gender budgeting and pay equity. the direct way to equal sharing of responsibilities dr. brigitte...
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Gender Budgeting and Pay Equity. The direct way to equal sharing of responsibilities
Dr. Brigitte SchneggUniversity of Bern, Switzerland
Gender Budget
Equal Pay Equal Responsibility in Care Giving
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Gender Budget
To talk about Gender Budgets means to talk about gender equality in terms of money.
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
“… anyone genuinely interested in strengthening women’s rights and promoting gender equality must be prepared to take a close look at finance and public spending in order to shed some light on the question of how much of it goes to women and girls, and how much to men and boys. What real impact does the income and expenditure of the State have on gender equality and how do changes in spending policy affect the distribution of paid and unpaid work? Are men and women equally affected or is there a difference?”
Micheline Calmy Rey, Foreign Minister of Switzerland
Gender Budget
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Gender Budget
2002 and 2003 the Swiss Canton of Basel has carried out a detailed and innovative gender budget analysis exploring state expenditure and state revenues (taxes and public charges).
Example
http://www.frauenrat-bs.ch/genderbudget/ gender_publ_liste.php
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Gender Budget
Up to the age of 75, state benefits per female inhabitant are lower than those per male inhabitant
From the age of 75 onwards per capita expenditure increases considerably more strongly for women than for men
Results In the Canton of Basel, men receive approx. 15% more state benefits on average than women
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Gender BudgetContrary to expectations average health costs in the age of 75+ are not higher for the female population than for the male population
Higher state benefits for women 75+ are due to welfare expenses; as a consequence of lacking care provisioning at home, women stay at nursing homes more frequently.
Explanations
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Pay Equity
„It‘s not fair. Women doing the same job I‘m doing in this office are being paid more than I am.“
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Pay Equity
1868 equal access to the labor marketequal pay for equal work
2009 the pay gap continues to exist
25 % in the private sector18 % in the public sector
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Pay Equity
Women compared to men earn less because of unequal positions:
- underrepresented in leading management positions
- overrepresented in low income sectors
- of lower education and less professional qualification
- of less job-experience
60 % of unequal pay
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Pay Equity 40 % of unequal pay
Women compared to men earn less because of gender discrimination
- unequal classification of jobs in gender- segregated labour market
- unequal evaluation of professional performance of men and women
- unequal pay for equal work: no further explanation
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Equal Responsibilityin Care Giving
Care belongs to the fundamental needs of human beings and is crucial for human well-being.
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Equal Responsibility in Care Giving
Its importance and its value are underestimated…
... because care is
- largely done as unpaid work
- largely done by women
Equal Responsibility in Care Giving
A Study on “The Political and Social Economy of Care” carried out for UNRISD at the Interdisciplinary Centre for Gender Studies of University of Berne by Mascha Madörin and Nadja Baghdadi gives in care economy data for Switzerland.
The results will be accessible in a few months on the UNRISD website:
http://www.unrisd.org
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Equal Responsibility in Care Giving Facts and Figures on Care (Data from Switzerland)
Value of unpaid care work corresponds to 64% of GDP
Volume of unpaid work outnumbers volume of paid work by 20%
Men are doing 2/3 of paid work, Women 2/3 of the unpaid work
Division of labour between men and women also in unpaid work
Very high overall workload for households with children
Increased Gender imbalance between paid an unpaid work in households with children
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Conclusions
Gender budgeting, pay equity and shared responsibilities in care giving are closely interdependent
→ Women’s higher care responsibilities affect access to equal pay
→ Unequal pay leads to higher shares of women in care work
→ Gender imbalanced budgets tend to increase unpaid workloads
We need strategies taking simultaneously into account equal sharing of responsibilities in care giving, pay equity
and gender responsive budgeting
New York, March 3rd 2009 Dr. Brigitte Schnegg – [email protected]
Thank you for your attention
Dr. Brigitte SchneggUniversity of Bern, [email protected]