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TG/11/1 Tarikh : 05 Mei 2009 Date : 05 May 2009
GARIS PANDUAN KEBANGSAAN UNTUK MENJALANKAN UJIAN
KELAINAN, KESERAGAMAN DAN KESTABILAN
NATIONAL GUIDELINES
FOR THE CONDUCT OF TESTS
FOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY
Nama Lain: Alternative Names:
Nama Botani Botanical Name
Nama Tempatan Local Name
Nama Biasa Common Name
Oryza sativa L. Padi Padi
Rice, Paddy
JABATAN PERTANIAN MALAYSIA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE MALAYSIA
MEI 2009 MAY 2009
PADI RICE
(Oryza sativa L.)
i
JADUAL KANDUNGAN TABLE OF CONTENT
HLM. PAGE
1.0 SUBJEK GARIS PANDUAN UJIAN SUBJECT OF THESE TEST GUIDELINES
1
2.0 BAHAN YANG DIPERLUKAN MATERIAL REQUIRED
1
3.0 KAEDAH PEMERIKSAAN METHOD OF EXAMINATION
3.1 Bilangan Kitaran Pertumbuhan Number of Growing Cycles
2
3.2 Tempat Ujian Testing Place
2
3.3 Keadaan bagi Menjalankan Pemeriksaan Conditions for Conducting the Examination
3
3.4 Reka Bentuk Ujian Test Design
4
3.5 Bilangan Pokok/ Bahagian Pokok untuk Diperiksa Number of Plants / Parts of Plants to be Examined
4
3.6 Ujian Tambahan Additional Tests
4
4.0 PENILAIAN KELAINAN, KESERAGAMAN DAN KESTABILAN ASSESSMENT OF DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY
4.1 Kelainan Distinctness
5
4.2 Keseragaman Uniformity
6
4.3 Kestabilan Stability
7
5.0
PENGELOMPOKAN VARIETI DAN PERANCANGAN & PELAKSANAAN UJIAN PENANAMAN GROUPING OF VARIETIES AND ORGANIZATION OF THE GROWING TRIAL
7
6.0 PENGENALAN KEPADA JADUAL CIRI INTRODUCTION TO THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS
6.1 Kategori Ciri Categories of Characteristics
8
6.2 Tahap Ekspresi dan Catatan yang Berkaitan States of Expression and Corresponding Notes
9
6.3 Jenis Ekspresi Types of Expression
9
6.4 Varieti Contoh Example Varieties
9
ii
6.5 Petunjuk Legend
10
7.0 PENJELASAN JADUAL CIRI EXPLANATIONS ON THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS
10
8.0 JADUAL CIRI TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS
18
9.0 RUJUKAN LITERATURE
50
10.0 BORANG SOAL SELIDIK TEKNIKAL TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
51
11.0 PENGHARGAAN ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
60
1
1.0 SUBJEK GARIS PANDUAN UJIAN SUBJECT OF THESE TEST GUIDELINES
Garis panduan ini digunakan bagi semua varieti Oryza sativa L.
These Test Guidelines apply to all varieties of Oryza sativa L.
2.0 BAHAN YANG DIPERLUKAN MATERIAL REQUIRED
2.1. Pihak yang kompeten memutuskan kuantiti dan kualiti bahan tanaman yang diperlukan bagi pengujian varieti serta bila dan di mana bahan tanaman itu perlu dihantar. Pemohon yang menyerahkan bahan dari Negeri selain negeri di mana ujian dijalankan mestilah memastikan semua formaliti kastam dan keperluan fitosanitari telah dipatuhi. The competent authority decides on the quantity and quality of the plant
material required for testing the variety and when and where it is to be delivered.
Applicants submitting material from a State other than that in which the testing takes
place must ensure that all customs formalities and phytosanitary requirements are
complied with.
2.2 Bahan perlulah dibekalkan dalam bentuk biji benih. The material is to be supplied in the form of seed.
2.3. Kuantiti minimum bahan tanaman untuk dibekalkan oleh pemohon, seharusnya
The minimum quantity of plant material, to be supplied by the applicant, should
be:
2.3.1 Umum General
2 kg
2.3.2 Varieti Hibrid Hybrid varieties
Jika diminta, 2 kg lagi biji benih bagi setiap komponen seharusnya diserahkan.
If requested, an additional 2 kg of seed of each component should be submitted. 2.3.3 Bulir Panicles
Jika diminta oleh pihak berkuasa yang cekap, sekurang-kurangnya 100 bulir seharusnya juga diserahkan. Bulir seharusnya terbentuk baik dan jelas tidak terjejas oleh apa-apa perosak atau penyakit. Bulir seharusnya mengandungi bilangan biji benih sihat dan mencukupi untuk membentuk baris tumbuhan yang sesuai bagi pemerhatian.
2
If requested by the competent authority, at least 100 panicles should also be
submitted. The panicles should be well developed and not obviously affected by any pest or disease.
They should contain a sufficient number of viable seeds to establish a satisfactory row of plants for
observation.
2.4 Biji benih seharusnya memenuhi keperluan minimum bagi percambahan seperti yang dinyatakan dalam dokumen MS Standard MS: 469:1993, ketulenan spesies dan secara analisis, kesihatan dan kandungan lembapan, yang ditentukan oleh pihak yang kompeten. Dalam kes apabila biji benih akan disimpan, keupayaan percambahan seharusnya setinggi yang mungkin dan seharusnya dinyatakan oleh pemohon. The seed should meet the minimum requirements for germination as stated in document
of MS Standard MS: 469:1993, species and analytical purity, health and moisture content,
specified by the competent authority. In cases where the seed is to be stored, the germination
capacity should be as high as possible and should be stated by the applicant.
2.5. Biji benih yang dibekalkan seharusnya kelihatan sihat, cergas dan tiada kesan kerosakan akibat daripada mana- mana perosak atau penyakit yang berbahaya. The seed supplied should be visibly healthy, not lacking in vigour, nor affected by
any important pest or disease.
2.6 Biji benih tidak seharusnya melalui apa-apa rawatan yang mungkin menjejaskan ekspresi ciri varieti, melainkan pihak yang kompeten membenarkan atau meminta rawatan itu dilakukan. Sekiranya biji benih telah dirawat, butir-butir penuh tentang rawatan mestilah diberikan.
The seed should not have undergone any treatment which would affect the expression of
the characteristics of the variety, unless the competent authority allows or requests such
treatment. If it has been treated, full details of the treatment must be given.
3.0 KAEDAH PEMERIKSAAN METHOD OF EXAMINATION
3.1 Bilangan Kitaran Pertumbuhan Number of Growing Cycles
Tempoh minimum bagi ujian seharusnya dua kitaran pertumbuhan.
The minimum duration of tests should normally be two independent growing
cycles.
3.2 Tempat Ujian Testing Place
Biasanya ujian dijalankan di satu tempat. Jika ujian dijalankan di lebih daripada satu tempat, garis panduan diberi dalam dokumen UPOV TGP/9: Examining Distinctness.
Tests are normally conducted at one place. In the case of tests conducted at more
than one place, guidance is provided in UPOV document TGP/9: Examining
3
Distinctness.
3.3. Keadaan bagi Menjalankan Pemeriksaan Conditions for Conducting the Examination
3.3.1 Ujian seharusnya dijalankan di bawah keadaan yang memastikan pertumbuhan adalah memuaskan bagi ekspresi ciri varieti yang berkaitan dan bagi pemeriksaan yang dijalankan.
The tests should be carried out under conditions ensuring satisfactory growth for
the expression of the relevant characteristics of the variety and for the conduct of the
examination.
3.3.2 Peringkat tumbesaran bagi penilaian Stage of development for the assessment
Peringkat tumbesaran yang optimum bagi penilaian setiap ciri ditunjukkan oleh huruf/nombor dalam kolum kedua Jadual Ciri. Peringkat tumbesaran yang ditandakan oleh setiap huruf/nombor diperihalkan dalam Bab 7.0.
The optimal stage of development for the assessment of each characteristic is indicated
by a letter/number in the second column of the Table of Characteristics. The stages of
development denoted by each letter/number are described at Chapter 7.0.
3.3.3 Jenis pemerhatian Type of observation
Kaedah pemerhatian ciri yang disyorkan diberikan oleh petunjuk berikut dalam kolum kedua Jadual Ciri.
The recommended method of observing the characteristic is indicated by the following
key in the second column of the Table of Characteristics:
MG: satu pengukuran ke atas sekumpulan tanaman atau bahagian tanaman single measurement of a group of plants or parts of plants
MS: pengukuran beberapa tanaman atau bahagian tanaman secara individu measurement of a number of individual plants or parts of plants
VG: penilaian visual dengan satu pemerhatian ke atas sekumpulan tanaman atau
bahagian tanaman visual assessment by a single observation of a group of plants or parts of plants
VS: penilaian visual dengan memerhati setiap tanaman atau bahagian tanaman visual assessment by observation of individual plants or parts of plants
4
3.4. Reka Bentuk Ujian Test Design
3.4.1 Setiap ujian seharusnya direka bagi menghasilkan jumlah sekurang-kurangnya 1500 tanaman yang seharusnya dibahagikan kepada dua replikasi atau lebih. Each test should be designed to result in a total of, at least 1500 plants, which should be
devided between two or more replicates.
