GEOSPATIAL DATA LAYERS FOR ARC HYDRO RIVER

Arc Hydro River Meeting

Clark Siler

Center for Research in Water Resources

University of Texas at Austin

01 Dec 2010

Outline

Review Vision Research Questions

Q1: History Q2: Future Q3: Network Applications Summary

Indicators of Completion

2

Review – Texas’ Senate Bills

Senate Bill 1 (1997)

Established Texas’ official WAM Senate Bill 2 (2001)

Instream flows“…establish and continuously maintain an instream flow data collection and

evaluation program….”

Senate Bill 3 (2007)

Environmental Flows Allocation ProcessHow much water do rivers and bays need to stay healthy?

3

Review – WRAP & WAM

WRAP – Water Rights Analysis Package Suite of programs to digitally manage water

rights in Texas Developed by Dr. Ralph Wurbs of the Texas

Water Resources Institute at Texas A&M 23 basins, 10,000 locations, 50 years

Texas’ official Water Availability Model Response to drought of 1996 (SB1) Includes WRAP model & input datasets

4

WRAP as a Hydrologic Geospatial Model

Review – WRAP 5

WRAPInput Files Model

Output

Sensitive to Change

Time “When”

Space “Where”

Variable “What”

Time “When”

Space “Where”

Variable “What”

Each space-time point is unique and is associated with a set of variables

Space

Tim

e

Graphs

Maps

Time “When”

Space “Where”

Variable “What”

Time “When”

Space “Where”

Variable “What”

6

A set of variables…

Space

Time

Review – WRAP Display

Hard-coded

Review – WRAP Network Tools

7

Spatially-aware tools on a network Layers related, but network was modified manually

Review – Flow Regimes8

Subsistence Flows (cfs)

Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep

High Flow Pulses

F: 1 F: 1 F: 1 F: 0

Return Period (R) : 2.8 (years) Duration (D) : 32 (days) Volume (V) : 448505 (ac-ft) Peak Flow (Q) : 13000 (cfs)

Overbank Flows

D: 19 D: 26 D: 20 D: 20 Q: 3643 Q: 19900 Q: 19400 Q: 2340 V: 72105 V: 414546 V: 353058 V: 48459 F: 1 F: 2 F: 2 F: 2 D: 15 D: 15 D: 12 D: 12 Q: 1540 Q: 10600 Q: 9100 Q: 1210 V: 23512 V: 219362 V: 153660 V: 21722 F: 3 F: 2 F: 4 F: 3 D: 10 D: 10 D: 7 D: 9 Q: 713 Q: 5300 Q: 4275 Q: 574 V: 12155 V: 94176 V: 43548 V: 9654

2780(26.1%) 15650(22.3%) 13250(21.8%) 1950(19.2%)

Winter Spring Summer Fall

1060(50.5%) 8060(51.4%) 6375(45.3%) 1030(43.0%)492(71.4%) 3553(75.7%) 2928(69.9%) 552(67.6%)

Base Flows (cfs)

308(86.8%) 360(98.7%) 1030(92.5%) 568(66.6%)

F = Frequency (per season)

D = Duration (days)

Q = Peak Flows (cfs)

V = Volume (ac-ft)

High Flow Pulse

Characteristics

Wet (75th %ile)

Average (50th %ile)

Dry (25th %ile)

Subsistence

Hydrologic Conditions

MBFIT

IHAData and analyses singly-contained for

easy sharing

Not connected to GIS

Review – Barriers & Goal

Three Barriers Encountered1. Adaptable geospatial model

WRAP Display

2. Underlying network for analyses WRAP Network Tools

3. Web inclusion and sharing of analyses Flow Regimes Work

Goal: Build a simpler, more sustainable system

9

Review – DEMs & Catchments Much of hydrologic analysis stems from

raster data: DEMs Cell-based systems have been

supplemented by vector data: Points, Lines, Polygons

The fundamental unit in hydro analyses can be seen as the catchment, a vector unit

