Georgia Expands WestGeorgia Expands West

The Pursuit of LandThe Pursuit of LandLand meant wealth and power to Americans.Land meant wealth and power to Americans.

Settlers moved westward into lands claimed by Settlers moved westward into lands claimed by Creeks and Cherokee.Creeks and Cherokee.

Indian lands were acquired through negotiated Indian lands were acquired through negotiated treaties .treaties .

Headright system-1782Headright system-1782

Every head of a household Every head of a household had a right to land.had a right to land.

200 acres for the head of a 200 acres for the head of a household.household.

50 acres for each family 50 acres for each family member including slaves.member including slaves.

Maximum of 1,000 acres.Maximum of 1,000 acres.

Revolutionary War vets Revolutionary War vets were encouraged to settle were encouraged to settle in Georgia.in Georgia.

A Change in Agriculture- 1800sA Change in Agriculture- 1800s

Most land was distributed Most land was distributed among wealthy white men.among wealthy white men.Plantations replaced Plantations replaced smaller farms in the soil smaller farms in the soil rich Piedmont region.rich Piedmont region.Tobacco and cotton Tobacco and cotton became the major crops.became the major crops.

Left Side AssignmentLeft Side AssignmentMath QuestionsMath Questions

1.1. You are the head of a household with a You are the head of a household with a spouse, four children, and three slaves. How spouse, four children, and three slaves. How many acres of land are you entitled to?many acres of land are you entitled to?

2.2. You are the head of a household with a You are the head of a household with a spouse, your elderly mother and eight children. spouse, your elderly mother and eight children. How many acres of land are you entitled to?How many acres of land are you entitled to?

3.3. You are the head of a household with a You are the head of a household with a spouse, four children and 15 slaves. How many spouse, four children and 15 slaves. How many acres of land are you entitled to? acres of land are you entitled to?

AnswersAnswers

1. 600 acres1. 600 acres

2. 700 acres2. 700 acres

3. 1000 acres, but eligible for 1200 acres.3. 1000 acres, but eligible for 1200 acres.

The Yazoo Land Fraud - 1795The Yazoo Land Fraud - 1795

Georgia wanted to settle its western lands to Georgia wanted to settle its western lands to encourage economic growth.encourage economic growth.That included land near the Yazoo River in what is That included land near the Yazoo River in what is now Mississippi.now Mississippi.Legislators were bribed by land companies to sell the Legislators were bribed by land companies to sell the land below its real value.land below its real value.Nearly 35 million acres were “sold” to 4 private land Nearly 35 million acres were “sold” to 4 private land companies at 2 cents/ acrecompanies at 2 cents/ acreThe land was then sold to civilians for huge profits.The land was then sold to civilians for huge profits.When the bribes were discovered the legislators were When the bribes were discovered the legislators were voted out of office.voted out of office.

Land Sold in the Yazoo Land FraudLand Sold in the Yazoo Land Fraud

The Compact of 1802The Compact of 1802

The United States government purchased all of The United States government purchased all of Georgia’s western lands to help Georgia pay off Georgia’s western lands to help Georgia pay off its debts from the Yazoo Land Fraud.its debts from the Yazoo Land Fraud.Its Western border became the Chattahoochee Its Western border became the Chattahoochee River.River.The U.S. also agreed to remove all Indians The U.S. also agreed to remove all Indians from Georgia when needed.from Georgia when needed.The Yazoo Land Fraud indirectly led to the Trail The Yazoo Land Fraud indirectly led to the Trail of Tears.of Tears.

Land Lottery 1805-1833Land Lottery 1805-1833

A series of lotteries took A series of lotteries took place to sell land.place to sell land.Ordinary Georgians could Ordinary Georgians could now buy larger amounts now buy larger amounts of land at a cheap price.of land at a cheap price.A lottery was restricted to A lottery was restricted to white men, orphans, and white men, orphans, and widows.widows.Land was sold on an Land was sold on an average at 7 cents / acre.average at 7 cents / acre.

The Cotton Gin- 1794The Cotton Gin- 1794

Eli Whitney was working at the Mulberry Grove Eli Whitney was working at the Mulberry Grove Plantation near Savannah.Plantation near Savannah.

He watched slaves separate seeds from the cotton by He watched slaves separate seeds from the cotton by hand.hand.

He invented the cotton gin, a machine that could clean He invented the cotton gin, a machine that could clean cotton quickly.cotton quickly.

Cotton became the largest crop grown in the South.Cotton became the largest crop grown in the South.

Cotton Gin Photo Cotton Gin Photo

Rise of Slavery in GeorgiaRise of Slavery in Georgia

In 1790 there were 30,000 In 1790 there were 30,000 slaves working on coastal slaves working on coastal rice plantations.rice plantations.The land lottery opened The land lottery opened large areas of the Piedmont large areas of the Piedmont for agriculture.for agriculture.With the access of land and With the access of land and the invention of the cotton the invention of the cotton gin, by 1860 there were gin, by 1860 there were nearly 500,000 slaves nearly 500,000 slaves working Georgia’s fields.working Georgia’s fields.

Slave Distribution in the U.S. 1790-1860Slave Distribution in the U.S. 1790-1860

Left side Assignment

How did the invention of the cotton gin and the use of the land lottery have an impact on cotton production and the slave population in Georgia in the early 1800s?

CanalsCanalsNow that Georgia was Now that Georgia was

producing so many producing so many products (cash crops) they products (cash crops) they needed a cheap and fast needed a cheap and fast form of transportation.form of transportation.

Canals were built in the Canals were built in the early 1800s to make early 1800s to make shipping goods to markets shipping goods to markets quicker and cheaper. quicker and cheaper.