Bulir sebaris: Jika ujian ke atas barisan bulir dijalankan, sekurang-kurangnya 50 baris bulir seharusnya diperhatikan. Single panicle-rows: If tests on panicle-rows are conducted, at least 50 panicle-rows
should be observed.
3.4.2 Reka bentuk ujian seharusnya sebegitu rupa supaya tanaman atau bahagian tanaman boleh diasingkan untuk diukur atau dikira tanpa menjejaskan pemerhatian yang selanjutnya. The design of the tests should be such that plants or parts of plants may be removed for
measurement or counting without prejudice to the observation which must be made up to the end
of the growing cycle.
3.5. Bilangan Pokok / Bahagian Pokok untuk Diperiksa Number of Plants / Parts of Plants to be Examined
Kecuali dinyatakan sebaliknya, semua pemerhatian mestilah dibuat pada 20 tanaman atau bahagian tanaman yang diambil setiap satu daripada 20 tanaman.
Unless otherwise indicated, all observations should be made on 20 plants or parts taken
from each of 20 plants.
3.6. Ujian Tambahan Additional Tests
Ujian tambahan, untuk memeriksa ciri berkaitan, boleh diperiksa bila atau di mana perlu seperti yang berikut: Additional tests, for examining relevant characteristics, may be examined when/ where
necessary as follows:
(a) Kerintangan terhadap penyakit karah - ciri 61 Resistance to blast - characteristics 61
(b) Kerintangan terhadap PMV - ciri 62 Resistance to PMV - characteristics 62
(c) Kerintangan terhadap benah perang - ciri 63
Resistance to brown plant hopper - characteristics 63
5
(d) Kerintangan terhadap hawar upih - ciri 64 Resistance to sheath blight – characteristics 64
(e) Kerintangan terhadap hawar daun bakteria - ciri 65
Resistance to bacteria leaf blight - characteristics 65
4.0 PENILAIAN KELAINAN, KESERAGAMAN DAN KESTABILAN ASSESSMENT OF DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY
4.1. Kelainan Distinctness
4.1.1 Syor Umum General Recommendations
Amat penting bagi pengguna Garis Panduan Ujian ini untuk merujuk Dokumen UPOV TGP 1/3: General Introduction sebelum membuat keputusan berkenaan dengan kelainan. Walau bagaimanapun, perkara berikut diberikan bagi huraian lebih lanjut atau penekanan dalam Garis Panduan ini.
It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to consult the UPOV
document TGP 1/3: General Introduction prior to making decisions regarding distinctness.
However, the following points are provided for elaboration or emphasis in these Test Guidelines.
4.1.2 Perbezaan yang Konsisten Consistent Differences
Sekiranya perbezaan yang diperhatikan antara varieti amat jelas, satu kitaran pertumbuhan adalah mencukupi. Selain itu, dalam sesetengah keadaan sekiranya tidak terdapat perbezaan yang jelas yang mungkin disebabkan oleh faktor persekitaran, lebih daripada satu kitaran pertumbuhan diperlukan untuk memberikan kepastian bahawa perbezaan yang diperhatikan antara varieti supaya cukup konsisten. Satu cara untuk memastikan perbezaan dalam satu ciri yang diperhatikan dalam satu ujian penanaman cukup konsisten adalah dengan memeriksa ciri pada sekurang-kurangnya dua kitaran pertumbuhan yang bebas.
The differences observed between varieties may be so clear that more than one growing
cycle is not necessary. In addition, in some circumstances, the influence of the environment is not
such that more than a single growing cycle is required to provide assurance that the differences
observed between varieties are sufficiently consistent. One means of ensuring that a difference in
a characteristic, observed in a growing trial, is sufficiently consistent is to examine the
characteristic in at least two independent growing cycles.
4.1.3 Perbezaan Jelas Clear Differences
Menentukan sama ada sesuatu perbezaan antara dua varieti adalah jelas atau tidak bergantung pada banyak faktor, dan seharusnya mengambil kira terutamanya jenis ekspresi ciri yang diperiksa, iaitu sama ada ciri itu diekspresikan dalam cara kualitatif, kuantitatif, atau pseudokualitatif. Justeru itu, penting bagi pengguna Garis
6
Panduan Ujian ini untuk mengetahui syor yang terkandung dalam Dokumen UPOV TGP 1/3: General Introduction sebelum membuat keputusan berkenaan dengan kelainan.
Determining whether a difference between two varieties is clear depends on many
factors, and should consider, in particular, the type of expression of the characteristic being
examined, i.e. whether it is expressed in a qualitative, quantitative, or pseudo-qualitative
manner. Therefore, it is important that users of these Test Guidelines are familiar with the
recommendations contained in the UPOV document TGP 1/3: General Introduction prior to
making decisions regarding distinctness.
4.2 Keseragaman Uniformity
4.2.1 Amat penting bagi pengguna Garis Panduan Ujian ini untuk merujuk Dokumen UPOV TGP 1/3: General Introduction sebelum membuat keputusan berkenaan dengan keseragaman. Walau bagaimanapun, perkara berikut diberikan sebagai huraian lebih lanjut atau penekanan dalam Garis Panduan ini. It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to consult the UPOV
document TGP 1/3: General Introduction prior to making decisions regarding uniformity.
However, the following points are provided for elaboration or emphasis in these Test
Guidelines.
4.2.2 Varieti terdebunga sendiri Self- pollinated varieties
(a) Petak: Bagi penilaian keseragaman ciri pada petak secara keseluruhan, piawai populasi sebanyak 1 % dan kebarangkalian penerimaan sekurang-kurangnya 95% seharusnya digunakan. Dalam kes saiz sampel 1,500 tumbuhan, bilangan maksimum jenis ganjil dibenarkan ialah 4.
Plots: For the assessment of uniformity of characteristics on the plot as a whole, a
population standard of 0.1% with an acceptance probability of at least 95% should be applied. In the
case of a sample size of 1,500 plants the maximum number of off-types allowed would be 4.
(b) Bulir sebaris: Bagi penilaiaan keseragaman ciri pada bulir sebaris, tumbuhan atau bahan tumbuhan, piawai populasi sebanyak 1 % dan kebarangkalian penerimaan sekurang- kurangnya 95% seharusnya digunakan. Dalam kes saiz sampel 50 baris bulir, bilangan maksimum jenis aberan yang dibenarkan seharusnya tidak lebih daripada 2.
Single panicle-rows: For the assessment of uniformity of characteristics on single
panicle-rows, plants or parts of plants, a population standard of 1% with an acceptance probability
of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample size of 50 panicle rows, the maximum
number of aberrant panicle-rows should not exceed 2.
4.2.3 Varieti Hibrid Hybrid Varieties
Bagi penilaian keseragaman hibrid sehala, piawai populasi sebanyak 1 % dan kebarangkalian penerimaan sekurang-kurangnya 95% seharusnya digunakan. Dalam
7
kes saiz sampel 1,500 tumbuhan, bilangan maksimum jenis ganjil yang dibenarkan ialah 39.
For the assessment of uniformity of single hybrids, a population standard of % with an
acceptance probability of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample size of 1500
plants the maximum number of off- types allowed would be 39.
4.3 Kestabilan Stability
4.3.1 Secara praktikalnya, ujian kestabilan adalah jarang dijalankan bagi menghasilkan keputusan yang begitu pasti seperti keputusan ujian kelainan dan keseragaman. Namun begitu, pengalaman menunjukkan bahawa bagi kebanyakan jenis varieti, apabila sesuatu varieti terbukti seragam, ia boleh dianggap sebagai stabil. In practice, it is not usual to perform tests of stability that produce results as certain as
those of the testing of distinctness and uniformity. However, experience has demonstrated that, for
many types of variety, when a variety has been shown to be uniform, it can also be considered to
be stable.
4.3.2 Apabila sesuai atau jika terdapat keraguan, kestabilan boleh diuji, sama ada dengan menanam generasi selanjutnya, atau dengan menguji stok biji benih yang baru untuk memastikan tanaman itu menunjukkan ciri yang sama seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh bahan yang dibekalkan sebelumnya.
Where appropriate, or in cases of doubt, stability may be tested, either by growing a
further generation, or by testing a new seed stock to ensure that it exhibits the same characteristics
as those shown by the previous material supplied.
5.0 PENGELOMPOKAN VARIETI DAN PERANCANGAN & PELAKSANAAN UJIAN PENANAMAN
GROUPING OF VARIETIES AND ORGANIZATION OF THE GROWING TRIAL
5.1 Pemilihan varieti yang diketahui umum untuk ditanam dalam ujian bersama-sama varieti calon dan cara varieti ini dibahagikan kepada kelompok bagi memudahkan penilaian kelainan, dibantu oleh penggunaan ciri pengelompokan. The selection of varieties of common knowledge to be grown in the trial with the candidate
varieties and the way in which these varieties are divided into groups to facilitate the assessment
of distinctness are aided by the use of grouping characteristics.