Catchments piece together much like traditional cell-based units

Fundamental flaw in information model: Loops

10

Vision – Display Layer

Display Layer – Hydro Base Map Example11

The Hydrography or “blue line” component of a topographic map

Arc Hydro Feature Classes

Vision – Analysis Layer

Analysis Layer – Hydro Base Map Example

12

A geometric network with a local catchment for each network edge

Arc Hydro Feature Classes

Vision

We want a general analysis layer: TCEQ Example

13

WAM Event Layer

TMDL Event Layer

Network

Underlying Network, Event Layers

Review – Vision

Observation Data is Becoming Available Online

Mapping Services Can Connect Space and Time Example: Nexrad Rainfall and USGS Gages

http://129.116.104.176/ArcGIS/rest/services/capcogaustin/capcog/MapServer

Can this be donefor anywhere in theworld?

14

Research Questions

Q1: What has been learned from the various hydrologic geospatial data models in the past ten years and how can this knowledge best be applied in future hydrologic applications?

Q2: What geospatial model can best handle the predicted future of hydrologic data?

Q3:How can estimated flow values and flow regimes be represented on geometric networks?

15

Research Questions

Q1: What has been learned from the various hydrologic geospatial data models in the past ten years and how can this knowledge best be applied in future hydrologic applications?

Q2: What geospatial model can best handle the predicted future of hydrologic data?

Q3:How can estimated flow values and flow regimes be represented on geometric networks?

16

Q1: History

Hydrologic Geospatial Data Models Review1. Arc Hydro2. WRAP Hydro3. NED and NHD4. CUAHSI5. Australian Geofabric6. Base Maps7. USGS Water Census

17

Geospatial Model Review: Arc Hydro

Geospatial and temporal ArcGIS data model

Employs geodatabase schema Over 100 GIS tools Framework for hydrologic simulation

models

18

1.

Geospatial Model Review: WRAP Hydro

Arc Hydro for WRAP Data model and tools for Texas’ WAM

19

2.

Geospatial Model Review: NED & NHD (USGS & EPA)

National Elevation Dataset (USGS) – seamless raster elevation data (30 m)

National Hydrography Dataset – feature-based representations of common surface water features

NHDPlus – combines benefits of NED, NHD, WBD, and NLCD (30 m); includes geometric network

NHD 24K – higher-resolution

20

3.

Geospatial Model Review: CUAHSI21

4.

Geospatial Model Review: Australian Geofabric

22

5.

AWRIS

Geospatial Model Review: Base Maps23

6.

ArcGIS Online

Hydro Base Map

Geospatial Model Review: USGS Water Census Seamless Water Data

Spans jurisdictional and political boundaries Water availability and water use trend data

24

7.

Research Questions

Q1: What has been learned from the various hydrologic geospatial data models in the past ten years and how can this knowledge best be applied in future hydrologic applications?

Q2: What geospatial model can best handle the predicted future of hydrologic data?

Q3:How can estimated flow values and flow regimes be represented on geometric networks?

25

Q2: Future26

Watersheds Groundwater

Two Global ModelsFuture…

Q2: Arc Hydro River

GIS for River Modeling and Morphology27

Aquatic Biology

River Network Channel Shape

Flooding

Geography

Applications

Research Questions

Q1: What has been learned from the various hydrologic geospatial data models in the past ten years and how can this knowledge best be applied in future hydrologic applications?

Q2: What geospatial model can best handle the predicted future of hydrologic data?

Q3:How can estimated flow values and flow regimes be represented on geometric networks?

28

Q3: Network Applications29

Research Questions

Q1: What has been learned from the various hydrologic geospatial data models in the past ten years and how can this knowledge best be applied in future hydrologic applications?

Q2: What geospatial model can best handle the predicted future of hydrologic data?

Q3:How can estimated flow values and flow regimes be represented on geometric networks?

30

Summary

We need a simpler, more sustainable hydrologic conceptual model Allow analysis layer to “live” under display

layers Synthesize with wealth of online

observations data Intellectual backbone of Arc Hydro River

Model should accommodate time series and information products for individual catchments in a network

31

Indicators of Completion

“How can we tell when it’s done?” When a time series exists on a network that represents flow values and/or flow regimes, being based on a geospatial model that incorporates best principles and practices from the past.

32

33