemaleMale

19991999

34.16.4

20092009

73.835.8

4.10 Graduation rate in micro-creditprogram

GBS-NSU

FemaleMale

20032003

59.440.6

4.11 Ratio of poor households coveredthrough micro-credit by gender ofhead of HH

BBS FemaleMale

20052005

1549

4.12 Wage rate by gender for Non-agriculture worker

BBS FemaleMale

20092009

161172

4.13 Wage rate by gender for agricultureworker

BBS FemaleMale

20092009

107148

4.14 Employment in garments industryby gender

BGMEA FemaleMale

20012001

7525

20072007

8515

5. Political and social empowerment5.01 Average number of hours per week

spent on housework and care offamily members

LFS,BBS

FemaleMale

2002 2944

20052005

2652

5.02 Proportion of national and locallevel elected person

EC FemaleMale

20082008

3070

5.03 Percentage seats in the parliament EC FemaleMale

19911991

10.389.7

20082008

23.1876.82

5050

5.04 Percentage of seats in the localgovernment

EC FemaleMale

20082008

0.599.5

5.05 Percentage of women in decisionmaking positions in public sector

MoE FemaleMale

19991999

8.5491.46

20082008

18.082.0

5.06 Percentage of women in first classgovernment service

MoE FemaleMale

20052005

9.690.4

20072007

11.688.4

5.07 Recipient of Remittance by gender(%)

HIES FemaleMale

30.969.1

5.08 Proportion of female and maleheaded households with own

house (a) beneficiary

BBS FemaleMale

20072007

30.6169.39

5.09 Proportion of female and maleheaded households with 0wnhouse (b) non-beneficiary

BBS FemaleMale

20072007

18.1281.88

5.10 Percentage of women in the barcouncil

BarCouncil

FemaleMale

20082008

9.490.6

5.11 Percentage of women in thecooperative society

Direct.Coop

FemaleMale

20072007

15.684.4

5.12 Percentage of women in class-II MoE Female 2006 8.4


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TargetYear

(2015)government service Male 2006 91.6

6. Social protection and continued vu lnerabilities6.01 Percentage of female/male headed

households below poverty lineswith housing facilities

BBS Upper

Lower

2005

2005

86.2

72.3

6.02 Spousal violence against evermarried women of age 15-54(%)

DHS Sexual

Any form ofphysical/sexualBothphysical &sexual

2006

2006

2006

9.4

60.0

75.0

6.03 Proportion of female/male headedhh with housing facilities

WMS,BBS

FemaleMale

2009 0.14

6.04 Households under safety netprogramme by sex of hh head

HIES,BBS

FemaleMale

20052005

30.669.4

6.05 Violence against women (No) PoliceH/Q

RapedAcid-thro-ughSeriously-injuredOthers

20022002

2002

2002

3702214

1079

11346

20072007

2007

2007

3345147

676

9084

6.06 Anti-trafficking measure (No) PoliceH/Q

Cases-institutedCases-

DisposedCases-Pending

2001

2001

2001

125

17

108

2005

2005

2005

164

109

55

6.07 Safety net programmeBeneficiary(%)

BBS PESPVGDDGFFFWOld AgeWidowed/divorcedRetarded/disable

FSSGratuity&test reliefFF- RMP

200720072007200720072007

2007

20072007

2007

18.915.715.59.016.99.1

10.4

2.11.3

0.9

6.08 Women participation in HHdecision making

BBS MotherHusbandJointly

200520052005

5.842.337.2

200920092009

9.329.860.9

* There exists definitional change in this estimateAs per suggestion time series data are appended along with laws and policies of women development in the compendium.


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Chapter 1: Household and Demography

Table-1.01: Incidence of Poverty by Gender and Locality (DCI Method)

1988-89 2000 2005Poverty Level/ Locality Female-

headed

Male-

headed

Female-

headed

Male-

headed

Female-

headed

Male-

headed

MDGTarget

( 2015)Absolute Poverty Line:

RuralUrban

47.542.349.0

47.847.947.6

47.753.3

41.052.4

29.5 44.0 23.8

Hard-Core Poverty line:RuralUrban

32.033.035.7

27.728.526.2

54.627.7

18.424.4

26.4 19.6 14.0

Data Source: HIES, BBS

Table-1.02: Incidence of Poverty by Locali ty Over Time (CBN Method)

Poverty Level/ Locality 1991-92 1995-96 2000 2005 Target-2015

Upper Poverty line:RuralUrban

58.742.7

54.527.8

52.335.2

43.828.4

28.3

Lower Poverty Line:RuralUrban

43.723.6

39.413.7

37.920.0

28.614.6

20.5

Data source: SIES, BBS

Table-1.03: Expectation of Life at Birth (ex0 ) and unde5 5 Mortality Rate by Gender (1991-2008)