5.2 Ciri pengelompokan ialah ciri yang keadaan ekspresinya telah didokumenkan walaupun dihasilkan di lokasi berlainan, boleh digunakan sama ada secara berasingan atau secara gabungan dengan ciri lain: Grouping characteristics are those in which the documented states of expression, even
where produced at different locations, can be used, either individually or in combination with
other such characteristics:
8
(a) untuk memilih varieti yang diketahui umum yang boleh dikecualikan dalam ujian penanaman yang digunakan bagi memeriksa kelainan; dan to select varieties of common knowledge that can be excluded from the growing trial used
for examination of distinctness; and
(b) untuk mengaturkan ujian penanaman supaya varieti yang serupa dikelompokkan bersama. to organize the growing trial so that similar varieties are grouped together.
5.3 Yang berikut telah dipersetujui sebagai ciri pengelompokan yang sesuai:
The following have been agreed as useful grouping characteristics:
(a) Daun: pewarnaan antosianin pada aurikel (ciri 9) Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of auricles (characteristic 9)
(b) Masa berbunga (50% tumbuhan mempunyai bunga) (ciri 19) Time of heading (50% of plants with heads) (characteristic 19)
(c) Varieti tak melata sahaja: Batang: panjang (tidak termasuk bulir) (ciri 26) Non-prostrate varieties only: Stem: length (excluding panicle) (characteristic 26)
(d) Padi ternyah koteks: panjang (ciri 53)
Decorticated grain: length (characteristic 53)
(e) Padi ternyah koteks: warna (ciri 56) Decorticated grain: colour (characteristic 56)
(f) Padi ternyah koteks: aroma (ciri 60) Decorticated grain: aroma (characteristic 60)
5.4 Garis panduan bagi penggunaan ciri pengelompokan, dalam proses memeriksa kelainan, diberi dalam Dokumen UPOV TGP 1/3: General Introduction.
Guidance for the use of grouping characteristics, in the process of examining distinctness,
is provided through the UPOV document TGP 1/3: General Introduction.
6.0 PENGENALAN KEPADA JADUAL CIRI INTRODUCTION TO THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS
6.1 Kategori Ciri Categories of Characteristics
6.1.1 Ciri Garis Panduan Ujian Nasional National Test Guidelines Characteristics
Ciri Garis Panduan Ujian Nasional ini merupakan ciri yang diubahsuai daripada Garis Panduan Ujian Piawai UPOV bagi pemeriksaan DUS.
9
National Test Guidelines characteristics are those which are adopted from UPOV
Standard Test Guidelines for examination of DUS.
6.1.2 Ciri Bertanda Asterisk Asterisked Characteristics
Ciri bertanda asterisk ditandakan dengan (*) ialah ciri yang termasuk dalam
Garis Panduan Ujian yang merupakan ciri penting bagi penyelarasan deskripsi varieti pada peringkat antarabangsa dan seharusnya selalu diperiksa untuk DUS, dan dimasukkan dalam deskripsi varieti, kecuali apabila keadaan ekspresi ciri yang sebelumnya atau keadaan persekitaran kawasan menjadikannya tidak sesuai.
Asterisked characteristics (denoted by *) are those included in the Test Guidelines which
are important for the international harmonization of variety descriptions and should always be
examined for DUS and included in the variety description, except when the state of expression
of a preceding characteristic or regional environmental conditions render this inappropriate.
6.2 Tahap Ekpresi dan Catatan yang Berkaitan States of Expression and Corresponding Notes
Tahap ekspresi diberi bagi setiap ciri untuk menjelaskan ciri dan untuk menyelaraskan deskripsi. Setiap tahap ekspresi diperuntukkan catatan berangka yang sepadan bagi memudahkan merekod data dan bagi penerbitan serta pertukaran deskripsi.
States of expression are given for each characteristic to define the characteristic and to
harmonize descriptions. Each state of expression is allocated a corresponding numerical note for
ease of recording of data and for the production and exchange of the description.
6.3 Jenis Ekspresi Types of Expression
Penerangan tentang jenis ekspresi ciri (kualitatif, kuantitatif dan pseudokualitatif) diberi dalam Dokumen UPOV TGP 1/3: General Introduction.
An explanation of the types of expression of characteristics (qualitative, quantitative and
pseudo-qualitative) is provided in the UPOV document TGP 1/3: General Introduction.
6.4 Varieti Contoh Example Varieties
Di mana sesuai, varieti contoh diberi untuk menjelaskan keadaan ekspresi setiap ciri.
Where appropriate, example varieties are provided to clarify the states of expression of
each characteristic.
6.5 Petunjuk Legend
10
(*) Ciri bertanda asterisk – lihat Bab 6.1.2 Asterisked characteristic – see Chapter 6.1.2
QL Ciri kualitatif – lihat Bab 6.3 Qualitative characteristic – see Chapter 6.3 QN Ciri kuantitatif – lihat Bab 6.3 Quantitative characteristic – see Chapter 6.3 PQ Ciri pseudokualitatif – lihat Bab 6.3 Pseudo-Qualitative characteristic – see Chapter 6.3
MG: lihat bahagian 3.3.3 see section 3.3.3
MS: lihat bahagian 3.3.3 see section 3.3.3
VG: lihat bahagian 3.3.3 see section 3.3.3
VS: lihat bahagian 3.3.3 see section 3.3.3
(00) – (99) & (T1) – (T9) Lihat Penjelasan meliputi beberapa ciri dalam Bab 7.0. See Explanations Ccvering Several Characteristics in Chapter 7.0.
(+) Lihat Penerangan bagi setiap ciri dalam Bab 8.0. See Explanations For Individual Characteristics in Chapter 8.0.
U Nombor rujukan bagi ciri dalam garis panduan UPOV Reference number of characteristics in UPOV test guidelines
7.0 PENJELASAN JADUAL CIRI EXPLANATIONS ON THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS
Penerangan meliputi beberapa ciri Explanations covering several characteristics
Ciri yang mengandungi petunjuk berikut dalam lajur kedua Jadual Ciri seharusnya diperiksa seperti yang diberikan di bawah ini:
Characteristics containing the following key in the second column of the Table of Characteristics
should be examined as indicated below:
11
09 Daun betul-betul pada hujung
koleoptil
Leaf just at coleoptile tip
Pertumbuhan anak benih
Seedling growth
10 Daun pertama menembusi
koleoptil
First leaf through coleoptile
}
} 1 Daun kedua kelihatan (kurang daripada 1
cm)
Second leaf visible (less than 1 cm)
11 Daun pertama terbuka (1)
First leaf unfolded (1)
}
12 2 daun terbuka
2 leaves unfolded
}
* Dihasilkan semula daripada EUCARPIA Buletin No. 7, hlm. 49-52, dengan kebenaran
pengarang. Untuk maklumat lanjut, rujuk J.C. Chang dan C.F.Konzak, EUCARPIA Buletin
No. 7, 1974, hlm. 42-52.
Reproduces from EUCARPIA Bulletin No. 7, 1974, pages 49-52, with the kind permission of the
authors. For further information, see J.C. Chang and C.F. Konzak, EUCARPIA Bulletin No. 7,
1974, pages 42-52.
12
Kod 2
Digit
2-digit
Code
Keterangan Umum
General Description
Skala
Feekes
Feekes'
Scale
Catatan Tambahan tentang Gandum, Barli,
Rai, Oat dan Padi
Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley, Rye,
Oats and Rice
45 Padi bunting bengkak
Boots swollen }
Peringkat bunting lewat
Late-boot stage
46
47 Upih daun bulir terbuka
Flag leaf sheath opening }
48 }
49 Jejanggut pertama kelihatan
First awns visible } 10.1
Dalam bentuk berjejanggut sahaja
In awned forms only
}
Kemunculan jambak bunga
Inflorescence emergence }
}
50}
Spikelet pertama jambak bunga
baru sahaja kelihatan } N}
N= tanaman tak segerak
N= non-synchronous crops
51}
First spikelet of inflorescence just
visible} S}
S= tanaman segera
S= synchronous crops
52 } } N
}
¼ jambak bunga muncul
¼ of inflorescence emerged }
10.2
53 } } S
54 } } N
}
½ jambak bunga muncul
¼ of inflorescence emerged }
10.3
55 } } S
56 } N
} ¾ jambak bunga muncul
¾ of inflorescence emerged}
10.4
57 } } S
58 } N
Kemunculan jambak bunga
Emergence of inflorescence }
10.5
59 } selesai
completed}
S
Antesis
Anthesis
60}
Permulaan antesis
Beginning of anthesis}
N
} } 10.51
13
Kod 2
Digit
2-digit
Code
Keterangan Umum
General Description
Skala
Feekes
Feekes'
Scale
Catatan Tambahan tentang Gandum, Barli,
Rai, Oat dan Padi
Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley, Rye,
Oats and Rice
61 } } S Tidak mudah boleh dikesan dalam barli.
Pada padi: selalunya serta-merta
62 selepas pembungaan
Not easily detectable in barley.