They were soon replaced They were soon replaced by railroads in the mid by railroads in the mid 1800s.1800s.

Canal RouteCanal Route

SALMASALMA

Georgia’s CapitalsGeorgia’s Capitals

S – Savannah S – Savannah

A – AugustaA – Augusta

L – LouisvilleL – Louisville

M – MilledgevilleM – Milledgeville

A - AtlantaA - Atlanta

Georgia’s Capital CitiesGeorgia’s Capital CitiesAugustaAugusta

Georgia moved its Georgia moved its capital from Savannah capital from Savannah to Augusta in 1785 to to Augusta in 1785 to be more accessible to be more accessible to people moving west.people moving west.

Louisville,GALouisville,GAThey moved it again in They moved it again in 1796 to a new town 1796 to a new town called Louisville (named called Louisville (named for King Louis of France).for King Louis of France).

Why would we want to Why would we want to honor the King of honor the King of France?France?

Louisville was considered Louisville was considered a good compromise a good compromise location between location between Savannah and Augusta.Savannah and Augusta.

Milledgeville, GAMilledgeville, GA

Due to continued Due to continued western expansion western expansion and an outbreak of and an outbreak of malaria in malaria in Louisville the Louisville the capital was moved capital was moved to Milledgeville to Milledgeville from 1804 - 1868from 1804 - 1868

Atlanta, GAAtlanta, GA

Eventually the state Eventually the state capital was moved to capital was moved to Atlanta Georgia.Atlanta Georgia.

Atlanta started as a Atlanta started as a railroad hub called railroad hub called Terminus, later called Terminus, later called Marthasville, and Marthasville, and finally renamed as finally renamed as Atlanta. Atlanta.

University of University of GeorgiaGeorgia

Lyman Hall suggested creating Lyman Hall suggested creating a higher system of learning a higher system of learning

Abraham Baldwin (first Abraham Baldwin (first president of UGA) believed it president of UGA) believed it was a government’s duty to was a government’s duty to help educate everyone. help educate everyone.

Georgia established the first Georgia established the first public university in the country public university in the country in 1801. (University of North in 1801. (University of North Carolina claim they are the Carolina claim they are the oldest)oldest)

Originally called Franklin Originally called Franklin College - later became the College - later became the University of Georgia.University of Georgia.

One of the first institutions to One of the first institutions to allow women to attend.allow women to attend.

Who is first?Who is first?

The debate between UGA and UNC is not The debate between UGA and UNC is not that important, because…that important, because…

GO FLORIDA!!!GO FLORIDA!!!

UGA will always be second best to UGA will always be second best to FLORIDA!!!!!!FLORIDA!!!!!!

Left Side AssignmentLeft Side Assignment“Two Questions”“Two Questions”

1.1. Why did Georgia’s capital move away Why did Georgia’s capital move away from its original location in Savannah and from its original location in Savannah and where did it go?where did it go?

2.2. What was significant about the What was significant about the establishment of the University of establishment of the University of Georgia?Georgia?

Georgia Land Use Notes CheckGeorgia Land Use Notes Check

Write Down “Write Down “HeadrightHeadright”, “”, “Yazoo Land FraudYazoo Land Fraud”, or “”, or “Land LotteryLand Lottery” ” to match an answer that best fits each question or statement.to match an answer that best fits each question or statement.

1.1. Family members were worth 50 acres each.Family members were worth 50 acres each.2.2. Legislators took bribes for the sold land.Legislators took bribes for the sold land.3.3. It led to a change from small farms to plantations.It led to a change from small farms to plantations.4.4. It gave the head of a household as much as 200 acres.It gave the head of a household as much as 200 acres.5.5. Widows and orphans could participate.Widows and orphans could participate.6.6. It involved land in what is now Mississippi and Alabama.It involved land in what is now Mississippi and Alabama.7.7. It led to Georgia’s western border being set at the It led to Georgia’s western border being set at the

Chattahoochee River.Chattahoochee River.8.8. You could “draw a blank” and not receive land.You could “draw a blank” and not receive land.9.9. It encouraged Revolutionary War veterans to move to Georgia.It encouraged Revolutionary War veterans to move to Georgia.10.10. Four private companies purchased millions of acres.Four private companies purchased millions of acres.

Georgia Capitals, Education, and Religion QuizGeorgia Capitals, Education, and Religion QuizWrite Write true or falsetrue or false for each statement. for each statement.

1.1. The third capital of Georgia was established at Louisville.The third capital of Georgia was established at Louisville.2.2. Georgia’s capital was moved from Savannah because it was too hot Georgia’s capital was moved from Savannah because it was too hot

there during the summer months.there during the summer months.3.3. Abraham Baldwin believed that only the wealthy should receive a higher Abraham Baldwin believed that only the wealthy should receive a higher

education.education.4.4. The University of Georgia was established as the first public university in The University of Georgia was established as the first public university in

the country.the country.5.5. The original name of Georgia’s first private university was Franklin The original name of Georgia’s first private university was Franklin

College.College.6.6. Churches grew after the Revolutionary War ended.Churches grew after the Revolutionary War ended.7.7. Free Will Baptists believed in missionary work and education.Free Will Baptists believed in missionary work and education.8.8. Tent Revivals were a part of the Methodist Church’s effort to promote Tent Revivals were a part of the Methodist Church’s effort to promote

religion throughout the state.religion throughout the state.9.9. Tent revivals became important places for people to socialize.Tent revivals became important places for people to socialize.10.10. A head of a household with a spouse, his mother and two children could A head of a household with a spouse, his mother and two children could

receive up to 350 acres of land with the Headright System.receive up to 350 acres of land with the Headright System.