Expectation of Life at Birth (ex0) by GenderYear

Both Sex Male Female Male-FemaleU5MR MMR CDR

1991-Base year 56.1 56.5 55.7 (+) 0.8 148 4.72 11.2

1992 56.3 56.8 55.9 146 4.68 11.01993 57.9 58.2 57.7 142 4.52 10.0

1994 58.0 58.2 57.9 137 4.49 9.31995 58.7 58.4 58.1 128 4.47 8.7

1996 58.9 59.1 58.6 120 4.44 8.2

1997 60.1 60.3 59.7 115 3.50 5.51998 61.5 61.7 61.2 111 3.23 5.1

1999 62.7 63.0 62.4 89 3.20 5.1

2000 63.6 63.7 63.5 86 3.18 4.9

2001 64.2 64.0 64.5 84 3.15 4.82002 64.9 64.5 65.4 78 3.91 5.1

2003 64.9 64.3 65.4 82 3.76 5.9

2004 65.1 64.4 65.7 79 3.65 5.82005 65.2 64.4 65.8 70 3.48 5.8

2006 66.5 65.4 67.8 65 3.37 5.6

2007 66.6 65.5 67.9 62 3.51 6.22008-Current Year 66.8 65.6 68.0 (-)2.4 55 3.48 6.0

2015-Target Year 48 1.44Data Source: :SVRS, BBS


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Table-1.04: Differentials in Expectation of Life at Birth (ex0 ) among SAARC Countr ies , 2007

Expectation of Life at Birth (ex0)Name of Country Year

Female Male

Afghanistan 2007 43.5 43.6

Bangladesh 2007 67.9 65.4

Bhutan 2007 67.6 64.0India 2007 64.9 62.0

Maldives 2007 72.7 69.7

Nepal 2007 66.9 65.6Pakistan 2007 66.5 65.9

Sri Lanka 2007 77.9 70.3Data Source: Human Development Report 2009

Chapter 2: Health and Nutrition

Table-2.01: Infant Mortality Rates by Gender, 1991-2008

Infant Mortality RatesYear

Both Sex Male FemaleNMR PNMR U5MR

1991-Base year 92 95 90 64 27 148

1992 88 90 86 62 26 146

1993 84 86 82 59 25 1421994 77 77 76 55 22 137

1995 71 73 70 52 19 128

1996 67 68 67 50 18 120

1997 60 61 59 40 20 1151998 57 58 56 38 19 111

1999 59 61 57 39 19 89

2000 58 59 57 39 18 862001 56 58 55 39 17 84

2002 53 54 52 36 17 78

2003 53 55 51 36 17 822004 52 57 47 36 17 79

2005 50 52 47 33 16 70

2006 45 47 43 31 14 65

2007 43 44 41 29 13 622008-Current Yr 41 42 40 31 10 55

2015-Target Yr 31 48Data Source: SVRS, BBSAnnual rate of reduct ion of IMR achieved during 1991-2008 = 0.046%

Annual rate of reduction of IMR targeted during 1991-2015 = 0.044%Thus, actual performance is satisfactory.Annual rate of reduction of U5MR achieved during 1991-2008 = 0.057%Annual rate of reduction of U5MR targeted during 1991-2015 = 0.046%Thus, actual performance is satisfactory


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Table-2.02: Maternal Mortality Rates by Gender, 1991-2008

Maternal Mortality RatesYear

National Rural UrbanSkilled BA

Antenatalcare-One

Antenatalcare-Four

1991-Base year 4.72 4.84 4.02 5.0

1992 4.68 4.80 3.98

1993 4.52 4.68 3.91 27.5 5.51994 4.49 4.60 3.85

1995 4.47 4.52 3.80

1996 4.44 4.50 3.751997 3.50 3.78 3.08

1998 3.23 3.36 2.85

1999 3.20 3.33 2.632000 3.18 3.29 2.61

2001 3.15 3.26 2.58

2002 3.91 4.17 2.732003 3.76 4.02 2.70

2004 3.65 3.87 2.53

2005 3.48 3.58 2.752006 3.37 3.75 1.96 18.02007 3.51 3.86 2.19 20 39.6 20.6

2008-Current Year 3.48 3.93 2.42

2015-Target Year 1.44 50 100 100Data Source: :SVRS, BBS

Table-2.03: Prevalence (%) of malnour ished


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Chapter 3: Education Chapter

Table-3.01: Adul t Literacy of Population of 15 Years and Over by Gender, 1991-2008