In rice: usually immediately
following heading
63
64 } } N
} Antesis separuh jalan
Anthesis half-way
} 10.52
65 } } S
66
67
68 } } N
} Antesis selesai
Anthesis complete
} 10.53
69 } } S
Pembentukan enceran
Milk development
70
71 Karopsis berair apabila masak
Caryopsis watery ripe
10.54
72
73 Enceran awal
early milk }
74 }
75 Enceran pertengahan } 11.1 } Peningkatan pepejal ketara dalam
Medium milk } } cecair endosperma apabila kariopsis
} } dihancurkan dengan jari
Increase in solids of liquid endosperm
notable when crushing the caryopsis
76 between fingers
77 Enceran lewat
Late milk }
78
79
Pembentukan doh
Dough development
80
81
82
83 Doh awal
Early dough }
Kesan kuku tak bertahan
Fingernail impression not held.
84 }
14
Kod 2
Digit
2-digit
Code
Keterangan Umum
General Description
Skala
Feekes
Feekes'
Scale
Catatan Tambahan tentang Gandum, Barli,
Rai, Oat dan Padi
Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley, Rye,
Oats and Rice
85 Doh lembut
Soft dough}
11.2
86 }
87 Doh keras
Hard dough}
88 Kesan kuku bertahan, jambak bunga
kehilangan klorofil
Fingernail impression held, inflorescence
losing chlorophyll
89
Kemasakan
Ripening
90 Pada padi: spikelet hujung sudah masak
In rice: Terminal spikelets ripened
91 Kariopsis keras (sukar nak
dibahagi dengan kuku ibu jari)
(3)
Caryopsis hard (difficult to divide
by thumbnail) (3)
11.3
Pada padi: 50% spikelet sudah masak
In rice: 50% of spikelets ripened
92 Kariopsis keras (tidak lagi boleh
dilekukkan dengan ibu jari) (4)
Caryopsis hard (can no longer be
dented by thumbnail) (4)
11.4 Pada padi: lebih daripada 90% spikelet
sudah masak (5)
In rice: Over 90% spikelets ripened (5)
93 Kariopsis terlerai pada siang hari
Caryopsis loosening in daytime
Risiko padi hilang kerana luruh
Risk of grain loss by shedding
94 Ranum, jerami mati dan tumbang
Over-ripe, straw dead and
collapsing
95 Biji benih dorman
Seed dormant
96 Biji benih sihat menghasilkan
50% percambahan
Viable seed giving 50% germination
97 Biji benih tak dorman
Seed not dormant
98 Kedormanan sekunder teraruh
Secondary dormancy induced
99 Kedormanan sekunder lenyap
Secondary dormancy lost
15
Kod 2
Digit
2-digit
Code
Keterangan Umum
General Description
Skala
Feekes
Feekes'
Scale
Catatan Tambahan tentang Gandum, Barli,
Rai, Oat dan Padi
Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley, Rye,
Oats and Rice
Pengubahan dan Mendapatkan
Semula (padi sahaja)
Transplanting and recovery (rice
only)
T1 Mencabut anak benih
Uprooting of seedling
T2
T3 Pengakaran
Rooting
T4 T5
T6
T7 Mendapatkan semula pucuk
Recovery of shoots
T8
T9 Bermula semula pertumbuhan
vegetatif
Resumtion of vegetative growth
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Kemasakan untuk mesin penuai kombin (kandungan air <16%)
Ripeness for combine harvester (<16% water content)
Masa optimum untuk menuai
Optimum harvest time
Catatan tentang Jadual
Notes on the table
Peringkat inokulasi anak benih dengan inokulan karat di rumah tanaman/ hijau
Stage of seedling inoculation with the rust in the greenhouse
Hanya boleh digunakan bagi bijirin dengan tabiat pertumbuhan awal melata atau separa
melata.
Only application to cereals with a prostrate or semi-prostrate early growth habit
Kemasakan untuk bahan penambat (kandungan air kira-kira 16%). Sebahagian besar klorofil
jambak bunga lenyap.
Ripeness for binder (ca. 16% water content). Chlorophyll of inflorescence largely lost.
16
8.0 JADUAL CIRI TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
1. (+) QN
U: (1)
VS
(10)
Koleoptil: pewarnaan antosianin Coleoptile: anthocyanin coloration
tiada atau amat lemah absent or very weak
lemah weak
kuat strong
1
2
3
Tamb.(1): Koleoptil: pewarnaan antosianin Ad.(1): Coleoptile: anthocyanin coloration
Biji tak dorman diletak di atas kertas turas lembap dan ditutup dengan penutup piring petri semasa percambahan. Selepas koleoptil mencapai panjang lebih kurang 5 mm di bawah kegelapan, koleoptil diletak di bawah cahaya buatan (setara dengan cahaya siang) pada 750-1250 luks secara berterusan selama 3 hingga 4 hari, pada suhu 25 hingga 30 oC. Warna koleoptil diperhatikan apabila sudah terbentuk sepenuhnya pada peringkat 09-11 (lebih kurang 6 hingga 7 hari).
Non-dormant grains are placed on moistened filter paper and covered with a petri-dish lid during germination.
After the coleoptiles have reached a length of about 5 mm in darkness they are placed in artificial light (daylight
equivalent) at 750-1250 lux continuously for 3 to 4 days, at a temperature of 25 to 30 oC. The colour of the
coleoptiles is observed when they are fully developed at stage 09-11 (about 6 to 7 days).
2.
PQ
U: (2)
VS
(40)
Daun pangkal: warna upih Basal leaf: sheath colour
hijau green
hijau dengan garis-garis ungu green with purple lines
ungu muda light purple
ungu purple
1
2
3
4
3.
QN
U: (3)
VG
(40)
Daun: keamatan warna hijau Leaf: intensity of green colour
terang light
sederhana medium
gelap dark
3
5
7
17
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
4.
QN
U: (4)
VG
(40)
Daun: pewarnaan antosianin Leaf: anthocyanin coloration
tiada absent
ada present
1
9
5.
PQ
U: (5)
VG
(40)
Daun: taburan warna antosianin Leaf: distribution of anthocyanin
coloration
pada hujung sahaja on tips only
pada pinggiran sahaja on margins only
bertompok-tompok sahaja in blotches only
1
2
3
6.
QL
U: (6)
VG
(40)
Daun upih: pewarnaan antosianin Leaf sheath: anthocyanin
coloration
tiada absent
ada present
1
9
7.
QN
U: (7)
VG
(40)
Daun upih: keamatan warna antosianin Leaf sheath: intensity of
anthocyanin coloration
amat lemah very weak
lemah weak
sederhana medium
kuat strong
1
3
5
7
8.
QN
U: (8)
VS
(40)
Daun: pubesen pada permukaan Leaf blade: pubescence of surface
amat lemah very weak
lemah weak
sederhana medium
kuat strong
1
3
5
7
18
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
9. (*)
QL
U: (9)
VS
(40)
Daun: pewarnaan antosianin aurikel Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of
auricles
tiada absent
ada present
1
9
10.
QL
U: (10)
VS
(40)
Daun: pewarnaan antosianin kolar Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of
collar
tiada absent
ada present
1
9
11. (+)
PQ
U: (11)
VS
(40)
Daun: bentuk ligul Leaf: shape of ligule
kontot truncate
akut acute
lekuk cleft
1
2
3
Tamb. (11): Daun: bentuk ligul Ad. (11): Leaf: shape of ligule
1 kontot
truncate
2 akut acute
3 lekuk cleft
19
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
12.
PQ
U: (12)
VS
(40)
Daun: warna ligul Leaf: colour of ligule
tanpa warna colorless
hijau green
hijau dengan garis-garis ungu green with purple lines
ungu muda light purple
ungu purple
1
2
3
4
5
13.
QN
U: (13)
MS
(40)
Lai daun: panjang Leaf blade: length
pendek short
medium
sederhana
long panjang
3
5
7
14.
QN
U: (14)
MS
(40)
Lai daun: lebar Leaf blade: width
sempit narrow
sederhana medium
lebar broad
3 5 7
15. (*) (+)
QN
U: (15)
VG
(60)
Daun bulir: sifat lai (pemerhatian awal) Flag leaf: attitude of blade (early
observation)
tegak erect
separa tegak semi-erect
mendatar horizontal
melengkung ke belakang recurved
1 3 5 7
20
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
16. (*) (+)
QN
U: (16)
VG
(90)
Daun bulir: sifat lai (pemerhatian lewat) Flag leaf: attitude of blade (late
observation)
tegak erect
separa tegak semi-erect
mendatar horizontal
melengkung ke belakang recurved
1 3 5 7
Tamb. (15): Daun bulir: sifat lai (pemerhatian awal) Ad. (15): Flag leaf: attitude of blade (early observation)
Tamb. (16): Daun bulir: sifat lai (pemerhatian lewat) Ad. (16): Flag leaf: attitude of blade (late observation)
17. (+)
PQ
U: (17)
VS
(40)
Kulma: tabiat Culm: habit
tegak erect
separa tegak semi-erect
terbuka open
mengembang spreading melata prostrate
1 3 5 7 9
1 tegak erect
3 separa tegak
semi-erect
5 mendatar horizontal
7 melengkung ke belakang
recurved
21
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb. (17): Kulma: tabiat Ad. (17): Culm: habit
18. (+)
QL
U: (18)
VS
(40)
Varieti melata sahaja: Kulma: keupayaan melutut Prostrate varieties only: Culm:
kneeing ability
tiada absent
ada present
1 9
1 tegak erect
3 separa tegak
semi-erect
5 terbuka
open
7 mengembang
spreading
9 melata
prostrate
22
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb. (18): Varieti melata sahaja: Kulma: keupayaan melutut Ad. (18): Prostrate varieties only: Culm: kneeing ability
Keupayaan melutut salah satu ciri paling penting bagi padi jenis apung. Selepas jatuh tertiarap disebabkan aliran air yang menyurut, batang varieti yang mempunyai keupayaan melutut akan mula tumbuh tegak, dengan 3 hingga 4 buku dan menghasilkan bulir. Kneeing ability is one of the most important characteristics for deep water/floating types of rice. After falling flat
due to receding water flow, the stems of varieties with kneeing ability start to grow upright with 3 to 4 nodes and
bear panicles.
