G4 Winter Shelter

Study into rough sleepers

The Public Mental HealthcareCollaborative Centre of the G4

10 June 2011

Marcel Buster, Amsterdam Public Health Service

Eva Mandos & Staf van Zeele, Rotterdam-Rijnmond Public Health Service, Renske Gilisen, The Hague Public Health Service Regien Vleems & Addi van Bergen, Utrecht Public Health Service, Matty de Wit & Mariette Hensen-Baas, Amsterdam Public Health Service

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Mapping exercise on the basis of sleeping locations

Photo: ANP / Paul Stolk

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Total number of people in shelters Dec. 2010, Jan. 2011

1163

688510

393

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Amsterdam * Rotterdam Den Haag Utrecht

number

* including the Stoelenproject shelter

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Average occupancy of the shelter per day during the winter provision (Dec 2010, Jan 2011)

* including the Stoelenproject shelter

1163

688

510

393413

260188

140

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Amsterdam * Rotterdam Den Haag Utrecht

number

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Average occupancy per day (with/without winter provision)

* including the Stoelenproject shelter

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Where nights were spent in last 30 days before winter shelter (% night shelter)

29%

64%

34%

65%45%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Amsterdam R'dam Den Haag Utrecht Totaal% a

cco

mm

od

atio

n la

st 3

0 d

ays

Night shelter StreetIn condemned housing With relatives, partner, friends or acquaintancesOwn living space Housing provision/institution/hostelEmployer Police, DetentionOther

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Where nights were spent in last 30 days before winter shelter (% street)

32%

6%

23%

13%

21%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Amsterdam R'dam Den Haag Utrecht Totaal

% a

cco

mm

od

atio

n la

st 3

0 d

ays

Night shelter Street

In condemned housing With family, partner, friends or acquaintances

Own living space Housing provision/institution/hostel

Employer Police, Detention

Other

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Result: “Quick and Dirty” estimate of number of rough sleepers

A’dam R'damThe Hague Utrecht

ratio: nights on the street / shelter 1.14 0.,10  0.68 0.19

Occupancy night shelter 160  214 105 106

estimated rough sleeperson an average night* ≈ 180   ≈ 20 ≈ 70 ≈ 20

*: this group will consist of different individuals on different nights but the size of the group will be constant.

*: Assumption: surveyed group is a fair reflection of actual rough sleepers

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Characteristics: “Nationality”

41%

61%

41% 41% 47%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Amsterdam Rotterdam The Hague Utrecht Total

Dutch EU, old Member States EU, new Member States Outside EU

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Characteristics: “Nationality”

28% 7% 36% 24% 23%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Dutch EU, old Member States

EU, new Member States Outside EU

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Characteristics: Regional connection

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Amsterdam Rotterdam The Hague Utrecht Total

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Less than 2 years in the city

At least 2 years in city, but no Dutch nationality and no benefits in city

At least 2 years + Dutch nationality or benefits in city

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Dynamics: homeless for < 1 year

55%

35%50% 53% 48%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Amsterdam Rotterdam The Hague Utrecht Total

< 1 year homeless ≥ 1 year homeless

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Conclusion / Discussion• First G4 study

• Dynamics in every city!!!

• More rough sleepers in The Hague and Amsterdam

– Stricter policy on homeless people without regional connection

(looking at R’dam)

– Capacity of shelter

(looking at Utrecht)

- Or do other factors play a role?

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