Adult Literacy of Population of 15 Years and Over by GenderYear

Both sexes Female Male1991 37.2 43.3 25.8

1995 45.3 55.6 38.1

1997 51.2 59.4 42.2

1998 52.6 59.4 42.51999 52.7 60.7 42.8

2000 52.8 61.0 43.2

2001 47.5 53.9 40.82002 49.6 55.5 43.4

2003 50.3 56.3 44.2

2004 51.6 57.2 45.82005 53.5 58.3 48.6

2006 53.7 58.5 48.82007 58.3 63.1 53.5

2008 59.1 63.4 54.7Target-2015 100 100 100Data Source: SVRS, BBS

Table-3.02: Gross and Net Enrolment Rate in Primary Education by Gender

Gross Enrolment Rate by Gender Net Enrolment Rate by GenderYear Source

Both Sexes Girls Boys Both Sexes Girls Boys2002 BBS 106.8 104.5 107.7 85.5 85.6 85.4

2003 BBS 106.9 104.8 107.9 82.0 82.6 81.4

2004 BBS 104.8 102.3 106.2 85.7 86.4 85.12005 DPE 101.5 99.2 102.1 87.2 90.1 84.6

2006 DPE 101.0 98.6 101.6 90.9 94.5 87.6

2007 DPE 102.1 1002 102.0 91.1 94.7 87.82008 BBS 102.6 97.9 100.8 80.8 81.3 80.3

Table-3.03: Differentials in Adu lt Literacy of Population Age 15 Years and Above Among SAARC Count ries, 2007

Adult Literacy of Population Aged 15 + YearsName of Country Year

Female Male



Bhutan 2007 38.7 65.0India 2007 54.5 76.9

Maldives 2007 97.1 97.0Nepal 2007 43.6 70.3

Pakistan 2007 39.6 67.7



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Table-3.04: Differentials in Combined Gross Enrolment Ratio in Education Among SAARC Countr ies, 2007

Combined Gross Enrolment Ratio in EducationName of Country Year

Female Male



Bhutan 2007 53.7 54.6India 2007 57.4 64.3

Maldives 2007 71.4 71.3

Nepal 2007 58.1 63.4Pakistan 2007 34.4 43.9


Chapter 4: Womens Participation in Mainstream Economic Activities

Table-4.3: Differentials in Estimated Earned Income in US $ by Gender among SAARC Countries, 2007

Earned Income by Gender in SAARC CountriesName of Country Year Female Male

Afghanistan 2007 442 1845Bangladesh 2007 830 1633

Bhutan 2007 2636 6817

India 2007 1304 4102Maldives 2007 3597 6714

Nepal 2007 794 1309

Pakistan 2007 760 4135Sri Lanka 2007 3064 5450

Data Source: Human Development Report 2009

Chapter 5: Womens Poli tical and Social Empowerment

Table-5.1: Womens Participation in Civil Administration (%)

1999 2006Designation

Men Women Men Women

Secretary 98.0 2.0 98.4 1.6Additional Secretary 98.2 1.8 100.0 0.0

Joint Secretary 98,5 1.5 93.2 6.8

Deputy Secretary 98.9 1.1 88.3 11.7

Senior Assistant Secretary 91.0 9.0 84.3 15.7Assistant Secretary 85.7 14.3 77.3 22.7

Total 91.5 8.5 85.0 15.00Data Source: Human Development Report 2009


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Table-5.3: Differentials in Gender Related Development Index (GDI) among SAARC Count ries

Name of Country Year GDI GDI Rank HDI GDI Rank

Afghanistan 2007 88.0 154 0Bangladesh 2007 98.7 123 0

Bhutan 2007 97.7 113 -1

India 2007 97.1 114 0Maldives 2007 99.5 77 1

Nepal 2007 98.4 119 2

Pakistan 2007 93.0 124 -5Sri Lanka 2007 99.6 83 2

Data Source: Human Development Report 2009

Chapter 6: Social Protection and Continued Vulnerabilities

Table-6.1: Cases Reported Viol ence Against Women Oppression,2002-2007

Year Rape Acid throwing Seriously injured Others TotalTotal 19039 1087 5400 56288 81870

2002 3702 214 1079 11346 17153

2003 4118 207 1209 12853 183372004 2865 191 663 8023 11643

2005 2556 183 568 7561 10871

2006 2453 145 1205 7421 106222007 3345 147 676 9084 13244

Data Source: Police Head Quarter, Ministry of Home, 2008

Table-6.2: Number of Disposal Cases Relating to Trafficking in Women

Cases Ended in Nature of ConvictionPeriod Disposed by

Conviction Acquitted Death Life term Other terms1. National monitoring Committee 67 61 3 83 282004-2006

2. Direct Monitoring Committee 10 50 1 11 4

1. National monitoring Committee 25 21 3 30 62006-20072. Direct Monitoring Committee 6 31 1 4 1

Data Source: Ministry of Women and Children Affairs

gender compendium of bangladesh 2009

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