19. (*)
QN
U: (19)
VG
(55)
Masa berbunga (50% tumbuhan mempunyai bunga ) Time of heading (50% of plants
with heads)
amat awal very early
awal early
sederhana medium
lewat late
1 3 5 7
20. (+)
PQ
U: (20)
VS/
MS
(60)
Kemandulan jantan Male sterility
tiada absent
separa mandul jantan partially male sterile
mandul jantan male sterile
1 2 3
23
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb. (20): Kemandulan jantan Ad. (20): Male sterility
tiada kurang daripada 25 % debunga mandul 1 absent less than 25 % sterile pollen
separa mandul jantan 25 hingga 95 % debunga mandul 2 partially male sterile 25 to 95 % sterile pollen
mandul jantan lebih daripada 95 % debunga mandul 3 male sterile more than 95 % sterile pollen
21. (+)
QN
U: (21)
VS (65)
Lema: pewarnaan antosianin lunas (pemerhatian awal) Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of
keel (early observation)
tiada atau amat lemah absent or very weak
lemah weak
sederhana medium
kuat strong
1
3
5
7
22. (+)
QN
U: (22)
VS (65)
Lema: pewarnaan antosianin kawasan di bawah apeks (pemerhatian awal) Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of
area below apex (early
observation)
tiada atau amat lemah absent or very weak
lemah weak
sederhana medium
kuat strong
1
3 5 7
24
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
23. (*) (+)
QN
U: (23)
VS (65)
Lema: pewarnaan antosianin apeks (pemerhatian awal) Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of
apex (early observation)
tiada atau amat lemah absent or very weak
lemah weak
sederhana medium
kuat strong
1
3 5 7
Tamb . (21): Lema: pewarnaan antosianin lunas (pemerhatian awal) Ad. (21): Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of keel (early observation)
Tamb . (22): Lema: pewarnaan antosianin kawasan di bawah apeks (pemerhatian awal) Ad. (22): Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of area below apex (early observation)
Tamb . (23): Lema: pewarnaan antosianin apeks (pemerhatian awal) Ad. (23): Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of apex (early observation)
24. (*)
PQ
U: (24)
VS (65)
Spikelet: warna stigma Spikelet: colour of stigma
putih white
hijau muda light green
kuning yellow
ungu muda light purple
ungu purple
1 2 3 4 5
Lema
Apeks
Kawasan bawah apeks
Lunas
25
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
25. (+)
QN
U: (25)
MS
(70)
Batang: tebal Stem: thickness
nipis thin
sederhana medium
tebal thick
3 5 7
Tamb. (25): Batang: tebal Ad. (25): Stem: thickness
Pada ruas paling bawah
At the lowest internode
26. (*)
QN
U: (26)
VS
(70)
Varieti tak melata sahaja: Batang: panjang (tidak termasuk bulir)
Non-prostate varieties only: Stem:
length (excluding panicle)
amat pendek very short
pendek short
sederhana medium
panjang long
amat panjang very long
1 2 5 7 9
27. (*)
QL
U: (27)
VS
(70)
Batang: pewarnaan antosianin buku Stem: anthocyanin coloration of
nodes
tiada absent
ada present
1 9
28.
QN
U: (28)
VS
(70)
Batang: keamatan warna antosianin buku Stem: intensity of anthocyanin
coloration of nodes
lemah weak
sederhana medium
kuat strong
3 5 7
26
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
29.
QL
U: (29)
VS
(70)
Batang: pewarnaan antosianin ruas Stem: anthocyanin coloration of
internodes
tiada absent
ada present
1 9
30. (*) (+)
QN
U: (30)
MS
(72-
90)
Bulir: panjang paksi utama Panicle: length of main axis
pendek short
sederhana medium
panjang long
3 5 7
27
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb.(30): Bulir: panjang paksi utama
Ad.(30): Panicle: length of main axis
panjang length
pangkal bulir panicle base
1 tegak upright
2 separa tegak semi-upright
panjang length
3 sedikit terlentok slightly drooping
4 sangat terlentok strongly drooping
pangkal bulir panicle base
pangkal bulir panicle base
pangkal bulir panicle base
28
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
31.
QN
U: (31)
MS
(70)
Bulir: bilangan bagi setiap tumbuhan Panicle: number per plant
sedikit few
sederhana medium
banyak many
3 5 7
32.
QL
U: (32)
VS
(60)
Bulir: jejanggut Panicle: awns
tiada absent
ada present
1 9
33.
PQ
U: (33)
VS/
MS
(60)
Bulir: warna jejanggut (pemerhatian awal) Panicle: colour of awns (early
observation)
emas muda light gold
emas gold
perang brown
perang kemerah-merahan reddish brown
merah muda light red
merah red
ungu muda light purple
ungu purple
hitam black
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
29
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
34. (*)
PQ
U: (34)
VS
(70-
80)
Bulir: taburan jejanggut Panicle: distribution of awns
hujung sahaja tip only
suku perempat atas sahaja upper quarter only
separuh atas sahaja upper half only
tiga suku atas sahaja upper three quarters
only
keseluruhan whole length
1 2 3 4 5
35. (*)
QN
U: (36)
VS
(60-
80)
Spikelet: pubesen lema Spikelet: pubesence of lemma
tiada atau amat lemah absent or very weak
lemah weak
sederhana medium
kuat strong
amat kuat very strong
1
3 5 7
9
36. (+)
PQ
U: (37)
VS
(80-
90)
Spikelet: warna hujung lema Spikelet:: colour of tip of lemma
putih white
kuning yellow
perang brown merah red
ungu purple
hitam black
1 2 3 4 5 6
30
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb . (36) Spikelet: warna hujung lema Ad. (36): Spikelet:: colour of tip of lemma
37. (*) (+)
PQ
U: (39)
VG
(90)
Bulir: sifat berhubung dengan batang Panicle: attitude in relation to stem
tegak upright
separa tegak semi-upright
sedikit terlentok slightly drooping
sangat terlentok strongly drooping
1 2 3 4
hujung tip
31
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb . (37): Bulir: sifat berhubung dengan batang Ad. (37): Panicle: attitude in relation to stem
panjang length
1 tegak upright
2 separa tegak semi-upright
panjang length
3 sedikit terlentok slightly drooping
4 sangat terlentok strongly drooping
pangkal bulir panicle base
pangkal bulir panicle base
pangkal bulir panicle base
pangkal bulir panicle base
32
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
38. (+)
QL
U: (40)
VS
(90)
Bulir: kehadiran dahan sekunder Panicle: presence of secondary
branching
tiada absent
ada present
1 9
Tamb . (38): Bulir: sifat berhubung dengan batang Ad. (38): Panicle: presence of secondary branching
39. (+)
PQ
U: (41)
VS
(90)
Bulir: jenis dahan sekunder Panicle: type of secondary
branching
jenis 1 type 1
jenis 2 type 2
jenis 3 type 3
1 2 3
Tamb. (39): Bulir: jenis dahan sekunder Ad. (39): Panicle: type of secondary branching
1 tiada absent
9 ada
present
1 jenis 1 type 1
2 jenis 2 type 2
3 jenis 3 type 3
33
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
40. (*) (+)
QN
U: (42)
VS
(90)
Bulir: sifat dahan Panicle: attitude of branches
tegak erect
separa tegak semi-erect
mengembang spreading
1 3 5
Tamb. (40): Bulir: sifat dahan Ad. (40): Panicle: attitude of branches
41. (+)
QN
U: (43)
VG
(90)
Bulir: tolakan Panicle: exsertion
tertolak enclosed separa tertolak partly exserted
hampir tertolak just exserted
tertolak sederhana moderately-well
exserted
tertolak sepenuhnya well exserted
1 3 5 7 9
1 tegak erect
3 separa tegak
semi-erect
5 mengembang
spreading
34
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb. (41): Bulir: tolakan Ad. (41): Panicle: exertion
42.
QN
U: (44)
VG
(90)
Masa kematangan Time of maturity
amat awal very early
awal early
pertengahan intermediate lewat late amat lewat very late
1 3 5 7 9
43. (+)
QN
U: (45)
VG
(92)
Daun: masa senesen Leaf: time of senescence
awal early
pertengahan intermediate lewat late
3 5 7
3
separa tertolak partly exerted
5
hampir tertolak just exerted
9
tertolak sepenuhnya well exerted
pangkal bulir panicle base
pangkal bulir panicle base
pangkal bulir panicle base
35
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb. (43): Daun: masa senesen Ad. (43): Leaf: time of senescence
Daun di bawah daun bulir diperhatikan pada masa menuai untuk memeriksa pengekalan kehijauannya. Keadaan (3), daun mati apabila biji padi sudah masak sepenuhnya; keadaan (5), pertengahan (mesti ada 1 daun yang mengekalkan warnanya); keadaan (7), 2 daun atau lebih mengekalkan warnanya semasa matang.
