G 20 countries:

Circa 90 per cent of global GNP 80 per cent of world trade Two-thirds of the world's population. ( Source: http://www.g20.org/about_what_is_g20.aspx

Source: www.bbc.co.uk

Dreams and nightmares:Nightmares

• New economic realities – poverty and vulnerability in South and North– Losers of globalisation – the informal economy, the

poor, migrants, the socially excluded, children, women, people with disabilities

– Informal economy with ever increasing casualisation of labour in global and local production chains

Dreams and nightmares:Nightmares

• New colonialism of the MICs – landgrab, collusion with corrupt governments – social and environmental sell-outs, ODA driven by security or commercial interests

• G20 replacing “G192”, undermining the UN

Dreams and nightmares: “Dreams”

– Recognition of commonalities– Bargaining opportunity for lowest income

countries – policy space and new sources of support

– South-South policy diffusion– North policy transfers

Dreams and nightmares: Dreams

• Multilateral level– Orientation to human rights and a normative framework

• Emergence of rights oriented conventions and instruments in the UN context – right to food, FAO 2004, Voluntary Guidelines to Support the

Progressive Realization of the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security - includes livelihoods and land reform

– World Health Assembly 2008 - return to Alma Ata primary health care for all

– Global Social Floor Initiative since 2009 –striving for an ILO or UN Convention on Social Protection for all

– MDGs 2010: more emphasis on equity, inclusion, human rights– Special rapporteurs - experts of OHCHR combining the humanist with

the intellectual

Dreams and nightmares – Dreams „Millennium plus”

• attention to employment and decent work• push for social protection & the global social floor• emphasis on maternal and child health• attention to agriculture, rural development and the need for

land reform• recognition of social exclusion with a new focus on equity

policies• reference to tax reform for redistribution and to fund social

policy

Special Rapporteurs/Independent Experts of the OHCHR – themes

right to education; human rights and extreme poverty; right to food; right to adequate housing; access to safe drinking water and sanitation; against violence against women; physical and mental health; economic policies and debt; TNCs; and other substantive normative areas.

Dreams and nightmares: DreamsG20 Seoul development consensus action points

1) infrastructure, 2) private investment and job creation, 3) human resource development, 4) trade, 5) financial inclusion, 6) growth with resilience, 7) food security, 8) domestic resource mobilization,9) knowledge sharingPrinciples: highlight human rights but reliance on economic growth

Dreams and nightmares: Country level innovations: Dreams

Dreams

• Progressive, rights-based, universalistic policies

• Rights to education, health, school meals, food, • Right to work – employment – decent work• Right to information• Right to social protection

• Rediscovery of the role of the state

The case for a bold vision: Ultimate reason for development cooperation

• Improve – enhance - transform - human development outcomes

o Social justice –o Equitable inclusive human development

The case for a bold vision:Rights-based approaches re income poverty

• Employment and decent work as the key response – development of services

• Agricultural development, land reform, and rural off-farm employment opportunities, access to agricultural inputs and to (micro)credit

• Social protection as a support mechanism

• Climate change mitigation action

The case for a bold vision:Rights-based approaches re equitable access to

social services

• Ensure universal free services delivery • Equitable access to services, geographically and

socially• Ensure equal quality of services – staffing, people

skills and material resources• Ensure cultural sensitivity• Ensure transparent information• Enable inclusive and equitable participatory

programming and participation

The case for a bold vision: Rights-based approaches re exclusion

• Address on-going exclusion and discrimination-affirmative action (reservation, representation, protective legislations, budget allocations)

• Ensure compensatory/reparatory measures• Protect against violence • Address impunity• Support public education and behaviour change to address

discrimination and exclusion • Ensure inclusive social services, including in emergencies and

humanitarian crises• Change disparaging language and designations• Enable inclusive programming

The case for a bold vision: Next steps?

Normative umbrella of international development cooperation: Universal Declaration of Human Rights Recapture UN’s lead role in advocating for universal

human rights and social justice Influence the discussions on “post 2015”

Make the dreams come true

References

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Richard Jolly, Louis Emmerij, Thomas Weiss 2001, Ahead of the Curve? UN ideas and global challenges. Indiana University PressJoseph Hanlon, Armando Barrientos, David Hulme, 2010, Just give money to the poor. The development revolution from the global South.

Kumarian PressNaila Kabeer, Can the MDGs provide a pathway to social justice. The challenge of intersecting inequalities. IDS and UN MDG Achievement

Fund. 2010. www.ids.ac.ukGabriele Köhler, Development interventions: A parade of paradigms. In: Gabriele Köhler, Charles Gore et al, Questioning development.

Essays in the theory, policies and practice of development interventions. Metropolis Verlag: Marburg 1996 Gabriele Köhler, Policies towards social inclusion. Global Social Policy. April 2009: pp. 24-29, Sage publicationsRobert Marten, Jan Martin Witte 2008, Transforming Development? The role of philanthropic foundations in international development

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International Affairs. Carleton University. http://www.idrc.ca/uploads/user-S/12447280141Synthesis_Report.pdf. Accessed 25 Nov 2010

Andy Sumner 2010. GLOBAL POVERTY AND THE NEW BOTTOM BILLION: WHAT IF THREE-Quarters of the poor live in MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES? WORKING PAPERIDS. www.ids.ac.uk

References

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Rethinking Poverty. Report on the World Social Situation 2010. United Nations, New York. http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/rwss/2010.html

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http://www.un.org/documents/ga/res/41/a41r128.htmUNDP. Human Development Report 2010. www.undp.orgUNRISD, Combating Poverty and Inequality: Structural Change, Social Policy and Politics 2010.

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