The leaves below the flag leaf are observed at the time of harvest for their retention of greenness. State (3), leaves are
dead when the grains have become fully ripened; state (5), intermediate (there must be 1 leaf which retains its
colour); state (7), 2 or more leaves retain their colour at maturity.
44.
PQ
U: (46)
VS
Lema: warna Lemma: colour
emas muda light gold
emas gold
perang brown
kemerah-merahan hingga ungu muda reddish to light purple
ungu purple
hitam black
1 2 3 4 5 6
45.
PQ
U: (47)
VS
Lema: hiasan Lemma: ornamentation
tiada absent
alur warna emas gold furrows
alur perang brown furrows
tompok ungu purple spots
alur ungu purple furrows
1 2 3 4 5
36
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
46. (+)
PQ
U: (48)
VS
(92)
Lema: pewarnaan antosianin lunas (pemerhatian lewat) Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of
keel (late observation)
tiada atau amat lemah absent or very weak
lemah weak
sederhana medium
kuat strong
1 3 5 7
47. (+)
PQ
U: (49)
VS
(92)
Lema: pewarnaan antosianin kawasan di bawah apeks (pemerhatian lewat)
Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of
area below apex (late observation)
tiada atau amat lemah absent or very weak lemah weak
sederhana medium
kuat strong
amat kuat very strong
1 3 5 7 9
48. (+)
QN
U: (50)
VS
(92)
Lema: pewarnaan antosianin apeks (pemerhatian lewat) Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of
apex (late observation)
tiada atau amat lemah absent or very weak
lemah weak
sederhana medium
kuat strong
amat kuat very strong
1 3 5 7 9
37
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb .(46): Lema: pewarnaan antosianin lunas (pemerhatian lewat) Ad. (46): Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of keel (late observation) Tamb .(47): Lema: pewarnaan antosianin kawasan di bawah apeks (pemerhatian lewat) Ad. (47): Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of area below apex (late observation)
Tamb .(48): Lema: pewarnaan antosianin apeks (pemerhatian lewat) Ad. (48): Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of apex (late observation)
49. (+)
PQ
U: (52)
VS (92)
Glum: warna Glume: colour
jerami straw emas gold
merah red
ungu purple
1 2 3 4
Lema
Apeks
Kawasan bawah apeks
Lunas
38
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb .(49): Glum: warna Ad. (49): Glume: colour
50. (+)
QN
U: (53)
MS
(92)
Biji: berat 1000 biji terbentuk sepenuhnya Grain: weight of 1000 fully
developed grains
rendah low sederhana medium
tinggi high
3 5 7
Tamb .(50): Biji: berat 1000 biji terbentuk sepenuhnya Ad. (50): Grain: weight of 1000 fully developed grains
Dihitung pada kelembapan 14 %
To be calculated at 14% moisture
51.
QN
U: (54)
MS
(92)
Biji: panjang Grain: length
pendek short sederhana medium panjang long
3 5 7
Glum Glume
39
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
52.
QN
U: (55)
MS
(92)
Biji : lebar Grain: width
sempit narrow
sederhana medium
lebar broad
3 5 7
53. (*)
QN
U: (58)
MS
(92)
Biji ternyah korteks : panjang Decorticated grain: length
pendek short sederhana medium panjang long
3 5 7
54.
QN
U: (59)
MS
(92)
Biji ternyah korteks : lebar Decorticated grain: width
sempit narrow
sederhana medium lebar broad
3 5 7
55. (*) (+)
PQ
U: (60)
VS
(92)
Biji ternyah korteks : bentuk (dari pandangan lateral) Decorticated grain: shape (in
lateral view)
bulat round
separa bulat semi-round
bentuk separuh gelendong half spindle-shape
bentuk gelendong spindle-shape
bentuk gelendong panjang long spindle-shaped
1 2 3 4 5
40
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb .(55): Biji ternyah korteks : bentuk (dari pandangan lateral) Ad. (55): Decorticated grain: shape (in lateral view)
panjang/lebar length/width
bulat 1 < 1.50
round
separa bulat 2 1.50-1.99
semi-round
bentuk separuh gelendong 3 2.00-2.49
half spindle-shaped
bentuk gelendong 4 2.50-2.99
spindle-shaped
bentuk gelendong panjang 5 ≥ 3.00 long spindle-shaped
56. (*)
PQ
U: (61)
VS
(92)
Biji ternyah korteks : warna Decorticated grain: colour
putih white perang muda light brown
perang verigasi variegated brown
perang tua dark brown
merah muda light red
merah red ungu verigasi variegated purple
ungu purple
ungu tua/ hitam dark purple/ black
1 2 3
4 5 6 7
8 9
41
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
57. (+)
PQ
U: (62)
VS
(92)
Endosperma: jenis Endosperm: type
bergluten glutinous pertengahan intermediate
tak bergluten non-glutinous
1 2 3
42
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb .(57): Endosperma: jenis Ad. (57): Endosperm: type
Tiga keadaan ekspresi boleh dengan mudah dijelaskan oleh tindak balas terhadap larutan KI-I;
jenis endosperma bergluten diwarnakan hingga ungu kemerah-merahan, jenis endosperma tak bergluten
hingga ungu biru tua, dan jenis endosperma pertengahan hingga ungu biru kemerah-merahan.
The three states of expression can be simply defined by reaction to KI-I solution; glutinous type endosperm
is stained to reddish purple, non-glutinous type to dark blue purple, and intermediate type to reddish blue purple.
Seseorangan boleh memerhatikan bahawa beras bergluten (beras pulut) mempunyai butir
berlilin, manakala beras tak bergluten (beras biasa) mempunyai butir tak berlilin hingga butir lut sinar,
dengan pelbagai gred menurut kandungan amilosa endosperma. Apabila beras bergluten perlu
dibezakan daripada beras yang kandungan amilosanya amat rendah, analisis kimia digunakan.
One can observe that glutinous rice has waxy grains, and non-glutinous rice has non-waxy to transparent
grains, with various grades according to the amylose content of the endosperm. When it is necessary to
differentiate glutinous rice and rice with very low amylose content, chemical analysis is needed.
Catatan: Secara amnya, kandungan amilosa baka tulen varieti beras bergluten ialah 0%.
Bagaimanapun, banyak varieti komersil, terutamanya varieti tempatan dan varieti tradisional, mungkin
mengandungi antara 1% dan 4% amilosa. Ini kerana gen berlilin resesif, dan apabila dikacuk luar oleh
padi tak bergluten, endosperma menjadi tak bergluten. Begitu juga, sesetengah kaedah ujian
mungkin menghasilkan % amilosa yang rendah. Penyelidikan ke atas struktur kimia beras berlilin
masih dijalankan di Jepun. Baru-baru ini, pelbagai gen (dinamakan gen "sebam") bagi pengeluaran
beras separa berlilin telah dikenal pasti. Buat masa ini, kandungan amilosa varieti beras separa
berlilin tidak kurang daripada 5%, meskipun tidak dapat dipastikan sekiranya baka kandungan amilosa
lebih rendah lagi akan dibiak pada masa depan nanti.
Note: In general, the amylose content of pure line varieties of glutinous rice is 0%. However, many
commercial varieties, especially local and traditional varieties may contain between 1% and 4% of amylose. This is
because the waxy gene is recessive, and when outcrossed by non-glutinous rice, the endosperm becomes non-
glutinous. Also, some methods of testing may result in a low % of amylose. Research on chemical structure of
waxy rice is still in progress in Japan. Recently, various genes (named "dull" genes) for producing semi-waxy
rice have been identified. At present, amylose content of those semi-waxy rice varieties is not less than 5%,
though it is not sure if further lower amylose lines will be bred in the future.
Beras pertengahan tak bergluten, tetapi kandungan amilosa amat rendah. Larutan KI-I disediakan dengan mencampurkan 0.1 % larutan I2 dengan 0.2 % larutan KI.
Intermediate rice is non-glutinous but with very low amylose.
KI-I solution is prepared by mixing 0.1 % I2 solution and 0.2 % KI solution
43
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
58. (+)
PQ
U: (63)
MG (92)
Endosperma: kandungan amilosa Endosperm: content of amylose
keadaan 1 state 1
keadaan 2 state 2
keadaan 3 state 3
keadaan 4 state 4
keadaan 5 state 5
keadaan 6 state 6
keadaan 7 state 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
44
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb .(58): Endosperma: : kandungan amilosa Ad. (58): Endosperm: content of amylase
Kaedah ISO 6647 seharusnya digunakan. Method ISO 6647 should be used.
Diubahsuai daripada sistem IRRI dengan membuat pembundaran nombor kerana data boleh berubah,
terutama di tempat beriklim dingin, dan dengan menambah peringkat kandungan amilosa yang amat
tinggi apabila mempertimbangkan padi di sesetengah kawasan di bahagian selatan India.
Modified from IRRI system by rounding due to variability of data especially in cool climates, and adding a rank of
very high amylose content considering rice in some area of southern India.
Keadaan 1 : State 1 :
<5%
Keadaan 2 : State 2 :
5-10%
Keadaan 3 : State 3 :
11-15%
Keadaan 4 : State 4 :
16-20%
Keadaan 5 : State 5 :
21-25%
Keadaan 6 : State 6 :
25-30%
Keadaan 7 : State 7 :
>30%
59. (+)
QN
U: (64)
MG
(92)
Pencernaan alkali Alkali digestion
tidak tercerna not digested
tercerna sedikit low digested
perantaraan intermediate
tercerna sepenuhnya completely digested
1 3 5 7
45
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
Tamb .(59): Pencernaan alkali Ad. (59): Alkali digestion
Letakkan 10 butir (biji) beras kisar sepenuhnya (tak hancur) di dalam piring petri dengan 1.5% larutan KOH, dan biarkan di bawah suhu bilik sekitar 25°C selama lebih kurang 24 jam.
Put 10 milled complete (unbroken) rice grains in a petri dish with 1.5% solution of KOH, and keep still under
room temperature of around 25°C for about 24 hours.
Catatan 1 (tidak tercerna): Note 1 (not digested):
butir beras tak terjejas. rice grains are not affected.
Catatan 3 (tercerna sedikit): Note 3 (low digested):
hanya pinggiran butir terlarut only the margin of the grains are dissolved
Catatan 5 (pertengahan): Note 5 (intermediate):
bentuk butir menjadi tak jelas, tetapi tak terlarut sepenuhnya shape of grains become unclear, but incompletely
dissolved
Catatan 7 (tercerna sepenuhnya): Note 7 (completely digested):
tiada pinggiran dicam di antara bahagian empulur dan keliling luar. no margin is identified between the core part and the
outer skirt.
60. (*) (+)
QN
U: (65)
MG
(92)
Biji ternyah korteks: aroma Decorticated grain: aroma
tiada atau amat lemah absent or very weak
lemah weak
kuat strong
1 2 3
Tamb .(60): Biji ternyah korteks: aroma Ad. (60): Decorticated grain: aroma
Komponen utama aroma dalam beras ialah 2-asetil-1-pirolina (AcPy). Untuk mengewapkan
bahan kimia ini, 10 ml. larutan 1.7 % KOH seharusnya ditambah kepada 2 gr. biji ternyah korteks.
Aroma yang serupa dengan aroma bertih jagung dikeluarkan dalam masa 10 minit. Tahap ekspresi
ditentukan dengan merujuk varieti contoh.
The main component of the aroma in rice is the 2-acetyl-1-pirroline (AcPy). To vaporize this chemical,
10 ml. of a 1.7 % solution of KOH should be added to 2 gr. of decorticated grains. The aroma, which is
similar to that in pop-corn, is released within 10 minutes. The level of expression is determined by reference
to the example varieties.
46
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
CIRI TAMBAHAN
ADDITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
(gunakan bila/di mana perlu) (apply when/where necessary)
61. Kerintangan terhadap penyakit karah
Resistance to blast
rentan susceptible
sederhana rentan moderately susceptible
rintang resistance
MR 219
MR 84
Mahsiri/ Setanjung
1 2 3
62. Kerintangan terhadap PMV
Resistance to PMV
rentan susceptible
sederhana rentan moderately susceptible
rintang resistance
TNI
MR 77
MR 159/ IR 72
1 2 3
63. Kerintangan terhadap bena perang Resistance to brown plant hopper
rentan susceptible
sederhana rentan moderately susceptible
rintang resistance
MR 84
MRQ 50
PTb 33/Rathu Heenathi
1 2 3
64. Kerintangan terhadap hawar upih Resistance to sheath blight
rentan susceptible
sederhana rentan moderately susceptible
rintang resistance
Kadaria
Sebetrang
Manik
1 2 3
47
BIL. NO.
CIRI CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN STATE
VARIETI CONTOH EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN NOTE
65. Kerintangan terhadap hawar daun bakteria Resistance to bacteria leaf blight
rentan susceptible
sederhana rentan moderately susceptible
rintang resistance
MR 84
MRQ 74
MR 185
1 2 3
48
9.0 RUJUKAN LITERATURE
UPOV. 2004. Guidelines For The Conduct of Tests For Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability. Rice (Oryza sativa L.). TG/16/8. International Union For The Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), Geneva.
49
10.0 SOAL SELIDIK TEKNIKAL TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
BORANG SOAL SELIDIK TEKNIKAL TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
untuk dilengkapi berkaitan dengan permohonan Hak Pembiak Baka Tumbuhan
to be completed in connection with an application for Plant Breeders' Rights
UNTUK KEGUNAAN RASMI FOR OFFICIAL USE
Nombor Rujukan :
Reference Number
Tarikh Permohonan :
Application date
(tidak boleh diisi oleh pemohon)
(not to be filled in by the applicant)
1. BAHAN UJIAN SUBJECT OF THE TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
1.1 Nama Botani :
Botanical Name
1.2 Nama Biasa :
Common name
1.3 Nama Tempatan :
Local name
Oryza sativa L.
Padi
PADDY
Padi
2. PEMOHON APPLICANT
Nama Pemohon : _______________________________ Applicant Name
Alamat : ____________________________________
Address ____________________________________
_____________________________________
No. Telefon :_________________________________
Telephone No
No. Fax : _____________________________ Fax No
E-Mail : _____________________________ E-mail
Pembiak Baka : _____________________________ Breeder
(jika berlainan daripada pemohon) (if different from applicant)
3. NAMA YANG DICADANGKAN DAN RUJUKAN PEMBIAK BAKA PROPOSED DENOMINATION AND BREEDER'S REFERENCE
Nama yang dicadangkan _______________________ ________________________ ________________________ Proposed denomination pilihan pertama (1
st choice) pilihan kedua (2
nd choice) pilihan ketiga (3
rd choice)
Rujukan pembiak baka ___________________________
Breeder's reference
50
# 4. MAKLUMAT SKIM PEMBIAKBAKAAN DAN PEMBIAKAN VARIETI INFORMATION ON THE BREEDING SCHEME AND PROPAGATION OF THE VARIETY
4.1 Skim pembiakbakaan Breeding scheme
Varieti terhasil daripada : Variety resulting from
Kacukan terkawal (sila nyatakan varieti induk) Crossing controlled cross (please state parent varieties) ________________________________________________________
Mutasi (sila nyatakan varieti induk) Mutation (please state parent varieties) ________________________________________________________
Penemuan dan pembangunan (sila nyatakan di mana dan bila ditemui dan bagaimana dibangunkan) Discovery and development (please state where and when discovered and how developed) ________________________________________________________
Lain-lain (sila berikan butir-butir) Other (please provide details)
4.2 Kaedah pembiakan varieti
Method of propagating the variety
4.2.1 Pembiakan vegetatif Vegetative propagation
baris line
baris subur jantan male fertile line
baris mandul jantan male sterile line
hibrid
hybrid
Kaedah pembiakan yang lain (sila berikan butir-butir) Other method of propagation (please provide details)
Halaman {2}
daripada {6}
Page {2} of {6}
51
Dalam kes varieti hibrid, skim pengeluaran bagi hibrid seharusnya diberi pada helaian yang berasingan. Helaian ini
seharusnya memberikan butir-butir semua baris induk yang diperlukan bagi pembiakan hibrid berkenaan, contohnya. In the case of hybrid varieties the production scheme for the hybrid should be provided on a separate sheet. This should provide details of all the parent lines required for propagating the hybrid e.g.
Hibrid Sehala
( . . . induk betina...) x (... induk jantan...)
Single Hybrid
( . . . female parent...) x (... male parent...)
Hibrid Tiga Hala (... baris betina ...) x (... baris jantan ...) Three-Way Hybrid
(... female line ...) x (... male line ...)
hibrid sehala digunakan sebagai induk betina x (... induk jantan...) dan seharusnya dikenal pasti terutamanya: single hybrid used as female parent x (... male parent...) and should identify in particular:
(a) mana-mana baris mandul jantan
any male sterile line
(b) sistem pengekalan baris subur jantan maintenance system of male sterile lines
52
5. CIRI VARIETI UNTUK DINYATAKAN
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIETY TO BE INDICATED Nombor dalam kurungan merujuk ciri yang sepadan dengan ciri dalam Garis Panduan Ujian; sila tandakan catatan yang paling sepadan. The number in brackets refers to the corresponding characteristic in Test Guidelines; please mark the note which best corresponds.
Bil No
Ciri Characteristic
Keterangan State
Catatan Note
5.1 (2)
Daun pangkal: warna upih Basal leaf: sheath colour
hijau green
hijau dengan garis- garis ungu green with purple lines
ungu muda light purple
ungu purple
1 [ ]
2 [ ]
3 [ ]
4 [ ]
5.2 (9)
Daun: pewarnaan antosianin aurikel
Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of auricles tiada absent
ada present
1 [ ]
9 [ ]
5.3 (19)
Masa berbunga, dengan 95% tanaman mempunyai bunga
Time of heading 95% of plants with heads
amat awal very early
awal early
sederhana medium
lewat late
1 [ ]
3 [ ]
5 [ ]
7 [ ]
5.4 (26)
Varieti tak melata sahaja: Batang: panjang (tidak termasuk bulir)
Non-prostrate varieties only: Stem:
length (excluding panicle)
amat pendek very short
pendek short
sederhana medium
panjang long
amat panjang very long
1 [ ]
3 [ ]
5 [ ]
7 [ ]
9 [ ]
53
Bil No
Ciri Characteristic
Keterangan State
Catatan Note
5.5 (53)
Biji ternyah korteks: panjang
Decorticated grain: length pendek short
sederhana medium
panjang long
3 [ ]
5 [ ]
7 [ ]
5.6 (56)
Biji ternyah korteks: warna
Decorticated grain: colour
putih white
perang muda light brown
perang verigasi variegated brown
perang tua dark brown
merah muda light red
merah red
ungu verigasi variegated purple
ungu purple
ungu tua/ hitam dark purple/ black
1 [ ]
2 [ ]
3 [ ]
4 [ ]
5 [ ]
6 [ ]
7 [ ]
8 [ ]
9 [ ]
54
6. VARIETI SERUPA DAN PERBEZAAN DARIPADA VARIETI CALON
SIMILAR VARIETIES AND DIFFERENCES FROM THESE VARIETIES
Sila gunakan jadual dan kotak berikut untuk komen dan untuk memberikan maklumat berkenaan dengan bagaimana varieti yang anda pilih berbeza daripada varieti yang, sejauh yang anda ketahui, paling serupa. Maklumat ini boleh membantu pihak berkuasa pemeriksaan untuk menjalankan pemeriksaan kelainan dengan cara yang lebih cekap.
Please use the following table and box for comments to provide information on how your candidate variety differs from the variety (or varieties) which, to the best of your knowledge, is (or are) most similar. This information may help the examination authority to conduct its examination of distinctness in a more efficient way.
Nama varieti yang serupa dengan varieti calon
Denomination(s) of variety(ies) similar to your candidate variety
Ciri varieti calon yang berbeza daripada varieti serupa
Characteristic(s) in which your candidate variety differs from the similar variety(ies)
Terangkan ekspresi ciri bagi varieti serupa
Describe the expression of the characteristic(s) for the similar variety(ies)
Terangkan ekspresi ciri bagi varieti calon
Describe the expression of the characteristic(s) for your candidate variety
Contoh Example
Kulma: tabiat Culm: habit
tegak erect
terbuka open
Komen :
Comments
55
# 7. MAKLUMAT TAMBAHAN YANG BOLEH MEMBANTU DALAM PEMERIKSAAN VARIETI
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION WHICH MAY HELP IN THE EXAMINATION OF THE VARIETY
7.1 Selain maklumat yang diberi dalam bahagian 5 dan bahagian 6, adakah apa-apa ciri tambahan yang boleh membantu untuk membezakan varieti? In addition to the information provided in sections 5 and 6, are there any additional characteristics which may help to distinguish the variety? Ada Tiada Yes No
(Jika ada, berikan butir-butir) ............................................................................................................... (If yes, please provide details) …………………………………………………………………………………. 7.2 Adakah apa-apa syarat khusus bagi menanam varieti atau menjalankan pemeriksaan? Are there any special conditions for growing the variety or conducting the examination? Ada Tiada Yes No (Jika ada, berikan butir-butir) ............................................................................................................... (If yes, please provide details) …………………………………………………………………………………. 7.3 Maklumat lain Other information 7.4 Gambar berwarna yang mewakili varieti perlu disertakan bersama Borang Soal Selidik Teknikal ini. A representative colour photograph of the variety should accompany the Technical Questionnaire.
# Pihak berkuasa mungkin membenarkan maklumat tertentu ini diberi dalam bahagian sulit Borang Soal Selidik Teknikal. Authority may allow certain of this information to be provided in a confidential section of the Technical Questionnaire.
8. KEBENARAN PENGELUARAN AUTHORIZATION FOR RELEASE
8. (a) Adakah varieti memerlukan kebenaran sebelum pengeluaran di bawah undang-undang berhubung dengan perlindungan alam sekitar, kesihatan manusia dan kesihatan haiwan? Does the variety require prior authorization for release under legislation concerning the protection of the environment, human and animal health?
Ya Tidak Yes No
(b) Adakah kebenaran itu telah diperoleh? Has such authorization been obtained? Ya Tidak Yes No
Jika jawapan kepada (b) ialah ya, sila kepilkan satu salinan kebenaran tersebut. If the answer to (b) is yes, please attach a copy of the authorization.
56
9. MAKLUMAT BAHAN TUMBUHAN UNTUK DIPERIKSA ATAU DISERAH BAGI PEMERIKSAAN INFORMATION ON PLANT MATERIAL TO BE EXAMINED OR SUBMITTED FOR EXAMINATION
9.1 9.2
Ekspresi satu ciri atau beberapa ciri varieti mungkin terjejas oleh faktor seperti haiwan perosak dan penyakit, rawatan kimia (contohnya bahan pembantut pertumbuhan atau pestisid), kesan kultur tisu,pokok penanti yang berlainan, sion yang diambil daripada fasa pertumbuhan pokok yang berlainan dan lain-lain. The expression of a characteristic or several characteristics of a variety may be affected by factors, such as pests and disease, chemical treatment (e.g. growth retardants or pesticides), effects of tissue culture, different rootstocks, scions taken from different growth phases of a tree, etc. Bahan tanaman tidak seharusnya melalui apa-apa rawatan yang menjejaskan ekspresi ciri varieti, kecuali pihak berkuasa yang kompeten telah membenarkan atau meminta rawatan sedemikian. Jika bahan tanaman telah melalui rawatan sedemikian, butir-butir penuh bagi rawatan mestilah diberikan. Berhubung dengan hal ini, sila tunjukkan di bawah ini, sepanjang yang anda ketahui, sekiranya bahan tanaman untuk diperiksa itu: The plant material should not have undergone any treatment which would affect the expression of the characteristics of the variety, unless the competent authority allows or requests such treatment. If the plant material has undergone such treatment, full details of the treatment must be given. In this respect, please indicate below, to the best of your knowledge, if the plant material to be examined has been subjected to:
(a) terdedah kepada mikroorganisma (contohnya virus, bakteria, fitoplasma) Microorganisms (e.g. virus, bacteria, phytoplasma)
Ya Yes ………….................................................................................................................... Sila berikan butir-butir bagi jawapan “ya” yang anda berikan. Please provide details for where you have indicated "yes“
Tidak No (b) menjalani rawatan kimia (contohnya bahan pembantut pertumbuhan, pestisid) Chemical treatment (e.g. growth retardant, pesticide)
Ya Yes ………….................................................................................................................... Sila berikan butir-butir bagi jawapan “ya” yang anda berikan. Please provide details for where you have indicated "yes“
Tidak No (c) dijalankan kultur tisu tissue culture
Ya Yes ………….................................................................................................................... Sila berikan butir-butir bagi jawapan “ya” yang anda berikan. Please provide details for where you have indicated "yes“
Tidak No (d) disebabkan faktor lain other factors
Ya Yes ………….................................................................................................................... Sila berikan butir-butir bagi jawapan “ya” yang anda berikan. Please provide details for where you have indicated "yes“
Tidak No
57
10. PENGESAHAN
DECLARATION
Saya dengan ini mengesahkan, sepanjang yang saya ketahui, bahawa maklumat yang diberi dalam borang ini adalah betul. I hereby declare that, to the best of my knowledge, the information provided in this form is correct. _____________________________ Tandatangan Signature Nama pemohon : __________________________________ Applicant's name Tarikh : __________________________________ Date
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11.0 PENGHARGAAN ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Jabatan Pertanian mengucapkan setinggi-tinggi penghargaan kepada Ketua Pengarah Pertanian dan terima kasih kepada Pengarah Bahagian Kawalan Kualiti Tanaman, Pn. Hjh. Norma Othman serta kakitangannya atas daya usaha dan inisiatif yang diambil bagi penyediaan Garis Panduan ini. Department of Agriculture would like to express greatest gratitude to Director
General of Department and thanks to Director of Crop Quality Control Division, Mrs. Hjh.
Norma Othman and her staff for the hard work and initiative taken in preparing the Test
Guidelines.
Penghargaan juga ingin disampaikan kepada pakar-pakar tanaman, Appreciation also goes to our crop experts,
(1) Dato’ Dr. Othman Omar (MARDI) (2) En. (Mr.) Misrudin Hadis (DOA) (3) Cik (Ms.) Asfaliza Ramli (MARDI) (4) En. (Mr.) Zainuddin PMD Hussain (MARDI) (5) Pn. (Mrs.) Nur Hafizah Bt. Sharudin (MARDI) atas sumbangan pandangan yang membina dan komitmen tidak terhingga bagi menjayakan penghasilan Garis Panduan ini. upon contribution of constructive opinion and endless commitment towards the success of the
development of the Test Guidelines.
[Dokumen Tamat] [End of Document]